\r蛇床子\ph137.bmp\r，生临淄川谷及田野，今处处有之，而扬州、襄州者胜。三月
生苗，高三、二尺；叶
青碎，作丛似蒿枝；每枝上有花头百余，结同一窠，似马芹类；四、五月开白花，又似散水
；子黄褐色，如黍米，至轻虚。五月采实，阴干。《尔雅》谓之盱，一名虺床。
\r漏芦\ph138.bmp\r，生乔山山谷，今京东州郡及秦海州皆有之。旧说茎叶似白蒿，
有荚，花黄生荚端，茎
若箸大；其子作房，类油麻房而小，七、八月后皆黑，异于众草。今诸郡所图上，惟单州者
差相类。沂州者花叶颇似牡丹。秦州者花似单叶寒菊，紫色，五、七枝同一秆上；海州者花
紫碧，如单叶莲花，花萼下及根旁有白茸裹之。根黑色，如蔓菁而细，又类葱本，淮甸人呼
为老翁花。三州所生花虽别，而叶颇相类，但秦、海州者，叶更作锯齿状耳。一物而殊类若
此，医家何所适从，当依旧说，以单州出者为胜。六月、七月采茎苗，日干。八月采根，阴
干。南方用苗，北土多用根。又此下有飞廉条云∶生河内川泽，一名漏芦。与苦芙（乌老切）
相类，惟叶下附茎，有皮起似箭羽，又多刻缺，花紫色，生平泽。又有一种生山岗上，叶颇
相似，而无疏缺，且多毛，茎亦无羽，根直下，更旁枝生，则肉白皮黑，中有黑脉，日干则
黑如玄参。《经》云∶七月、八月采花，阴干用。苏恭云∶用茎叶及疗疳蚀杀虫有验；据此
所说，与秦州、海州所谓漏芦者，花叶及根颇相近，然彼人但谓之漏芦。今医家罕有用飞廉
者，既未的识，故不复分别，但附其说于下。
蛇床子，生长在临淄的川谷和田野中，现在各地都有出产，但扬州和襄州产的质量最好。三月生出苗株，高三、二尺；叶子青色且细碎，成丛生长像蒿枝；每枝上有花头一百多个，结在同一果壳里，类似马芹类植物；四、五月开白花，又有点像散水（一种植物）；种子黄褐色，像黍米一样，非常轻虚。五月采集果实，阴干。《尔雅》称它为盱，又名虺床。
漏芦，生长在乔山山谷，现在京东各州郡以及秦州、海州都有出产。旧说认为它的茎叶像白蒿，有荚，花黄色生在荚端，茎像筷子那么粗；它的种子结成房状，类似油麻房但较小，七、八月后都变黑，不同于其他杂草。现在各地上交的图样中，只有单州的比较相像。沂州的开花和叶子很像牡丹。秦州的开花像单瓣寒菊，紫色，五、七枝花长在同一根茎上；海州的开花紫碧色，像单瓣莲花，花萼下及根部旁边有白色茸毛包裹着。根黑色，像蔓菁但更细，又像葱的本部，淮甸人叫它老翁花。这三个州所产的花虽然不同，但叶子很相似，只是秦州、海州的叶子边缘呈锯齿状罢了。同一种东西差异如此之大，医家该以哪个为准呢？应当依从旧说，以单州出产的为优。六月、七月采集茎叶，晒干。八月采集根，阴干。南方多用苗，北方多用根。另外在此之下有飞廉条目说：生长在河内川泽，一名漏芦。与苦芙（乌老切）相似，只是叶子下面贴着茎，有皮突起像箭羽，又多刻缺，花紫色，生长在水边平地。又有一种生长在山岗上，叶子颇相似，但没有疏缺，而且多毛，茎也没有羽状结构，根直向下生，旁边还分枝，肉质白皮黑，中间有黑脉，晒干后黑得像玄参。《本草经》说：七月、八月采集花，阴干使用。苏恭说：用茎叶治疗疳蚀杀虫有效；根据上述所说，与秦州、海州所说的漏芦，花叶及根颇相近，然而当地人只叫它漏芦。现在医家很少有用飞廉的，既然不能确切识别，所以不再分别，只是把它的说法附在下面。
SHECHUANGZI (Cnidii Fructus), grows in the valleys and fields of Linzi. It is now found everywhere, but those from Yangzhou and Xiangzhou are superior. In March, seedlings emerge, three or two chi high; the leaves are green and finely divided, growing in clumps resembling Artemisia branches; each branch bears over a hundred flower heads, forming a single cluster, similar to Apium graveolens var. segetum; in April and May, white flowers bloom, resembling San Shui (a plant); the seeds are yellowish-brown, like Setaria italica grains, very light and hollow. The fruits are harvested in May and dried in the shade. *Erya* calls it Xu, also known as Huichuang.
LOULU (Rhizoma Echinopsidis), grows in the valleys of Qiao Mountain. It is now found in the prefectures east of the Yellow River, as well as in Qinzhou and Haizhou. Old texts state that its stems and leaves resemble Bai Hao (Artemisia lavandulaefolia), with pods; the yellow flowers grow at the tip of the pods; the stem is as thick as a chopstick; its seeds form capsules, similar to Sesamum indicum capsules but smaller, turning black after July and August, distinct from other herbs. Among the illustrations submitted by various prefectures today, only those from Danzhou are somewhat similar. Those from Yizhou have flowers and leaves quite resembling Paeonia suffruticosa. Those from Qinzhou have flowers resembling single-petal Chrysanthemum indicum, purple, with five to seven flowers on one stalk; those from Haizhou have purple-green flowers resembling single-petal lotus, with white down wrapping the calyx base and root vicinity. The root is black, thinner than Brassica rapa, and resembles Allium fistulosum base; people in Huaidian call it Laowenghua. Although the flowers produced in these three prefectures differ, the leaves are quite similar, except that those from Qinzhou and Haizhou have serrated leaf margins. Such diversity within one substance poses a dilemma for physicians regarding which to adopt. One should follow the old theory, considering the Danzhou origin as superior. Stems and leaves are harvested in June and July and sun-dried. Roots are harvested in August and dried in the shade. The south uses the aerial parts, while the north mostly uses the roots. Below this entry, there is an item on Feilian: Grows in the rivers and marshes of Henei, also named Loulu. It resembles Kufu (pronounced Wu-lao-qie), differing mainly in that the leaves attach closely to the stem, with skin protruding like arrow feathers, and are deeply incised; flowers are purple, growing in flat wetlands. Another variety grows on hillsides; its leaves are somewhat similar but lack deep incisions and are more hairy; the stem lacks feather-like structures; the root grows straight down with lateral branches; the flesh is white and skin black, with black veins inside; when sun-dried, it turns black like Scrophulariae Radix (Xuanshen). The *Classic of Materia Medica* states: Harvest flowers in July and August, dry in the shade. Su Gong stated: Using stems and leaves to treat gan erosion and kill parasites has proven effective; based on this description, it is quite similar to the Loulu described from Qinzhou and Haizhou in terms of flowers, leaves, and roots, yet locals there simply call it Loulu. Currently, physicians rarely use Feilian; since it cannot be definitively identified, no further distinction is made, and its description is appended below.