\r仙茅\pq17.bmp\r
补肾壮阳除痼冷。味辛蠲痹理风邪。（仙茅其叶如茅。羊食之遍体化筋。人食此羊。
大能温补精血。可见仙茅之功。补命门。助阳道。其力颇雄。然毕竟辛温有毒之品。用以搜
除下焦风痹痼冷则可。欲服之补阳添精则不可也。仙茅之热毒。能助下焦淫火。伤阴涸液。
致发痈疽消渴强中之患。与桂附之补火益下。其性虽同。但一得其正。一得其偏耳。）
\r白前\pq18a1.bmp\r
藉苦辛以降气行痰。仗微寒而清金除热。（白前其根形似北沙参。色白性寒。故功用
亦相似。专入肺家。长于降气下痰。非肺有壅实者不相宜。不如北沙参之养阴清热。略有补
性耳。）
色紫入肝。气寒散血。行瘀破积。皆因微苦微辛。治痢通经。却又能通能降。（紫参
苦寒之性。略兼辛味。全无补益。只能入肝行血清血。凡血崩血痢。以及痈肿诸疮。胸腹积
聚而有瘀热者。皆可用之。一名牡蒙。五月结实。六月采根。色紫形似丹参。用亦相近。但
丹参性平有甘味。此则寒兼苦辛无甘味耳。）
\r山慈菇\pq18a.bmp\r
杀蛊消痈。有毒而能解毒。行瘀散结。辛寒又带甘寒。（山慈菇辛寒有毒。散泻之
品。只可用以外敷痈肿。然疔疮之证。各有成病之由。当详审用药。虽卒中闭证。亦不可浪
投毒药。以攻击取祸也。即金灯花根如慈菇。惟外科发散药用之为多。服食方内。只玉枢丹
用之。其余不多见也。）
仙茅
补肾壮阳，消除沉寒痼冷。味辛，能祛除痹症，调理风邪。（仙茅的叶子像茅草。羊吃了它，全身肌肉变得柔韧如筋。人吃了这种羊，大能温补精血。由此可见仙茅的功效，在于补益命门（肾阳之本），助长阳气，其力量颇为雄健。然而毕竟它是辛温有毒的药物，用来搜剔清除下焦的风湿痹痛和沉寒痼冷是可以的，想要服用它来补阳添精则不可以。仙茅的热毒，会助长下焦的淫火，损伤阴液，导致发生痈疽、消渴（糖尿病类疾病）、强中（阴茎异常勃起）等病患。与肉桂、附子补火益下的性质虽然相同，但一个得其正，一个得其偏。）
白前
凭借苦辛之性以降气行痰。仗微寒之质而清肺金除热。（白前的根形状类似北沙参，色白性寒，所以功效也相似。专入肺经，擅长降气下痰，如果不是肺气壅实者并不适宜。不如北沙参那样养阴清热，略带补性。）
紫参
色紫入肝经，气寒能散血。行瘀破积，都因为微苦微辛。治疗痢疾，通调月经，又能通又能降。（紫参具有苦寒的性质，略微兼有辛味，完全没有补益作用，只能入肝经行血清血。凡是血崩、血痢，以及痈肿各种疮疡，胸腹积聚而有瘀热的，都可以使用它。又名牡蒙，五月结果实，六月采集根部，色紫形状类似丹参，用法也相近。但丹参性平有甘味，此药则寒兼苦辛，没有甘味。）
山慈菇
杀灭蛊毒，消除痈肿。有毒却又能解毒。行瘀散结，辛寒又带甘寒。（山慈菇辛寒有毒，属于散泻类的药物，只可用于外敷痈肿。然而疔疮这类病症，各有成病的原因，应当详细审察后用药。即使是突然中风的闭证，也不可乱投毒药，以攻击求祸。就像金灯花根也像慈菇，只在外科发散药中使用较多。在服食方剂内，只有玉枢丹用到它，其余不多见。）
Shen Mao (Curculiginis Rhizoma)
Tonifies the Kidney, strengthens Yang, and eliminates chronic cold. Pungent in flavor, it dispels bi-syndrome and regulates wind pathogens. (The leaves of Shen Mao resemble those of common reed. When sheep consume it, their muscles become flexible like sinews. Humans consuming such sheep gain significant warming and tonification of essence and blood. This demonstrates that Shen Mao's efficacy lies in tonifying Mingmen (the root of Kidney Yang) and assisting Yang Qi; its power is quite robust. However, it is ultimately a pungent, warm, and toxic substance. It can be used to search out and eliminate wind-bi and chronic cold in the Lower Jiao, but should not be taken for tonifying Yang and adding essence. The heat and toxicity of Shen Mao can assist the rampant fire in the Lower Jiao, damaging Yin fluids and leading to conditions such as carbuncles, Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst/diabetes), and Qiang Zhong (priapism). Although its nature of supplementing fire and benefiting the lower body is similar to Rou Gui (Cinnamon Bark) and Fu Zi (Aconite Root), one obtains the correct balance while the other obtains a deviation.)
Bai Qian (Cynanchi Stauntonii Rhizoma et Radix)
Relying on bitter and pungent properties to descend Qi and move phlegm. Leveraging slight coldness to clear Lung Metal and remove heat. (The root of Bai Qian resembles Bei Sha Shen (Adenophorae Radix) in shape, is white in color and cold in nature, so its functions are also similar. It specifically enters the Lung Meridian and excels at descending Qi and moving phlegm; it is not suitable for those without Lung Qi stagnation and excess. It differs from Bei Sha Shen, which nourishes Yin and clears heat with a slight tonifying property.)
Zi Can (Pseudostellariae Radix or potentially Salviae Miltiorrhizae var., context suggests a blood-moving herb distinct from Dan Shen)
Purple in color, enters the Liver; cold in nature, disperses blood. Moves stasis and breaks accumulations due to slight bitterness and pungency. Treats dysentery and unblocks menstruation, possessing both draining and descending actions. (Zi Can has bitter-cold properties, slightly combined with pungency, and lacks any tonifying effect. It can only enter the Liver to move and purify blood. It is applicable for bloody leukorrhea, bloody dysentery, as well as carbuncles and various sores where chest and abdominal accumulations exist with blood-stasis and heat. Also known as Mu Meng, it bears fruit in the fifth month and roots are harvested in the sixth. It is purple and resembles Dan Shen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) in shape, with similar usage. However, Dan Shen is neutral in nature with a sweet taste, whereas this herb is cold with bitter and pungent tastes and lacks sweetness.)
Shan Ci Gu (Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus)
Destroys gu-poison (parasitic toxins) and eliminates carbuncles. Toxic yet capable of resolving toxicity. Moves blood stasis and dissipates nodules; pungent and cold, also carrying sweet-cold properties. (Shan Ci Gu is pungent, cold, and toxic, belonging to dispersing and draining substances. It can only be used externally for applying to carbuncles. However, ding-chuang (carbuncles/furuncles) have various causes of onset; medication must be carefully selected after detailed examination. Even in sudden stroke with closed syndrome, toxic drugs should not be recklessly administered to attack and invite disaster. For instance, Jin Deng Hua Gen (Jateorhizae Rhizoma) resembles Shan Ci Gu and is used mostly in external dispersing herbs. In internal consumption formulas, it is found only in Yu Shu Dan (Jade Pivot Pill); otherwise, it is rarely seen.)