通窍利肠。
甘冷利除热。通九窍。利肠滑胎。治初痢。忌与鳖同食。（小儿紧唇、赤苋捣汁洗之、
诸蛇
螫人、紫苋捣汁、饮一升、以滓敷之。）
子、明目。祛肝风客热，明目，治青盲，及眼见黑花。
泻热散血。
酸寒。散血解毒。祛风杀虫。治诸淋疳痢。（海上方、捣汁合鸡子服、治赤白痢。）血癖
恶疮
。（多年恶疮、敷两三遍、即瘥、煎膏、涂秃疮湿癣。）小儿丹毒。（捣汁饮、以滓涂之。）利
肠滑产。叶如马齿。有小大二种。小者入药。性至难燥。去茎。亦忌与鳖同食。（杂物眯目
不出、用东墙上马齿苋、烧灰、研细、点少许于 头、即出。）
（子、明目。）明目。治青盲。及目中出泪。或出脓。
一名白苣。泻热利肠。
苦寒。利五脏。通经脉。开胸膈壅气。解热毒酒毒。止渴利肠。（鱼脐疮、头白痛甚、
以针
刺破头、以白苣汁滴孔中、良。）
泻热利肠。
苦冷微毒。（中其毒者、以姜汁解之。）功同白苣。又能通乳汁。杀虫蛇毒。自莴国来。
故名
。（江南人、盐晒压实、以备方物、名莴苣笋。）子、下乳汁。通小便。治痔漏阴肿下血。损
伤作痛。炒用。（小便尿血、莴苣菜捣敷脐上、甚效、小便不通方同。）
一名黄花地丁。泻热解毒。
苦甘寒。（东垣曰∶苦寒入肾、丹溪曰∶花黄味甘、可入阳明、太阴经。）化热毒。解食
毒。
消肿核。颛治疔毒乳痈。（乳头属厥阴、乳房属阳明、同忍冬煎、入少酒服、捣敷亦良。）亦
为通淋妙品。擦牙、乌须发。（萨谦斋瑞竹堂方、有还少丹方、取其通肾。）白汁涂恶刺。（
凡螳螂诸虫孕育、游诸物上、必遗精汁、干久则有毒、人手触之成疾、名狐尿刺、惨痛不眠
、百治难效、取浓汁涂、即愈、千金方极言其功。）叶如莴苣。花如单瓣黄菊。四时有花。
花罢飞絮。断之茎中有白汁。（多年恶疮、蒲公英捣烂、贴之甚妙。）
通利九窍，通畅肠道。
味甘性冷，能清热利湿，通利九窍，滑利肠道并促进分娩。治疗初起痢疾。忌与鳖肉同食。（小儿嘴唇紧缩、赤苋捣汁外洗；各种蛇咬伤，紫苋捣汁内服一升，药渣外敷。）
种子：明目。祛除肝经风邪客热，明目，治疗青盲（视力减退或失明），以及眼前出现黑花。
泻热散血。
味酸性寒。散血解毒，祛风杀虫。治疗各种淋证、疳积痢疾。（海上方：捣汁配合鸡蛋服用，治疗赤白痢。）血癖恶疮。（多年的恶疮，敷两三次即可痊愈；煎膏涂抹秃疮湿癣。）小儿丹毒。（捣汁内服，药渣外涂。）利肠滑产。叶子像马齿。有小大两种。小的入药。性质极难干燥。去掉茎部。也忌与鳖同食。（杂物迷眼不出，用东墙上的马齿苋烧成灰，研细，点少许于眼中，即出。）
（种子：明目。）明目。治疗青盲。以及眼睛流泪或出脓。
又名白苣。泻热利肠。
味苦性寒。利五脏，通经脉，开胸膈壅滞之气，解热毒酒毒，止渴利肠。（鱼脐疮，头白且疼痛剧烈，用针刺破头部，滴入白苣汁，效果良好。）
泻热利肠。
味苦性冷微毒。（中毒者，用姜汁解毒。）功效同白苣。又能通乳汁，杀虫蛇毒。自莴国传来，故名。（江南人，盐晒压实，以备方物，名莴苣笋。）种子：下乳汁，通小便。治疗痔漏阴肿下血，损伤作痛。炒用。（小便尿血，莴苣菜捣敷脐上，甚效，小便不通方同。）
又名黄花地丁。泻热解毒。
味苦甘性寒。（李东垣说：苦寒入肾，朱丹溪说：花黄味甘，可入阳明、太阴经。）化热毒，解食毒，消肿核。专治疔毒乳痈。（乳头属厥阴经，乳房属阳明经，同忍冬藤煎煮，加入少量酒服用，捣烂外敷亦良。）也是通淋妙品。擦牙，乌须发。（萨谦斋瑞竹堂方，有还少丹方，取其通肾。）白汁涂恶刺。（凡螳螂等虫孕育，游诸物上，必遗精汁，干久则有毒，人手触之成疾，名狐尿刺，惨痛不眠，百治难效，取浓汁涂，即愈，千金方极言其功。）叶如莴苣，花如单瓣黄菊，四时有花，花罢飞絮。断之茎中有白汁。（多年恶疮，蒲公英捣烂贴之甚妙。）
Opens orifices and unblocks intestines.
Sweet and cold, it promotes urination to remove heat, opens the nine orifices, lubricates the intestines, facilitates childbirth, and treats early-stage dysentery. Avoid consuming with turtle meat. (For infants with tight lips, crush red amaranth leaves for juice and wash externally; for snakebites, drink one sheng of purple amaranth juice and apply the residue externally.)
Seeds: Brighten the eyes. Expel wind-heat from the liver, brighten the eyes, treat blindness (qingmang), and visual disturbances such as seeing black spots.
Drains heat and disperses blood stasis.
Sour and cold. Disperses blood, detoxifies, expels wind, and kills parasites. Treats various strangury, childhood malnutrition with dysentery. (Hai Shang Fang: Crush for juice, mix with egg yolk, treat red and white dysentery.) Blood masses and malignant sores. (For chronic malignant sores, apply two or three times until healed; make a paste for alopecia and tinea.) Infantile erysipelas. (Drink crushed juice, apply residue externally.) Lubricates intestines and facilitates childbirth. Leaves resemble purslane. There are small and large varieties. The small variety is used in medicine. It is difficult to dry. Remove stems. Also avoid consuming with turtle meat. (For foreign bodies in the eye, burn purslane from the east wall to ash, grind finely, and instill a small amount into the eye.)
(Seeds: Brighten the eyes.) Brightens the eyes. Treats blindness and tearing or purulent discharge from the eyes.
Also known as white lettuce. Drains heat and unblocks intestines.
Bitter and cold. Benefits the five zang organs, unblocks meridians, opens stagnation in the chest and diaphragm, resolves heat toxicity and alcohol toxicity, relieves thirst, and unblocks intestines. (For fish-umbilical sores with white heads and severe pain, puncture the head with a needle and drip white lettuce juice into the hole; effective.)
Drains heat and unblocks intestines.
Bitter, cold, and slightly toxic. (If poisoned, resolve with ginger juice.) Functions similarly to white lettuce. Also promotes lactation, kills parasites, and neutralizes snake venom. Originated from Wo country, hence the name. (In Jiangnan, people salt, sun-dry, and compress it for preservation, named woju bamboo shoots.) Seeds: Promote lactation, unblock urination. Treat hemorrhoids with leakage, swelling of the yin, lower body bleeding, and trauma pain. Stir-fry before use. (For hematuria, apply crushed woju vegetable to the navel; very effective. Same formula for urinary retention.)
Also known as huanghua diding (Taraxacum). Drains heat and detoxifies.
Bitter, sweet, and cold. (Li Dongyuan said: Bitter and cold enters the Kidney meridian; Zhu Danxi said: Yellow flowers with sweet taste can enter the Yangming and Taiyin meridians.) Transforms heat toxicity, resolves food toxicity, reduces swelling and nodules. Specifically treats carbuncles and mastitis. (The nipple belongs to the Jueyin meridian, the breast belongs to the Yangming meridian; decoct with Honeysuckle Vine, add a little wine and take orally; crushing and applying externally is also good.) It is also an excellent product for unblocking strangury. Rub teeth to darken beard and hair. (Sa Qianzhai's Ruizhutang Fang includes Huanshao Dan, utilizing its ability to benefit the Kidney.) White juice applied to "fox urine thorns." (When mantises and other insects reproduce, they leave seminal fluid on objects; when dried for a long time, it becomes toxic. Touching it causes illness called "fox urine thorn," causing severe pain and insomnia, difficult to cure. Applying thick juice cures it immediately; Qianjin Fang emphasizes its efficacy.) Leaves resemble lettuce, flowers resemble single-petal yellow chrysanthemums, blooms in all seasons, seeds fly after flowering. Broken stems exude white juice. (For chronic malignant sores, crushing and applying dandelion is very effective.)