无毒附水中苔 丽生
船底苔治鼻洪吐血淋疾以炙甘草并豉汁浓煎汤旋呷又主五淋取一团鸭子大煮服之○水中
细苔主天行病心闷捣绞汁服（名医所录）【苗】谨按旧船之底浸渍日久得水土之气积袭而生
也
【时】（生）无时（采）无时【收】阴干【用】苔【色】青绿【味】淡【性】冷泄【气】气
之薄
者阳中之阴【主】诸淋【治】（疗）（别录云）治乳石发动小便淋涩不通心神闷乱者以船度苔
如
半鸡子大以水一盏煎至五分去滓温服日三四服○水中苔治小儿赤游行于体上下至心即死捣末
敷之
无毒 丛生
红豆蔻主肠虚水泻心腹搅痛霍乱呕吐酸水解酒毒（名医所录）【苗】（图经曰）其苗如芦
高
一二尺叶似姜花作穗嫩叶卷而生微带红色其结实如豆而红即高良姜子也【地】（图经曰）出
南
海诸国【时】（生）春生苗（采）秋取实【收】曝干【用】实【质】类益智而赤小【色】红
【味】
辛【性】温散【气】气之浓者阳也【臭】香【主】冷气腹痛【治】（疗）（药性论云）消瘴雾
气
毒去宿食温腹肠吐泻痢疾【禁】多服令人舌粗不思饮食【解】酒毒
无毒 丛生
莳萝主小儿气胀霍乱呕逆腹冷食不下两肋痞满（名医所录）【名】慈谋勒【苗】（图经曰）
三月四月生苗花实大类蛇床而香辛今人多以和五味不闻入药用善滋食味多食无损若与阿魏同
合夺其味耳【地】（图经曰）出佛誓国今岭南及近道皆有之【时】（生）春生苗（采）六月七
月取
实【收】曝干【用】实【质】类马芹子而轻【色】青褐【味】辛【性】温散【气】气之浓者
阳也【臭】香【主】健脾开胃气【制】水洗微炒用【治】（疗）（日华子云）温肠治肾气（别
录
云）治膈气消食温胃（补）（日华子云）益水脏壮筋骨【解】杀鱼肉毒
无毒。附生于水中的苔藓。丛生。
船底苔：治疗鼻出血、吐血及淋证。用炙甘草与豆豉汁浓煎成汤，随即小口啜饮。又主治五种淋证，取一团如鸭子大小者煮服。
水中细苔：主治时行病（流行性疾病）所致的心胸烦闷，捣碎绞取汁液服用。（名医所录）【苗】谨按旧说，船底苔因长期浸泡在水中，汲取水土之气积聚而生。
【时】（生长）无固定时节，（采收）无固定时节。【收】阴干。【用】苔藓本体。【色】青绿色。【味】淡。【性】冷泄。【气】属于气之薄者，为阳中之阴。【主】各种淋证。【治】（疗）《别录》记载：治疗乳石发动引起的小便淋涩不通、心神烦乱者，取船底苔如半个鸡蛋大小，用水一盏煎至五分，去渣温服，每日三到四次。○水中苔：治疗小儿赤游丹（一种急性皮肤感染），发于身体上下，若蔓延至心脏部位即致死，将其捣成末敷贴患处。
无毒。丛生。
红豆蔻：主治肠虚水泻、心腹绞痛、霍乱呕吐，可用酸水解酒毒。（名医所录）【苗】《图经》记载：其苗像芦苇，高一二尺，叶似姜，花呈穗状，嫩叶卷曲而生，微带红色。其果实像豆子但呈红色，就是高良姜子。【地】《图经》记载：出产于南海各国。【时】（生长）春季生苗，（采收）秋季采实。【收】曝晒干燥。【用】果实。【质】类似益智仁但较小且红。【色】红色。【味】辛。【性】温散。【气】属于气之浓者，为阳。【臭】香。【主】冷气腹痛。【治】（疗）《药性论》记载：消除瘴雾气毒，去除宿食，温暖腹肠，治疗吐泻痢疾。【禁】多服使人舌体粗糙，不思饮食。【解】酒毒。
无毒。丛生。
莳萝：主治小儿气胀、霍乱呕逆、腹部寒冷、食欲不振、两肋痞满。（名医所录）【名】慈谋勒。【苗】《图经》记载：三月四月生苗，花和果实大类蛇床子，气味香辛。如今人们多用来调和五味，未闻入药使用，善于滋补食物味道，多吃无损，若与阿魏同用则会夺去其味道。【地】《图经》记载：出产自佛誓国，如今岭南及邻近道路都有。【时】（生长）春季生苗，（采收）六月七月采实。【收】曝晒干燥。【用】果实。【质】类似马芹子但较轻。【色】青褐色。【味】辛。【性】温散。【气】属于气之浓者，为阳。【臭】香。【主】健脾开胃气。【制】水洗后微炒使用。【治】（疗）《日华子》记载：温暖肠道，治疗肾气。《别录》记载：治疗膈气，消食，温胃。（补）《日华子》记载：益水脏，壮筋骨。【解】杀鱼肉毒。
Non-toxic. Mosses attached to water, growing in clusters.
Moss from the bottom of boats: Treats epistaxis (nosebleed), hematemesis (vomiting blood), and Lin syndrome (dysuria). Decoct thickly with roasted Licorice Root (Zhi Gancao) and fermented soybean juice (Chi Zhi), then sip slowly. Also treats five types of Lin syndrome; take a mass the size of a duck egg and boil for consumption.
Fine moss in water: Treats chest oppression caused by epidemic febrile diseases (Tian Xing Bing); crush, extract juice, and administer. (Recorded by famous physicians.) [Seedling] According to old records, boat-bottom moss grows by accumulating Qi from water and soil due to long-term immersion.
[Season] (Growth) No fixed season; (Harvest) No fixed season. [Processing] Dried in shade. [Part Used] The moss itself. [Color] Bluish-green. [Flavor] Bland. [Nature] Cold and draining. [Qi] Thin Qi, Yin within Yang. [Indication] Various Lin syndromes. [Treatment] (Therapy) *Bie Lu* states: Treats dysuria with difficulty and pain, accompanied by mental restlessness, caused by the activation of mineral drugs (Ru Shi). Take boat-bottom moss the size of half an egg, decoct in one cup of water until reduced to half, strain, and take warm. Administer three to four times daily. ○ Fine moss in water: Treats erysipelas (Chi You Dan) in children, spreading over the body; if it reaches the heart, death ensues. Crush into powder and apply externally.
Non-toxic. Growing in clusters.
Red cardamom (Hong Dou Kou): Treats intestinal deficiency with watery diarrhea, abdominal cramping pain, cholera-like vomiting, and can resolve alcohol toxicity using sour liquid. (Recorded by famous physicians.) [Seedling] *Tu Jing* states: Its seedlings resemble reeds, one or two chi high; leaves resemble ginger; flowers form spikes; young leaves grow curled and slightly red. The fruit resembles beans but is red; it is the same as Galangal Fruit (Gao Liang Jiang Zi). [Location] *Tu Jing* states: Produced in various countries of the South Sea. [Season] (Growth) Seedlings emerge in spring; (Harvest) Fruits harvested in autumn. [Processing] Sun-dried. [Part Used] Fruit. [Texture] Similar to Alpinia Oxyphylla (Yi Zhi Ren) but smaller and red. [Color] Red. [Flavor] Acrid. [Nature] Warm and dispersing. [Qi] Thick Qi, Yang. [Odor] Fragrant. [Indication] Abdominal pain due to cold qi. [Treatment] (Therapy) *Yao Xing Lun* states: Eliminates miasmic toxic qi, removes retained food, warms the abdomen and intestines, treats vomiting, diarrhea, and dysentery. [Contraindication] Excessive consumption causes roughness of the tongue and loss of appetite. [Antidote] Resolves alcohol toxicity.
Non-toxic. Growing in clusters.
Dill (Shi Luo): Treats infantile abdominal distension due to Qi stagnation, cholera-like vomiting and regurgitation, cold abdomen, poor appetite, and fullness/stuffiness in both hypochondria. (Recorded by famous physicians.) [Name] Ci Mou Le. [Seedling] *Tu Jing* states: Seedlings emerge in March and April; flowers and fruits are similar in large shape to Cnidium Fruit (She Chuang Zi) and are acrid and fragrant. Nowadays, people mostly use it to harmonize the five flavors; it is not commonly recorded for medicinal use. It is good at enhancing the taste of food; excessive consumption does no harm. However, if combined with Asafoetida (A Wei), it loses its flavor. [Location] *Tu Jing* states: Produced in Fo Shi Guo (Sri Lanka/India region); now found in Lingnan and nearby regions. [Season] (Growth) Seedlings emerge in spring; (Harvest) Fruits harvested in June and July. [Processing] Sun-dried. [Part Used] Fruit. [Texture] Similar to Apium graveolens seeds (Ma Qin Zi) but lighter. [Color] Bluish-brown. [Flavor] Acrid. [Nature] Warm and dispersing. [Qi] Thick Qi, Yang. [Odor] Fragrant. [Indication] Strengthens spleen, opens stomach, regulates Qi. [Preparation] Wash with water, stir-fry lightly before use. [Treatment] (Therapy) *Ri Hua Zi* states: Warms intestines, treats Kidney Qi. *Bie Lu* states: Treats diaphragmatic Qi stagnation, promotes digestion, warms the stomach. (Tonification) *Ri Hua Zi* states: Benefits the Water Organ (Kidney), strengthens sinews and bones. [Antidote] Neutralizes fish and meat toxicity.