\r白杨\ph369.bmp\r，旧不载所出州土，今处处有之，北土尤多。人种于墟墓间。株
大，叶圆如梨，皮白，
木似杨，故名白杨。采其皮，无时。此下又有水杨条，经云∶叶圆阔而赤，枝条短梗，多生
水岸旁，其形与杨柳相似，以生水岸，故名水杨。（《尔雅》所谓旄，泽柳。其云生水旁，
形如杨柳，即今蒲杨是也。杨柳之类亦多。崔豹《古今注》曰∶白杨叶圆，青杨叶长，柳
叶亦长细， （时题切）杨圆叶弱蒂，微风则大摇，一名高飞，一曰独摇。蒲柳生水边，叶
似
青杨，亦曰蒲杨，亦曰 柳，亦曰蒲 焉。水杨即蒲杨也，枝茎劲韧（音刃），作矢用。又
有
赤杨，霜降叶赤，材理亦赤也，然令人鲜能分别之。余并见柳华条。《必效方》∶疗腹满癖坚
如石，积年不损者，取白杨木东南枝，去苍皮，护风细锉五升，熬令黄，以酒五升淋讫，即
以绢袋盛滓还，内酒中，密封再宿，每服一合，日三。
\r栾荆\ph371.bmp\r，旧不着所出州郡，今生东海及淄州、汾州。性温，味苦，有小
毒。苗叶主大风，头面
手足诸风，癫狂痉，痹冷病。苏恭云∶茎叶都似石南，干亦自反，经冬不凋，叶上有细黑点
者真也。今诸郡所上者，枝茎白；叶小圆而青色，颇似榆叶而长，冬夏不枯；六月开花，花
有紫、白二种；子似大麻。四月采苗叶，八月采子。与地沥青同熬，涂驼畜疮疥，或淋渫药中
用之。亦名顽荆。
白杨，旧籍中未记载其产地，如今到处都有，北方尤其多。人们将其种植在坟墓之间。树干高大，叶子圆形像梨叶，树皮白色，木质类似杨树，所以叫白杨。采集它的树皮，随时都可以进行。此下又有水杨条目，经书中说：叶子圆而宽大且带红色，枝条短梗，多生长在水岸边，形状与杨柳相似，因为生长在水岸旁，所以名叫水杨。（《尔雅》所说的“旄”，即泽柳。文中说生长在水边，形状像杨柳，就是现在的蒲杨。杨柳这类植物也很多。崔豹的《古今注》说：白杨叶圆，青杨叶长，柳叶也细长，（音同“时题切”）杨树叶圆，叶蒂柔弱，微风一吹就大幅摇动，又名高飞，又称独摇。蒲柳生长在水边，叶子像青杨，也称蒲杨，也称柳，也称蒲焉。水杨就是蒲杨，枝茎坚韧（音同“刃”），可用来制作箭矢。还有赤杨，霜降后叶子变红，木材纹理也是红色的，然而人们很少能区分它们。其余内容并见柳华条。《必效方》：治疗腹部胀满、癖块坚硬如石，多年不消退者，取白杨木东南方向的枝条，去掉粗皮，切碎成细丝五升，炒至黄色，用酒五升淋浇完毕，随即用绢袋盛装药渣，放回酒中，密封放置两个晚上，每次服用一合，每日三次。
栾荆，旧籍未注明出产州郡，现在产于东海及淄州、汾州。性温，味苦，有小毒。苗叶主治大风病，头面手足各种风症，癫狂痉挛，痹冷病。苏恭说：茎叶都像石南，树干也弯曲，经冬不落叶，叶上有细小黑点的才是真品。如今各地上贡的栾荆，枝茎白色；叶子小圆而青色，很像榆叶但较长，冬夏不枯；六月开花，花有紫、白两种；果实像大麻。四月采集苗叶，八月采集果实。与地沥青一同熬制，涂抹驼马牲畜的疮疥，或加入淋洗药物中使用。也名叫顽荆。
Baiyang (Populus alba), not recorded in old texts regarding its origin, is now found everywhere, especially abundant in the northern regions. People plant it among graves and tombs. The trunk is large, leaves are round like pear leaves, bark is white, wood resembles that of poplar, hence named Baiyang (White Poplar). Its bark can be harvested at any time. Below this entry is the item on Shuiyang (Salix matsudana), where the classic states: Leaves are round, broad, and reddish; branches have short petioles; grows mostly by water banks; shape similar to willow, hence named Shuiyang because it grows by the water bank. (What "Erya" refers to as Mao is Ze Liu [Marsh Willow]. It says it grows by the water, shape like willow, which is today's Puyang. There are many types of willows. Cui Bao's "Gujin Zhu" states: Baiyang leaves are round, Qingyang leaves are long, willow leaves are also slender and long. Yang leaves are round with weak petioles, shaking greatly in a breeze, also called Gaofei or Duyao. Puliu grows by the water, leaves resemble Qingyang, also called Puyang, also called Liu, also called Pu Yan. Shuiyang is Puyang; stems are tough, used for making arrows. There is also Chiyang (Alnus japonica); after frost, leaves turn red, wood grain is also red, yet people rarely distinguish them. See Liu Hua entry for others. "Bixiao Fang": Treats abdominal fullness and hard masses like stone, persisting for years without diminishing. Take southeast branches of Baiyang wood, remove coarse bark, cut finely into five sheng, stir-fry until yellow, pour five sheng of wine over it, then place the dregs back into the wine using a silk bag, seal tightly, leave for two nights. Take one ge per dose, three times daily.
Shuiyang Ye (Leaves of Salix matsudana), textual description is under the Baiyang entry.
Luanjing (Cotinus coggygria), old texts do not specify its origin provinces, currently produced in Donghai, Mizhou, and Fenzhou. Nature is warm, taste is bitter, slightly toxic. Seedlings and leaves treat severe wind diseases, various wind syndromes of head, face, hands, and feet, epilepsy, mania, spasms, and bi-cold syndromes. Su Gong states: Stems and leaves resemble Shinan (Pyrrosia lingua), trunk also bends, does not shed leaves in winter, true specimens have fine black spots on leaves. Those submitted from various prefectures today have white stems; leaves are small, round, and green, resembling elm leaves but longer, not withering in winter or summer; flowers in June, flowers come in purple and white varieties; fruits resemble hemp seeds. Harvest seedlings and leaves in April, fruits in August. Boil together with asphalt, apply to sores and scabies on camels and horses, or use in washing decoctions. Also named Wanjing.