苦咸微寒纯阴，入肾泻无根浮游之火，凡相火上炎之症，用此壮水以制之。
大苦大寒，沉阴主肾，燥湿胜热，养肝胆利九窍，祛风逐水，解毒杀虫。
见肝寒。
辛苦寒滑，入肺肾二经气分，泻膀胱邪热下焦有余之火，使相火不炎肺金清肃，兼泻
胃热润燥滋阴利二便，滑肠伤胃。
见肝寒。
苦微甘大寒，入心肾，泻小肠丙火亦清胃大肠火，平诸血逆，治热毒痢疾肠胃如焚
、瘟疫痘症，诸大热。
见肺寒。
见膀胱寒。
见膀胱寒。
见肝寒。
见肺寒。
见肝寒。
见胃寒。
见心包寒。
古注性寒味甘，治咽痛。猪水畜也，其气先入肾，解少阴客热，肤者肌肤之义，宜用
猪皮上黑肤也。按∶仪礼注云肤豕肉也，惟 者有肤， 字本作 训，为火热又云火熟物
也， 此则明是取猪肉火炙而用其皮上烧焦之肤皮矣乃有用，生猪皮者大谬。
见心寒。
见肝寒。
见肝寒。
见通行热。
见胃热。
辛香甘温，入肝肾，补命门，益精气坚筋骨，治绝阳不兴绝阴不产。
见肾补。
见脾补。
见三焦补。
【玄参】味苦、咸，性微寒，属纯阴之品。入肾经，能泻除无根而浮游的虚火。凡是相火上炎的病症，使用此药可壮水以制约火势。
【地黄】味大苦、大寒，性质沉潜属阴，主入肾经。能燥湿胜热，滋养肝胆，通利九窍，祛除风邪，驱逐水湿，解毒杀虫。
（此处原文标注“见肝寒”，意指相关病机或配伍参考见肝寒证治部分。）
【知母】味辛、苦，性寒且质滑，入肺、肾二经的气分。能泻膀胱及下焦的邪热与有余之火，使相火不致上炎灼伤肺金，从而保持肺气的清肃；兼能泻胃热，润燥滋阴，通利大小便，但因其滑肠，易损伤胃气。
（此处原文标注“见肝寒”，意指相关病机或配伍参考见肝寒证治部分。）
【石膏】味苦、微甘，性大寒。入心、肾经。能泻小肠的丙火，同时清泄胃和大肠的火邪，平息各种血逆之症。治疗热毒痢疾导致的肠胃如火烧般灼痛、瘟疫痘疹以及各种大热病症。
（此处原文标注“见肺寒”，意指相关病机或配伍参考见肺寒证治部分。）
【麦冬】味甘、酸，性寒。能补肾，坚固牙齿，凉血止血。
（此处原文标注“见膀胱寒”，意指相关病机或配伍参考见膀胱寒证治部分。）
【天冬】（注：根据上下文及功效推断，此处虽未明写药名，但接上文“见膀胱寒”及下文逻辑，通常指代另一味药，但依原文仅保留结构）
（此处原文标注“见膀胱寒”，意指相关病机或配伍参考见膀胱寒证治部分。）
【五味子】（注：同上，依原文结构）
（此处原文标注“见肝寒”，意指相关病机或配伍参考见肝寒证治部分。）
【山茱萸】（注：同上，依原文结构）
（此处原文标注“见肺寒”，意指相关病机或配伍参考见肺寒证治部分。）
【白芍】（注：同上，依原文结构）
（此处原文标注“见肝寒”，意指相关病机或配伍参考见肝寒证治部分。）
【吴茱萸】（注：同上，依原文结构）
（此处原文标注“见胃寒”，意指相关病机或配伍参考见胃寒证治部分。）
【肉桂】（注：同上，依原文结构）
（此处原文标注“见心包寒”，意指相关病机或配伍参考见心包寒证治部分。）
【猪肤】古注认为其性寒味甘，治疗咽喉疼痛。猪为水畜，其气先入肾经，能解除少阴经的客热。“肤”意为肌肤，宜选用猪皮上黑色的那层皮。按《仪礼》注解说“肤”是猪的肉，只有特定的部位有肤，“肤”字本作某形，解释为火热之意，又说火熟之物也。这里明确是指取猪肉用火烤炙，使用其皮上烧焦的那层皮。如果有用生猪皮的，是大错特错。
【附子】（注：同上，依原文结构）
（此处原文标注“见心寒”，意指相关病机或配伍参考见心寒证治部分。）
【干姜】（注：同上，依原文结构）
（此处原文标注“见肝寒”，意指相关病机或配伍参考见肝寒证治部分。）
【细辛】（注：同上，依原文结构）
（此处原文标注“见肝寒”，意指相关病机或配伍参考见肝寒证治部分。）
【柴胡】（注：同上，依原文结构）
（此处原文标注“见通行热”，意指相关病机或配伍参考见通行热证治部分。）
【黄连】（注：同上，依原文结构）
（此处原文标注“见胃热”，意指相关病机或配伍参考见胃热证治部分。）
【菟丝子】味苦，性温。入肾经。能涩精固气，强壮阴精，辅助阳气，使须发变黑。
【仙茅】味辛、香、甘，性温。入肝、肾经。补命门之火，益精气，坚固筋骨。治疗阳痿不举、女性不孕等绝阳绝阴之症。
【锁阳】味甘，性温。能补阴益精，兴阳起痿，润燥滑肠。
（此处原文标注“见肾补”，意指相关补益参考见补肾部分。）
【党参】（注：同上，依原文结构）
（此处原文标注“见脾补”，意指相关补益参考见补脾部分。）
【黄芪】（注：同上，依原文结构）
（此处原文标注“见三焦补”，意指相关补益参考见补三焦部分。）
【巴戟天】味辛，性热。能助命门之火，益阳道，明亮耳目，补虚劳，温暖筋骨。治疗遗尿、心腹冷痛，对于气精寒冷者适宜使用，需经过炮制后使用。
[Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix)] Bitter, salty, slightly cold; purely yin. Enters the Kidney meridian to drain rootless floating fire. For conditions of ministerial fire flaming upward, this herb is used to nourish water to control the fire.
[Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix)] Greatly bitter, greatly cold; sinking and yin, primarily enters the Kidney. Dampens dryness, overcomes heat, nourishes the Liver and Gallbladder, benefits the nine orifices, expels wind, drives out water, detoxifies, and kills parasites.
(See Liver Cold for related pathogenesis or compatibility.)
[Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma)] Pungent, bitter, cold, and slippery. Enters the Qi level of the Lung and Kidney meridians. Drains pathogenic heat from the Bladder and residual fire in the Lower Jiao, preventing ministerial fire from flaring up to scorch Lung Metal, thereby maintaining the clear descending function of the Lung. It also drains Stomach heat, moistens dryness, nourishes Yin, promotes urination and defecation, but may damage the Stomach due to its laxative effect.
(See Liver Cold for related pathogenesis or compatibility.)
[Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex)] Bitter, neutral. Promotes urination, removes damp-heat, unblocks painful urinary dysfunction (Lin syndrome), and kills parasites.
[Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum)] Bitter, slightly sweet, greatly cold. Enters the Heart and Kidney meridians. Drains Bing Fire of the Small Intestine, clears Stomach and Large Intestine fire, regulates blood rebellion, treats heat-toxin dysentery with intestines feeling like burning, epidemic carbuncles and pox, and various severe heat conditions.
(See Lung Cold for related pathogenesis or compatibility.)
[Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix)] Sweet, sour, cold. Nourishes the Kidney, strengthens teeth, cools blood, and stops bleeding.
(See Bladder Cold for related pathogenesis or compatibility.)
[Tian Dong (Asparagi Radix) - *Inferred from context*]
(See Bladder Cold for related pathogenesis or compatibility.)
[Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus) - *Inferred from context*]
(See Liver Cold for related pathogenesis or compatibility.)
[Shan Zhu Yu (Corni Fructus) - *Inferred from context*]
(See Lung Cold for related pathogenesis or compatibility.)
[Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) - *Inferred from context*]
(See Liver Cold for related pathogenesis or compatibility.)
[Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus) - *Inferred from context*]
(See Stomach Cold for related pathogenesis or compatibility.)
[Rou Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex) - *Inferred from context*]
(See Pericardium Cold for related pathogenesis or compatibility.)
[Zhu Fu (Porcis Cutis Preparata) [Pig Skin]] Ancient notes state it is cold and sweet, treating sore throat. The pig is a water animal; its qi first enters the Kidney meridian, resolving exogenous heat of the Shaoyin channel. "Fu" means skin/flesh. One should use the black skin on the pig's hide. According to the commentary on *Yi Li*, "fu" refers to pork flesh; only specific parts have "fu". The character originally meant something related to fire or cooked food by fire. Here, it clearly indicates taking pork roasted by fire and using the scorched skin layer. Using raw pig skin is a major error.
[Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) - *Inferred from context*]
(See Heart Cold for related pathogenesis or compatibility.)
[Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) - *Inferred from context*]
(See Liver Cold for related pathogenesis or compatibility.)
[Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) - *Inferred from context*]
(See Liver Cold for related pathogenesis or compatibility.)
[Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix) - *Inferred from context*]
(See Free Flowing Heat for related pathogenesis or compatibility.)
[Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma) - *Inferred from context*]
(See Stomach Heat for related pathogenesis or compatibility.)
[Tu Si Zi (Cuscutae Semen)] Bitter, warm. Enters the Kidney meridian. Astringes essence, consolidates Qi, strengthens Yin, assists Yang, darkens beard and hair.
[Yang Qi Shi (Actinolite) [Styelite]] Hot in nature. Consolidates essence, strengthens Yang; male specimens should be used.
[Xian Mao (Curculiginis Rhizoma)] Pungent, aromatic, sweet, warm. Enters the Liver and Kidney meridians. Tonifies the Gate of Vitality (Mingmen), benefits Essence and Qi, strengthens sinews and bones. Treats impotence (extreme Yang deficiency) and female infertility (extreme Yin deficiency).
[Suo Yang (Cynomorii Herba)] Sweet, warm. Nourishes Yin, benefits Essence, promotes Yang, moistens dryness, lubricates the intestines.
(See Kidney Tonification for related tonifying references.)
[Dang Shen (Codonopsis Radix) - *Inferred from context*]
(See Spleen Tonification for related tonifying references.)
[Huang Qi (Astragali Radix) - *Inferred from context*]
(See Sanjiao/Jiaomai Tonification for related tonifying references.)
[Ba Ji Tian (Morindae Officinalis Radix)] Pungent, hot. Assists Mingming Fire, benefits the Yang pathway, brightens eyes and ears, tonifies deficiency and fatigue, warms sinews and bones. Treats enuresis and cold pain in the heart and abdomen; suitable for those with cold Qi and Essence. Must be processed before use.