一名匏瓜、俗名葫芦、通利水、消肿胀。
甘平滑。利水。治腹胀黄肿。（用亚腰壶卢、连子烧存性、每服一个、食前温酒下、不
饮酒
者、白汤下、十余日见效。）
一名白瓜。通、泻热益脾。
寒泻热。甘益脾。利二便。消水肿。（多吃效。）止消渴。（苗叶皆治。）散热毒痈肿。
子、补肝明目。（凡药中所用瓜子、皆冬瓜子也。）叶、治消渴疟疾寒热。（焙研、敷多年恶
疮。）
补气。
甘温。补中益气。（时珍曰∶不可同羊肉食、令人气壅。）
一名梢瓜、一名菜瓜。泻热利肠。
甘寒。利肠胃，去烦热，解酒毒。
清热、通利水。
甘寒。有小毒。清热解渴。利水道。一名黄瓜。（藏器曰∶北人避石勒讳、改呼黄瓜、
至今
因之、时珍曰∶张骞使西域得种、故名胡瓜、按杜宝大业拾遗录云∶隋大业四年、避讳改胡
瓜为黄瓜、与陈氏之说微异、今俗以月令王瓜生即此、误矣、王瓜、土瓜也、见草部。）根
、捣敷狐刺肿毒。
一名天罗、一名蛮瓜、通经脉、凉血解毒、除风化痰。
甘冷。凉血解毒。除风化痰。通经络。行血脉。（老者筋络贯串、象人经脉、故可借其
气以
引之。）消浮肿。发痘疮。（出不快者、烧存性、入朱砂、蜜水调服。）治肠风崩漏。疝痔
痈疽。滑肠下乳。用老丝瓜筋。烧存性。（或捣汁。）以上 菜类。
又名匏瓜，俗称葫芦，具有通利水道、消除肿胀的功效。
味甘、性平而滑，能利水。治疗腹部胀满及黄肿病。（使用中间有腰的壶卢，连同种子一起烧至存性，每次服用一个，饭前用温酒送服；不饮酒者，用白开水送服，十余天可见效。）
又名白瓜。具有通泄、清热并补益脾脏的作用。
性寒以泻热，味甘以益脾。通利大小便，消除水肿。（多吃效果显著。）止消渴。（其苗和叶均可入药。）疏散热毒痈肿。
种子，补肝明目。（凡方剂中使用的瓜子，均指冬瓜子。）叶子，治疗消渴、疟疾引起的寒热症状。（焙干研末，敷于多年的恶疮上。）
补气。
味甘、性温。补益中气。（李时珍说：不可与羊肉同食，否则会导致气机壅滞。）
又名梢瓜，又名菜瓜。具有清热、通利肠道的作用。
味甘、性寒。通利肠胃，去除烦热，解酒毒。
清热、通利水道。
味甘、性寒，有小毒。清热解渴，通利水道。又名黄瓜。（陈藏器说：北方人为了避石勒的名讳，改称黄瓜，沿用至今。李时珍说：张骞出使西域带回种子，所以原名胡瓜。据杜宝《大业拾遗录》记载：隋朝大业四年，因避讳将胡瓜改为黄瓜，这与陈氏的说法略有不同。现在民间误以为《月令》中“王瓜生”指的就是此物，这是错误的。王瓜是土瓜，见草部。）根部，捣碎后外敷治疗狐刺（腋臭伴发的）肿毒。
又名天罗，又名蛮瓜，具有通经脉、凉血解毒、祛风化痰的作用。
味甘、性冷。凉血解毒，祛风化痰，通经络，行血脉。（老丝瓜的筋络贯穿其中，像人的经脉一样，所以可以借其气来引导药力。）消除浮肿。促使痘疮发出。（若痘疮发出不畅，将老丝瓜烧至存性，加入朱砂，用蜜水调服。）治疗肠风、崩漏、疝气、痔疮、痈疽。滑肠通便，下乳。使用老丝瓜的筋，烧至存性。（或捣取汁液。）以上均为蔬菜类。
Also known as *Pao* melon, commonly called gourd (*Hulu*), it promotes urination and reduces swelling.
Sweet, smooth, and neutral in nature. It promotes urination. Treats abdominal distension and yellow edema. (Use a "waisted" gourd, including the seeds, calcined to retain its character. Take one unit per dose before meals with warm wine; for those who do not drink alcohol, take with plain water. Effect is seen after more than ten days.)
Also known as white melon. It unblocks, clears heat, and benefits the spleen.
Cold in nature to clear heat; sweet to benefit the spleen. Promotes bowel movements and urination, reduces edema. (Effective when consumed in large quantities.) Stops thirst. (Both vines and leaves are medicinally used.) Disperses heat toxins and carbuncles.
Seeds: tonify the liver and improve vision. (Note: The "melon seeds" used in all prescriptions refer to the seeds of *Benincasa hispida*, i.e., Winter Melon Seeds.) Leaves: treat diabetes mellitus and the chills and fever associated with malaria. (Calcined and ground into powder, applied to chronic malignant sores.)
Tonifies Qi.
Sweet and warm. Tonifies the middle jiao and supplements Qi. (Li Shizhen stated: Do not consume together with mutton, as it causes Qi stagnation.)
Also known as tip melon or vegetable melon. Clears heat and promotes intestinal function.
Sweet and cold. Promotes gastrointestinal function, removes irritability and heat, and resolves alcohol toxicity.
Clears heat and promotes urination.
Sweet and cold, slightly toxic. Clears heat and relieves thirst, promotes urinary flow. Also known as cucumber. (Chen Cangqi stated: People in the north changed the name to cucumber to avoid the taboo of Shi Le's name, a usage that persists to this day. Li Shizhen stated: Zhang Qian brought seeds from the Western Regions, hence the original name Hu melon. According to Du Bao's *Records of the Grand Sui Era*, in the fourth year of the Daye era of the Sui Dynasty, it was renamed cucumber due to taboo, which differs slightly from Chen's account. Currently, folklore mistakenly identifies "Wua grows" in the *Monthly Ordinances* as this plant, which is incorrect. Wua melon is earth melon, see Herbal Section.) Roots: crushed and applied topically to treat fox-sting swelling and toxins.
Also known as Tianluo or Man melon. Unblocks meridians, cools blood, resolves toxins, dispels wind, and transforms phlegm.
Sweet and cold. Cools blood and resolves toxins, dispels wind and transforms phlegm, unblocks collaterals, and promotes blood circulation. (The fibers of the old loofah run through it like human meridians, thus it can be used to guide therapeutic effects.) Reduces edema. Induces eruption of smallpox/variolous eruptions. (For slow eruption, calcine the old loofah to retain its character, mix with Cinnabar, and take with honey-water.) Treats intestinal wind, metrorrhagia and metrostaxis, hernia, hemorrhoids, carbuncles, and ulcers. Lubricates intestines and promotes lactation. Use the fibers of the old loofah, calcined to retain its character. (Or crush to extract juice.) The above are classified as vegetables.