宣、去风坚肾。
辛苦平。有毒。散风坚肾。利筋骨皮毛。逐诸风。疗风痹脚弱。浸酒饮。治头风。为末
吹鼻
。愈小儿通睛。（小儿误跌、或打着头脑受惊、肝系受风、致瞳人不正、宜石楠散、吹鼻通
顶
瓜
丁五七个、为末、每吹少许入鼻、一日三度、内服牛黄平肝药。
）祛风通利。是其所长。补肾之说。未可信也。关中者佳。炙用。五加皮为使。恶小蓟。
轻宣、散上部风。
味苦辛平。轻浮升散而搜风。通利九窍。治湿痹拘挛。头痛脑鸣。（太阳脉络于脑。）目
痛齿
痛。（齿虽属肾、为骨之余、而上龈属足阳明、下龈属手阳明、阳明风热上攻、则动摇肿痛
。）头面风虚之证。头痛目痛。不因风邪而因血虚有火者。忌之。元素云。胃虚人不可食。
恐生痰疾。产南皮县。（去膜、打碎用、亦有酒蒸炒者。）恶石膏、乌头。（乳痈初起、酒服
末方寸七。）
泻热。
苦凉，活血润燥。治肠风泻血，痢后热渴。作饮服。令人得睡。擦顽癣及虫疮。（癣疮
有虫
、用川槿皮、肥皂水浸、时时搽之、或浸汁磨雄黄、尤妙。）不宜多服。川产者良。（肉浓而
色红者真。）用根皮。（赤白带下、川槿皮二两、白酒碗半、煎一碗、空心服、白带用红酒、
甚妙。）
泻、凉血解毒。
辛平。性滑涎粘。清肺凉血。散热止痛。消肿排脓。治一切痈疽肿毒。有殊功。（用芙
蓉花
、或叶或皮或根、生捣、或干研末、蜜调涂四围、中间留头、干则频换、初起者即觉清凉、
痛止肿消、已成者即脓出、已溃者即易敛、疡科秘其名为清凉膏、清露散、铁箍散、皆此物
也、或加赤小豆末、或苍耳烧存性、为末加入、亦妙。）用花叶。（经水不止、芙蓉花、莲蓬
壳等分为末、米饮下二钱、效。）
宣叶，具有疏散风邪、坚固肾气的作用。
味辛苦，性平，有毒。能疏散风邪、坚固肾气，通利筋骨皮毛，驱逐各种风邪，治疗风痹导致的脚部软弱无力。可浸泡在酒中饮用，治疗头风；研成粉末吹入鼻腔，可治愈小儿通睛。（小儿因误跌或头部受击受惊，导致肝系受风，致使瞳孔不正，适宜使用石楠散，取瓜丁五至七个研末，每次取少许吹入鼻中，每日三次，同时内服牛黄平肝药物。）祛风通利是其长处，但补肾的说法，不可轻信。关中地区出产的较好，需炙后使用。以五加皮为引经药，忌与小蓟同用。
轻宣叶，具有疏散上部风邪的作用。
味苦辛，性平。质地轻浮，升散而搜剔风邪，通利九窍，治疗湿痹引起的拘挛，头痛脑鸣。（太阳经脉联络于脑。）眼痛、牙痛。（牙齿虽属肾，为骨之余，但上牙龈属足阳明胃经，下牙龈属手阳明大肠经，若阳明风热上攻，则会导致牙齿动摇肿痛。）对于头面风虚之证，若头痛目痛并非由风邪引起，而是因血虚有火所致者，忌用。张元素说，胃虚之人不可食用，恐怕会生痰疾。产于南皮县。（去膜，打碎使用，也有酒蒸或炒制的。）忌与石膏、乌头同用。（乳痈初起时，用酒送服粉末一方寸匕。）
槿皮（川槿皮），具有泻热作用。
味苦，性凉，能活血润燥。治疗肠风便血，痢疾后的热渴。煎汤服用，能令人安睡。擦涂顽固癣疮及虫咬疮。（癣疮中有虫，可用川槿皮、肥皂水浸泡，时时搽拭，或用浸汁磨雄黄，尤其妙。）不宜多服。四川产的较好。（肉质厚且色红的为真品。）使用根皮。（赤白带下，用川槿皮二两，白酒半碗，煎至一碗，空腹服用，白带多用红酒，效果甚佳。）
芙蓉花/叶/皮/根，具有泻火、凉血解毒作用。
味辛，性平。性质滑腻，黏液丰富。清肺凉血，散热止痛，消肿排脓，治疗一切痈疽肿毒，有特殊功效。（使用芙蓉花，或叶、或皮、或根，生捣烂，或干研成末，用蜂蜜调匀涂抹四周，中间留出疮头，干了就频繁更换，初起者即觉清凉，痛止肿消；已成脓者即脓出；已溃破者即容易收敛，外科秘传名为清凉膏、清露散、铁箍散，都是此物，也可加入赤小豆末，或苍耳烧存性研末加入，也很好。）使用花和叶。（月经不止，用芙蓉花、莲蓬壳等分为末，米饮送服二钱，有效。）
Xuan Ye (Foliage of Kopsia fruticosa) disperses wind and strengthens the kidney.
Pungent, bitter, neutral in nature; toxic. It disperses wind, strengthens the kidney, benefits the sinews, bones, skin, and hair, expels various winds, and treats wind-bi with weakness in the legs. It can be soaked in wine for drinking to treat cephalalgia due to wind; powdered and insufflated into the nose, it cures strabismus in children. (Strabismus in children may result from accidental falls or blows to the head causing fright, leading to wind invading the liver system, resulting in misalignment of the pupil. It is appropriate to use Shinan San [Stone Nan Powder], taking five to seven Guding [seeds of Melothria scabra], grinding them into powder, insufflating a small amount into the nose each time, three times a day, while internally administering Niuhuang Pinggan Yao [Calculus Bovis Liver-Calming Medicine].) Its strength lies in dispelling wind and promoting free flow; the claim that it tonifies the kidney is not credible. Those produced in Guanzhong are superior. It should be used after stir-frying. Wujiapi (Cortex Acanthopanacis Senticosi) serves as a guiding herb. It is incompatible with Xiaoji (Herba Cirsii Japonici).
Qingxuan Ye (Light Foliage of Kopsia fruticosa) disperses wind in the upper jiao.
Bitter, pungent, neutral in nature. Light and floating, it ascends and disperses, searching out wind. It unblocks the nine orifices, treats bi-syndrome due to dampness with spasms and contracture, headache, and tinnitus in the brain. (The Taiyang meridian connects with the brain.) Ocular pain and toothache. (Although teeth belong to the kidney as the surplus of bone, the upper gums belong to the Foot-Yangming Stomach meridian, and the lower gums belong to the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine meridian. If Wind-Heat of the Yangming attacks upward, it causes tooth mobility, swelling, and pain.) For conditions of wind-deficiency in the head and face, if headache and ocular pain are not caused by wind-pathogens but by blood deficiency with fire, it is contraindicated. Zhang Yuansu stated that persons with weak stomachs should not consume it, lest phlegm diseases arise. It is produced in Nanpi County. (Remove the membrane, crush before use; some are steamed or stir-fried with wine.) It is incompatible with Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) and Wutou (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata). (For early-stage mastitis, take the powder with wine, one cun qi [approx. 5 grams].)
Jinpi (Cortex Hibisci Mutabilis) clears heat.
Bitter, cool in nature. Invigorates blood and moistens dryness. Treats intestinal wind with bloody stool and thirst due to heat after dysentery. Taken as a decoction, it promotes sleep. Rubbed on stubborn tinea and insect bites. (Tinea involves parasites; soak Chuanjinpi [Cortex Hibisci Mutabilis] in soap water and apply frequently, or grind Xionghuang [Realgar] in its juice, which is excellent.) It should not be taken in large doses. Those from Sichuan are good. (Those with thick flesh and red color are authentic.) Use the root bark. (For leukorrhea, take two liang of Chuanjinpi, half a bowl of white wine, decoct to one bowl, drink on an empty stomach; for white discharge, use red wine, which is very effective.)
Ronghua/Rongye/Rongpi/Ronggen (Flower/Leaf/Bark/Root of Hibiscus mutabilis) purges fire, cools blood, and resolves toxicity.
Pungent, neutral in nature. Slippery and viscous. Clears the lung, cools blood, dissipates heat, relieves pain, reduces swelling, and discharges pus. It has special efficacy in treating all kinds of carbuncles, ulcers, swellings, and toxins. (Use Ronghua [Hibiscus mutabilis flower], or leaves, bark, or roots. Freshly pounded or dried and powdered, mixed with honey, applied around the periphery leaving the center open. Change frequently when dry. Early stages feel cool, pain stops, swelling subsides; formed abscesses drain pus; ulcerated wounds heal easily. Secret formulas in surgery named Qingliang Gao [Cooling Paste], Qinglu San [Clear Dew Powder], Tiegu San [Iron Hoop Powder] all consist of this substance. Adding Chi Xiaodou [Vigna angularis] powder or Cang'er [Fructus Xanthii] calcined to retain its nature and powdered is also excellent.) Use flowers and leaves. (For menorrhagia, mix Ronghua [Hibiscus mutabilis flower] and Lianpengke [Pericarpium Nelumbinis] in equal parts, powder them, and take two qian with rice water, which is effective.)