补肝胆、敛汗、宁心醒脾。
甘酸而润。生用酸平。专补肝胆。（今人专以为心家药、殊未明耳。）炒熟酸温而香。亦
能醒
脾。助阴气。坚筋骨。除烦止渴。（敛阴生津。）敛汗。（经疏曰∶凡服固表药而汗不止者、
用枣仁炒研、同生地、白芍、北五味、麦冬、龙眼肉、竹叶煎服多效、以汗为心液也。）宁
心。（心君易动、皆由胆怯所致、经曰∶凡十一官、皆取决于胆也。）疗胆虚不眠。（温胆汤
中、或加用之、肝虚则胆亦虚、肝不藏魂、故不寐、血不归脾、卧亦不安、金匮治虚劳虚烦
不
升、甘草炙、知母、茯苓、芎 各二两、深师加生姜二两、此补肝
之剂、经曰∶卧则血归于肝、苏颂曰∶一方加桂一两、二方枣仁皆生用、治不得眠、则生用
疗胆热好眠之说、未可信也、盖胆热必有心烦口苦之证、何以反能好眠乎、若肝火郁
于胃中、以致倦怠嗜卧、则当用辛凉透发肝火、如柴薄之属、非枣仁所得司也。）酸痹久泻
。（酸收涩、香舒脾。）肝胆二经有实邪。热者勿用。炒香研。恶防己。
一名白 。消风清热、治目。
甘微寒。消风清热。和肝明目。退翳膜赤筋。理 伤泪出。（凡目疾在表、当疏风清热、
在
里属肾虚血少、神劳、宜补肾养血安神。）破心下结痰。除腹中痞气。（皆热邪为祟。）目
病不缘风热。而因于虚者。勿用。丛生有刺。实如五味。圆扁有纹。紫赤可食。汤浸取仁。
去皮尖。水煮过。研膏。（蕤仁一两、细辛半两、苦竹叶二把、水二升、煎一升、滤汁、频
洗、治飞血眼。）
补益肝胆，收敛止汗，宁心安神，醒脾开胃。
（酸枣仁）味甘、酸，性质滋润。生用时性味酸平，专门补益肝胆。（现在的人专门把它当作治疗心脏疾病的药物，这很不明白其中的道理。）炒熟后性味酸温且带有香气，也能醒脾，助长阴气，坚固筋骨，消除烦热并止渴。（具有收敛阴液、生津液的作用。）收敛止汗。（《本草经疏》说：凡是服用固表止汗药而汗仍不止的，用炒研的酸枣仁，同生地、白芍、北五味子、麦冬、龙眼肉、竹叶一起煎服，大多有效，因为汗是心的体液。）宁心安神。（心主神明容易受惊动，这都是由胆怯引起的，《内经》说：所有十一个脏腑的功能，都取决于胆。）治疗胆虚导致的失眠。（在温胆汤中，可以加入使用它。肝虚则胆也虚，肝不藏魂，所以失眠；血液不能回归脾脏，睡眠也不安稳。《金匮要略》治疗虚劳虚烦不得眠，用炙甘草、知母、茯苓、川芎各二两，深师方加生姜二两，这是补肝的方剂。《内经》说：卧下时血液回归肝脏。苏颂说：一方加桂一两，另一方枣仁皆生用，治疗不得眠，则生用。关于“治胆热好眠”的说法，不可轻信，因为胆热必然有心烦口苦的症状，怎么能反而能安睡呢？如果肝火郁结在胃中，导致倦怠嗜睡，则应当用辛凉透发肝火的药物，如柴胡、薄荷之类，不是酸枣仁所能主管的。）治疗酸痹和久泻。（酸味收涩，香气舒展脾气。）肝胆二经有实邪热盛者，不要使用。炒香后研碎。忌与防己同用。
（蕤仁）又名白蕤。疏散风热，治疗眼疾。
味甘，微寒。疏散风热，调和肝脏，明目，退除翳膜和红赤血络，调理外伤流泪。（凡是眼病在表层的，应当疏散风热；在里层属于肾虚血少、精神劳累的，宜补肾养血安神。）破除心下的凝结痰饮，消除腹中的痞块积气。（这些都是热邪作祟所致。）眼病如果不是因风热引起，而是由于虚证引起的，不要使用。丛生带刺，果实像五味子一样圆扁且有纹路，紫红色可食用。用汤浸泡取仁，去皮尖，水煮过后，研成膏。（蕤仁一两，细辛半两，苦竹叶二把，水二升，煎至一升，滤出汁液，频繁清洗，治疗飞血眼。）
Tonifies the Liver and Gallbladder, astringes sweating, calms the Mind and awakens the Spleen.
Sweet and sour in flavor, moistening in nature. When used raw, it is sour and neutral; it specifically tonifies the Liver and Gallbladder. (Modern practitioners use it exclusively as a medicine for the Heart, which shows a lack of understanding.) When stir-fried until cooked, it becomes sour, warm, and aromatic; it can also awaken the Spleen, assist Yin Qi, strengthen sinews and bones, relieve irritability, and stop thirst. (It astringes Yin and generates body fluids.) It astringes sweat. (*Bencao Jing Shu* states: For those who take exterior-stabilizing herbs but still sweat profusely, using stir-fried and ground Sour Jujube Kernel [Suanzaoren], decocted with Raw Rehmannia Root [Shengdi Huang], White Peony Root [Baishao], Schisandra Berry [Beiwuweizi], Ophiopogon Tuber [Maidong], Longan Aril [Longyan Rou], and Bamboo Leaf [Zhuye] is often effective, because sweat is the fluid of the Heart.] Calms the Mind. (The Heart-Mind is easily agitated, all due to gallbladder timidity; *Neijing* states: "All eleven organs depend on the decision of the Gallbladder.") Treats insomnia caused by Gallbladder deficiency. (In *Wendan Tang*, it may be added. Liver deficiency leads to Gallbladder deficiency; since the Liver does not store the Hun [Ethereal Soul], insomnia occurs; blood fails to return to the Spleen, so sleep is restless. *Jinkui Yaolue* treats deficiency labor with empty irritability and inability to sleep, using Roasted Licorice Root [Zhi Gancao], Anemarrhena Rhizome [Zhimu], Poria [Fuling], and Ligusticum Rhizome [Chuanxiong] each two liang; the Deep Master's Formula adds two liang of Fresh Ginger [Shengjiang]; this is a formula to tonify the Liver. *Neijing* states: "When lying down, blood returns to the Liver." Su Song states: One formula adds one liang of Cinnamon Twig [Guizhi], another uses Sour Jujube Kernel [Suanzaoren] raw to treat inability to sleep, implying raw use treats Gallbladder heat causing excessive sleepiness. This claim is untrustworthy, as Gallbladder heat must present with irritability and bitter taste in the mouth; how could it cause excessive sleepiness? If Liver Fire is constrained in the Stomach, leading to fatigue and drowsiness, one should use pungent-cool herbs to vent Liver Fire, such as Bupleurum Root [Chaihu] and Mint [Bohe], which are not within the purview of Sour Jujube Kernel [Suanzaoren].) Treats acid-type bi-syndrome and chronic diarrhea. (Sour flavor astringes; aroma relaxes the Spleen.) Do not use if there is excess pathogen in the Liver and Gallbladder meridians with heat. Stir-fry until aromatic and grind. Adversely reacts with Stephania Tetrandra [Fangji].
Also known as Bai Rui. Disperses wind and clears heat, treats eye diseases.
Sweet in flavor, slightly cold. Disperses wind and clears heat, harmonizes the Liver, brightens the eyes, reduces nebulae and red vessels, regulates tearing from trauma. (For eye diseases at the exterior level, disperse wind and clear heat; for those at the interior level belonging to Kidney deficiency and blood insufficiency due to mental exhaustion, tonify the Kidney, nourish blood, and calm the Mind.) Breaks up phlegm stagnation under the heart, eliminates abdominal fullness and qi stagnation. (These are all caused by heat pathogens.) Do not use if eye disease is not due to wind-heat, but due to deficiency. Grows in clusters with thorns; fruit resembles Schisandra Berry [Wuweizi], round and flat with patterns, purple-red and edible. Soak in hot water to extract the kernel, remove skin and tips, boil in water, then grind into paste. (One liang of Prunus Persica Kernel [Ruiren], half liang of Asarum Root [Xixin], two handfuls of Bitter Bamboo Leaf [Kuzhuye], two sheng of water, decocted to one sheng, filtered juice, frequently washed, treats flying blood eye [acute conjunctivitis].)