通、行血。
色赤入营。气温行滞。味酸走肝。而咸走血。（本经苦寒。）入厥阴血分。（心包、肝。）
能行
血止血。（能行故能止、消瘀通经、又能止吐崩尿血。）消瘀通经。（酒煎一两、通经甚效。）
治风痹黄胆。（疸有五、黄胆、谷疸、酒疸、黄汗疸、女劳疸、此盖蓄血发黄、不专于湿热
者也、女劳疸必属肾虚、亦不可以湿热例治、当以地黄、萸肉、山药壮其水、人参培其气、
兼阳虚者、姜附肉桂、亦所必用、再随证而加利湿药。）崩晕扑损。痔 疮疖。无瘀滞者忌
投。一名茹芦。一名血见愁。根可染绛。忌铁。
一名凌霄花。泻血热、破血瘀。
甘酸而寒。入厥阴血分。（心包、肝。）能去血中伏火。破血去瘀。主产乳余疾。崩带症
瘕。
肠结血闭淋闭。风痒。血热生风之证。女科多用之。（肺痈有用之为君药者。末和密陀僧
、唾调、敷酒 鼻、验。）破血之药。走而不守。虚人避之。孕妇尤忌。花开五瓣。黄赤有
点。不可近鼻闻。伤脑。畏咸卤。（通身风痒、紫葳末酒服二钱、效。）
宣、行气祛风。
辛泄气。咸泄水。气温属木。其性善走。能宣疏五脏。通行十二经络。此风药之善走者
也、
威者言其猛烈、灵者言其效验。）治中风痛风。头风顽痹。（湿热流于肢节、肿属湿、痛属热、
属血虚、亦有因湿痰死血、十指麻木、亦是胃中有湿痰死血、脾主
四肢故也、痛风当分新久、新痛属寒、宜用辛温、久痛属热、宜用清凉、河间所谓暴病非热
、久病非寒是也、大法宜顺气清痰、搜风散湿、养血去瘀为要、高阳子威灵仙传曰∶一人手
足不遂数十年、遇新罗僧曰∶得一药可治、入山求之、乃威灵仙也、服之而愈。）症瘕积聚
。痰水宿脓。黄胆浮肿。大小肠秘。风湿痰气。一切冷痛。性极快利。积 不痊者。服之有
捷效。治诸骨哽颇验。（歌云∶铁脚威灵仙、砂糖和酒煎、一口吞下去、铁剑软如绵。）大走
真气。耗人血。不得已而后用之可也。根丛须数百条。长者二尺余。色深黑。俗名铁脚威灵
仙。忌茶茗、面。
【茜草】
具有通行、活血的功效。
其色赤，入营分（运行于脉中的血液）。气温，能行气滞。味酸，走肝经。且咸味走血分。（《本经》记载其性苦寒。）入厥阴血分。（包括心包络和肝脏。）
能够活血止血。（因为能行血，所以能止血；能消除瘀血、通调月经；又能治疗吐血、崩漏、尿血。）消除瘀血，通调月经。（用酒煎煮一两，通经效果显著。）
治疗风痹、黄疸。（黄疸分为五种：黄胆、谷疸、酒疸、黄汗疸、女劳疸。这大概是由于蓄血导致的发黄，不单纯是湿热所致。女劳疸必然属于肾虚，也不能单纯按湿热论治，应当用地黄、山茱萸、山药来滋补肾水，用人参培补脾气；兼有阳虚的，干姜、附子、肉桂也是必须使用的药物，再根据症状加入利湿药。）治疗崩漏、眩晕、跌打损伤。痔疮、疮疖。没有瘀滞者忌用。又名茹芦。又名血见愁。根可以染深红色。忌铁器。
【紫葳花】
又名凌霄花。泻血热，破血瘀。
味甘酸而性寒。入厥阴血分。（包括心包络和肝脏。）能去除血中潜伏的火邪，破除血瘀，去除瘀血。主治产后余疾、崩漏、带下、症瘕（腹内结块）。
肠结、血闭、淋证闭塞。风痒。血热生风的证候。妇科多用此药。（肺痈有用它作为君药的案例。研末与密陀僧混合，用唾液调和，敷于酒渣鼻，有效。）这是破血的药物，走而不守（药性流动迅速，不留驻），体虚之人应避开。孕妇尤其禁忌。花开五瓣，黄色赤色带有斑点。不可靠近鼻子闻，会伤脑。畏咸卤。（全身风痒，紫葳花末用酒送服二钱，有效。）
【威灵仙】
宣通，行气祛风。
辛味泄气，咸味泄水。气温，属木。其性质善于走窜，能宣通疏理五脏，通行十二经络。这是风药中善于走窜的药物。
“威”是说它猛烈，“灵”是说它效验显著。治疗中风、痛风、头风、顽痹。（湿热流注于肢节，肿属于湿，痛属于热，也属于血虚；也有因湿痰死血导致的十指麻木，这也是因为胃中有湿痰死血，脾主四肢的缘故。痛风应当分新久，新痛属于寒，宜用辛温药；久痛属于热，宜用清凉药，这就是河间所说的暴病非热、久病非寒的道理。大法宜顺气清痰、搜风散湿、养血去瘀为要。高阳子在《威灵仙传》中说：有一人手足不遂数十年，遇到新罗僧人说：有一种药可以治疗，进山寻找，就是威灵仙，服用后痊愈。）治疗症瘕积聚、痰水宿脓、黄疸浮肿、大小肠便秘、风湿痰气、一切冷痛。药性极快利，积滞不愈者，服用它有捷效。治疗各种骨哽很有效。（歌诀说：铁脚威灵仙，砂糖和酒煎，一口吞下去，铁剑软如绵。）大走真气，耗损人的血液，不得已的情况下才使用。根丛生须数百条，长的二尺多，颜色深黑。俗名铁脚威灵仙。忌茶茗、面食。
[Qiancao (Radix Rubiae)]
Has the effects of promoting circulation and invigorating blood.
Its red color enters the Ying level (nutritive level/blood within vessels). Its temperature is warm, capable of moving Qi stagnation. Its sour taste directs to the Liver meridian. And its salty taste directs to the Blood level. (The *Shennong Bencao Jing* records it as bitter and cold.) Enters the Jueyin Blood level (including the Pericardium and Liver).
Can invigorate blood and stop bleeding. (Because it moves blood, it can stop bleeding; eliminates stasis and unblocks menstruation; also treats hematemesis, metrorrhagia, and hematuria.) Eliminates stasis and unblocks menstruation. (Decocted in wine, one liang, has a very effective effect on unblocking menstruation.)
Treats wind-bi syndrome and jaundice. (Jaundice is divided into five types: Huangdan, Gu dan, Jiu dan, Huanghan dan, Nulao dan. This is likely due to retained blood causing yellowing, not solely due to damp-heat. Nulao dan must belong to Kidney deficiency and cannot be treated solely as damp-heat. One should use Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Yurou (Corni Fructus), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma) to strengthen Kidney water, and Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) to cultivate Spleen Qi. For those with Yang deficiency, Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex) are also necessary, followed by adding damp-draining herbs according to symptoms.) Treats metrorrhagia, vertigo, and traumatic injuries. Hemorrhoids, sores, and boils. Contraindicated for those without blood stasis. Also known as Rulu. Also known as Xuejianchou. The root can dye crimson. Avoid iron.
[Ziwei Hua (Flos Bignoniae)]
Also known as Lingxiao Hua. Drains blood heat, breaks blood stasis.
Sweet and sour in taste, cold in nature. Enters the Jueyin Blood level (including the Pericardium and Liver). Can remove latent fire from the blood, break blood stasis, and eliminate stasis. Mainly treats postpartum residual disorders, metrorrhagia, leukorrhea, and Zheng-Jia (abdominal masses).
Intestinal obstruction, blood amenorrhea, strangury obstruction. Wind itching. Syndromes of wind generated by blood heat. Frequently used in gynecology. (There are cases where it is used as the Jun herb (principal herb) for Lung Abscess. Ground into powder and mixed with Miduoseng (Lithargyri), applied with saliva to rhinophyma, effective.) This is a blood-breaking medicine, moving freely without staying put. Those with deficiency should avoid it. Pregnant women especially contraindicate it. Flowers have five petals, yellow-red with spots. Do not smell near the nose, as it harms the brain. Feared by salty brine. (For generalized wind itching, two qian of Ziwei powder taken with wine is effective.)
[Weilingxian (Radix Clematidis)]
Promotes dissemination, moves Qi and dispels wind.
Pungent flavor drains Qi, salty flavor drains water. Temperature is warm, belongs to Wood. Its nature is good at moving, capable of disseminating and regulating the Five Zang organs, and circulating through the Twelve Meridians. This is a wind-dispelling drug that moves well.
"Wei" refers to its fierceness, "Ling" refers to its efficacy. Treats stroke, gout, headache, and stubborn bi-syndrome. (Damp-heat flows into limbs and joints; swelling belongs to dampness, pain belongs to heat, or blood deficiency. There are also cases of numbness in ten fingers due to damp-phlegm and dead blood, which is because the Stomach contains damp-phlegm and dead blood, and the Spleen governs the four limbs. Gout should be distinguished by new or old onset. New pain belongs to cold, suitable for pungent-warm herbs; old pain belongs to heat, suitable for cool-clear herbs. This is what Hejian meant by 'acute illness is not necessarily heat, chronic illness is not necessarily cold.' The general principle should prioritize regulating Qi, clearing phlegm, searching for wind, dispersing dampness, nourishing blood, and removing stasis. Gaoyangzi's *Biography of Weilingxian* says: A person suffered from limb paralysis for decades, met a monk from Silla who said: I have a medicine that can treat this. Went into the mountains to find it, and it was Weilingxian. Took it and recovered.) Treats Zheng-Jia accumulations, phlegm-water and old pus, jaundice and edema, constipation of large and small intestines, wind-dampness and phlegm-qi, all kinds of cold pain. The nature is extremely rapid and purgative. For accumulated stagnation that does not heal, taking it has a swift effect. Treats various fish or bone bones stuck in the throat quite effectively. (Song says: Iron-foot Weilingxian, decocted with rock sugar and wine, swallowed in one gulp, makes an iron sword soft as cotton.) Greatly depletes True Qi and consumes human blood. Should only be used when absolutely necessary. Roots grow in clusters with hundreds of hairs, some over two chi long, dark black in color. Commonly known as Tieji Weilingxian. Avoid tea and wheat products.