泻热清神、消食。
苦甘微寒。下气消食。去痰热，除烦渴，清头目。（得春初生发之气、故多整肃上膈之
功、
汤液云∶苦寒不行、如何是清头目、蒙筌曰∶热下降、则上自清矣。）醒昏睡。（能清神、景
岳云∶饮浓茶即不睡者、以心气被伐而然。）解酒食油腻烧炙之毒。（与姜等分浓煎、名姜茶
饮、治赤白痢、茶助阴、姜助阳、使寒热平调、并能消暑、解酒食毒。）利大小便。止头痛。
中冷中风、由痰厥气上冲所致、名痰厥头痛、单煮茶、恣饮取吐
、直吐出胆汁乃已、渴而即瘥。）愈 疮。寒胃。（浓茶能引吐。）消脂。（最能去油。）酒后
饮茶。引入膀胱肾经。患瘕疝水肿。空心尤忌。味甘而细者良。（茶禀天地至清之气、产于
瘠砂之间、颛感云露之滋培、不受纤尘之滓秽、故能清心涤肠胃、为清贵之品、昔人多言其
苦寒不利脾胃、及多食发黄消瘦之说、此皆语其粗恶苦涩者尔、故入药须择上品、方有利益
。）茶子捣仁洗衣。去油腻。以上味类。
一名瓜丁。宣、涌吐。
苦寒。有小毒。阳明（胃。）吐药。能吐风热痰涎。上膈宿食。（吐去上焦之邪、经所谓
其高
者、因而越之、在上者涌之、木郁达之是也、瓜蒂散、越以瓜蒂淡豉之苦、涌以赤小豆之酸
、吐去上焦有形之物、则木得舒畅、天地交而万物通矣、丹溪曰∶吐中就有发散之义、子和
曰∶诸汗法、古方多有之、唯以吐发汗、世罕知之、故予尝曰∶吐法兼汗、其以此夫。）治
风眩头痛。懊 不眠。癫痫喉痹。上脘痞硬。头目湿气。（ 鼻。）水肿黄胆。（或合赤小
豆煎、或吹鼻中、取出黄水。）湿热诸病。（类编云∶一女子病 喘不止、遇道人、教取瓜蒂
七
胶粘、三进而病如扫。凡取吐者、须天气清明、巳午以前行之、
令病患隔夜勿食、卒病者不拘。）损胃伤血。耗气夺神。上部无实邪者。切勿轻投。（当吐而
胃弱者、代以参芦。）甜瓜（俗名熟瓜。）性冷。有小毒。损阳。（虽能解暑、然夏多食之、
深
秋未有不下痢者。凡瓜皆冷利、早青尤甚。）瓜叶、无发。捣汁涂之。即生。
泻除热邪、清宁心神、消除食积。
味苦甘，性微寒。能降气消食。去除痰热，解除烦渴，清利头目。（因为汲取了春季初生发散的阳气，所以具有较多整理肃清上膈的功用。）《汤液经法》说：苦寒之药通常难以通行，怎么能起到清利头目的作用呢？蒙筌回答说：热邪向下沉降，上部自然就会清爽了。）使人从昏睡中清醒。（能够清宁心神，景岳说：饮用浓茶后就不睡觉，是因为心气被损伤的缘故。）解除酒毒、食物油腻及烧烤炙烤食物的毒性。（与生姜等量，浓煎，名为姜茶饮，治疗赤白痢疾，茶助阴，姜助阳，使寒热平调，并能消暑，解酒食毒。）通利大小便。止住头痛。
中冷中风，由痰厥气上冲所致，称为痰厥头痛，单煮茶水，尽情饮用以取吐，直到吐出胆汁才停止，口渴随即痊愈。）治愈疮疡。治疗胃寒。（浓茶能引起呕吐。）消除脂肪。（最能去除油脂。）酒后饮茶。引入膀胱和肾经。患有瘕疝水肿者。空腹尤其忌讳。味甘且细嫩的为好。（茶禀受天地最清纯之气，产于贫瘠砂地之间，专门感受云露的滋润培育，不受纤尘的污染，所以能清心涤荡肠胃，是清贵之品，过去很多人说它苦寒不利脾胃，以及多食导致发黄消瘦的说法，这都是针对那些粗劣苦涩的茶而言的，所以入药必须选择上品，才有利益。）茶籽捣碎成仁用来洗衣。去除油腻。以上这些功效类似。
又名瓜丁。宣通、涌吐。
味苦，性寒。有小毒。归阳明（胃）经。是催吐药。能吐出风热痰涎。上膈宿食。（吐出上焦的邪气，经典所谓“其高者，因而越之”，“在上者涌之”，“木郁达之”就是这个道理。瓜蒂散，用瓜蒂淡豆豉的苦味来越出，用赤小豆的酸味来涌出，吐出上焦有形的病邪，则肝木得以舒畅，天地交泰而万物通畅了。丹溪说：吐法中就有发散的含义。子和说：各种发汗法，古方中多有记载，唯独以吐法发汗，世人很少知道，所以我曾经说：吐法兼有汗法的作用，大概就是这个原因吧。）治疗风眩头痛。心中懊恼不眠。癫痫喉痹。上脘痞硬。头目湿气。（塞鼻。）水肿黄疸。（或合赤小豆煎服，或吹入鼻中，取出黄水。）湿热诸病。（类编说：一女子患喘不止，遇到道人，教她取瓜蒂七粒粘在鼻中，三次后病如扫除。凡是用吐法，必须天气清明，巳午以前进行，让病患隔夜不要进食，急病者不拘泥于此。）损伤胃气耗伤血液。消耗元气夺走神气。上部没有实邪者。切勿轻易使用。（应当吐而胃弱者，用参芦代替。）甜瓜（俗名熟瓜。）性冷。有小毒。损伤阳气。（虽然能解暑，然而夏天多吃，深秋没有不下痢的。凡是瓜都冷利，早熟的尤其严重。）瓜叶，无发汗作用。捣汁涂抹。即生。
Eliminate heat, clear the spirit, and resolve food stagnation.
Bitter, sweet, and slightly cold in nature. It descends qi and resolves food stagnation. It removes phlegm-heat, relieves vexation and thirst, and clears the head and eyes. (Because it absorbs the ascending and dispersing qi of early spring, it has many functions of organizing and肃ifying the upper jiao.) The *Tangye Jingfa* states: "How can bitter-cold herbs circulate to clear the head and eyes?" Meng Quan replies: "When heat sinks downward, the upper part naturally becomes clear." It awakens from drowsiness. (It can clear the spirit; Jingyue says: "Drinking strong tea prevents sleep because the heart qi is damaged.") It resolves the toxicity of alcohol, greasy food, and roasted/grilled foods. (Boiled strongly with equal parts of ginger, named Ginger Tea Drink, it treats red and white dysentery. Tea aids yin, ginger aids yang, balancing cold and heat, and it can also relieve summerheat and resolve alcohol/food toxicity.) It promotes urination and defecation. It stops headaches.
Central cold and wind-stroke, caused by phlegm-jue with qi rushing upward, is called Phlegm-Jue Headache. Boil tea alone, drink freely to induce vomiting until bile is expelled, then thirst ceases and recovery occurs. It cures sores. Treats cold stomach. (Strong tea can induce vomiting.) Resolves lipids. (Most effective at removing oil.) Drinking tea after alcohol introduces it into the Bladder and Kidney meridians. Those with masses, hernias, or edema should especially avoid it on an empty stomach. Sweet-tasting and fine-textured tea is good. (Tea inherits the purest qi of heaven and earth, grows in barren sandy soil, specifically nourished by cloud dew, free from dust impurities, thus it can clear the heart and cleanse the stomach and intestines, being a noble and pure product. Many past people said its bitter-cold nature harms the spleen and stomach, and that excessive consumption causes yellowing and emaciation; these comments refer only to coarse, bitter, and astringent teas. Therefore, for medicinal use, top-grade tea must be selected to have beneficial effects.) Tea seeds crushed into kernels are used for washing clothes to remove grease. The above effects are similar.
Also known as Gua Ding. Promotes circulation and induces vomiting.
Bitter and cold. Slightly toxic. Enters the Yangming (Stomach) meridian. It is an emetic. It expels wind-heat, phlegm, and saliva. Upper diaphragm retained food. (Expelling pathogenic factors from the upper jiao, as the classics state: "For those high up, cause them to ascend"; "For those above, induce vomiting"; "For stagnant wood, promote unblocking." This is the principle. In Gudi San, the bitterness of Gudi and Dan Chi causes ascent, and the sourness of Chixiaodou causes vomiting, expelling有形 (formidable/pathological) matter from the upper jiao, allowing Wood Qi to flow freely, Heaven and Earth to interact, and all things to prosper. Danxi said: "Vomiting contains the meaning of dispersion." Hezi said: "Various sweating methods exist in ancient formulas, but inducing sweating via vomiting is rarely known by the world. Thus I once said: Vomiting method combines sweating method, this is likely why.") It treats wind-dizziness headache. Vexation and insomnia. Epilepsy and throat obstruction. Fullness and hardness in the upper epigastrium. Dampness in the head and eyes. (Insufflated into nose.) Edema and jaundice. (Or decocted with Chixiaodou, or insufflated into the nose to extract yellow fluid.) Various damp-heat diseases. (*Leibian* says: A woman suffered from incessant wheezing. She met a Daoist who taught her to take seven Gudi grains, stick them in the nose, and after three applications, the illness was swept away. When using vomiting methods, one must choose clear weather, before Si/Wu hours. Let the patient fast overnight; acute cases do not need to observe this strictly.) Damages stomach and injures blood. Depletes qi and steals spirit. If there is no excess pathogen in the upper body, do not administer lightly. (If vomiting is indicated but the stomach is weak, substitute with Shenlu.) Sweet melon (commonly known as ripe melon). Cold in nature. Slightly toxic. Damages yang. (Although it can relieve summerheat, eating too much in summer often leads to diarrhea in late autumn. All melons are cold and purgative, especially early ones.) Melon leaves do not induce sweating. Crush and apply juice externally.