鸢尾，文具射干条下。
\r贯众\ph245.bmp\r，生玄山山谷及冤句少室山，今陕西、河东州郡及荆、襄间多有
之。而少有花者，春生
，苗赤；叶大如蕨，茎秆三棱，叶绿色似小鸡翎，又名凤尾草；根紫黑色，形如大瓜，下有
黑须毛，又似老鸱。《尔雅》云∶泺（舒若切），贯众。郭璞注云∶叶圆锐，茎毛黑，布地，
冬不死，《广雅》谓之贯节是也。三月采根，晒干。荆南人取根为末，水调服一钱匕，止鼻
血有效。
\r半夏\ph246.bmp\r，生槐里川谷，今在处有之，以齐州者为佳。二月生苗，一茎，
茎端出三叶，浅绿色，
颇似竹叶而光，江南者似芍药叶；根下相重生，上大下小，皮黄肉白；五月、八月内采根，
以灰 二日，汤洗曝干。一云∶五月采者虚小，八月采者实大，然以圆白陈久者为佳。其平
泽生者甚小，名羊眼半夏。又由跋绝类半夏，而苗高近一、二尺许，根如鸡卵，大多生林下
，或云即虎掌之小者，足以相乱。半夏主胃冷呕哕，方药之最要。张仲景治反胃呕吐，大半
夏汤。半夏三升，人参三两
，白蜜一升，以水一斗二升，和扬之一百四十遍，煮取三升半，温服一升，日再。亦治膈间
支饮。又主呕哕，谷不得下，眩悸，半夏加茯苓汤。半夏一升，生姜半斤，茯苓三两，切，
以水七升，煎取一升半，分温服之。又主心下悸，半夏麻黄丸，二物等分，筛末，蜜丸，大
如小豆，每服三丸，日三。其余主寒厥，赤风，四逆，呕吐。附子粳米汤，及伤寒方。用半
夏一升，洗去滑，焙干，捣末，小麦面一升，合和，以水搜令熟，丸如弹丸，以水煮令面熟
，则药成。初吞四、五枚，日二稍稍增至十五枚，旋煮旋服，觉病减，欲更重合亦佳。禁食
饧与羊肉。
鸢尾，相关内容已收录在“射干”条目之下。
贯众，生长在玄山山谷以及冤句、少室山等地，如今陕西、河东各州郡以及荆州、襄阳一带多有生长。这种植物很少开花，春季发芽时，苗茎呈红色；叶片宽大如同蕨类，茎秆呈三棱形，叶片绿色类似小鸡的羽毛，又名凤尾草；根部呈紫黑色，形状像大瓜，下方有黑色的须毛，又像是老猫头鹰。《尔雅》中说：泺（音舒），即贯众。郭璞注释说：叶片圆而尖锐，茎上有黑毛，贴地生长，冬季不枯死，《广雅》称之为贯节，指的就是它。三月采集根部，晒干。荆南地区的人将根研成粉末，用水调服一钱匕大小，对止鼻血有效。
半夏，生长在槐里的川谷地带，如今各地都有生长，以齐州出产的为佳。二月生苗，一根茎，茎端长出三片叶子，浅绿色，很像竹叶但有光泽，江南产的类似芍药叶；根部向下层层重叠生长，上大下小，外皮黄色，肉质白色；五月或八月内采集根部，用灰汁浸泡两天，再用热水清洗后晒干。另一种说法是：五月采集的半夏虚小，八月采集的充实肥大，但以圆润洁白且存放久者为佳。生长在低湿平地的半夏非常小，名叫羊眼半夏。又有由跋，外形极像半夏，但苗高约一二尺，根像鸡蛋，大多生长在林下，有人说它就是虎掌的幼小者，足以造成混淆。半夏主治胃寒引起的呕吐呃逆，是方药中最常用的药材之一。张仲景治疗反胃呕吐，使用大半夏汤。半夏三升，人参三两，白蜜一升，加水一斗二升，搅拌一百四十遍，煮取三升半，温服一升，每日两次。也治疗膈间支饮。又主治呕吐呃逆，食物无法下行，头晕心悸，使用半夏加茯苓汤。半夏一升，生姜半斤，茯苓三两，切碎，加水七升，煎取一升半，分次温服。又主治心下悸动，使用半夏麻黄丸，两味药等量，研成细末，蜂蜜和丸，如小豆大小，每次服三丸，每日三次。其余主治寒厥、赤风、四逆、呕吐等症。附子粳米汤，属于伤寒方剂。用半夏一升，洗去滑腻，焙干，捣成粉末，小麦面一升，混合均匀，用水揉搓至熟，制成如弹丸大小的药丸，用水煮至面熟，则药成。初服四五枚，每日两次，逐渐增加至十五枚，边煮边服，感觉病情减轻，想再次合服也很好。禁止食用饴糖和羊肉。
Iris (Iridis Tuber), the relevant content is recorded under the entry for Belamcanda Rhizome (Shé Gān).
Cyrtomii Rhizoma (Guàn Zhòng) grows in the valleys of Xuan Mountain, as well as Yuanju and Shaoshi Mountain. It is currently abundant in various prefectures of Shaanxi and Hedong, as well as between Jingzhou and Xiangyang. This plant rarely flowers; when sprouting in spring, the seedlings are red. The leaves are broad like ferns, the stems are triangular, and the green leaves resemble the feathers of a chick, hence also known as Phoenix Tail Grass. The rhizomes are purplish-black, shaped like large melons, with black rootlets underneath, resembling an old owl. *Erya* states: "Luo (pronounced Shu), is Guan Zhong." Guo Pu's annotation says: "The leaves are round and acute, the stems have black hairs, it spreads on the ground, and does not die in winter." This is what *Guangya* refers to as Guan Jie. The roots are harvested in March and sun-dried. People in Jingnan take the root powder, mix it with water, and administer one Qianbi dose; it is effective for stopping epistaxis (nosebleed).
Pinelliae Rhizoma (Bàn Xià) grows in the river valleys of Huaili and is now found everywhere, with those from Qizhou being considered the best. Seedlings emerge in February, with a single stem bearing three leaves at the tip. The leaves are pale green, somewhat resembling bamboo leaves but glossy; those from Jiangnan resemble Peony leaves. The rhizomes grow in overlapping layers downwards, larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, with yellow skin and white flesh. The roots are harvested within May or August, soaked in ash lye for two days, washed with hot water, and then sun-dried. Another view holds that rhizomes harvested in May are hollow and small, while those harvested in August are solid and large; however, those that are round, white, and aged are considered superior. Those growing in flat, marshy areas are very small and are called Sheep-Eye Pinellia (Yáng Yǎn Bàn Xià). There is also Youba, which closely resembles Pinellia but has taller seedlings, about one to two chi high, with roots like chicken eggs, mostly growing under forests. Some say it is simply the juvenile form of Arisaema Rhizome (Hǔ Zhǎng), which can easily cause confusion. Pinelliae Rhizoma primarily treats cold-stomach vomiting and hiccups, being one of the most essential herbs in prescriptions. Zhang Zhongjing used Banxia Banxia Decoction (Dà Bàn Xià Tāng) to treat retrograde vomiting. Pinelliae Rhizoma 3 Sheng, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Rén Shēn) 3 Liang, White Honey (Bái Mì) 1 Sheng, mixed with 12 Dou of water, stirred 140 times, boiled down to 3.5 Sheng, taken warm, 1 Sheng per dose, twice daily. It also treats fluid retention in the chest diaphragm. Furthermore, it treats vomiting, hiccups, inability to swallow food, dizziness, and palpitations using Banxia Plus Poria Decoction (Bàn Xià Jiā Fú Líng Tāng). Pinelliae Rhizoma 1 Sheng, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shēng Jiāng) 0.5 Jin, Poria (Fú Líng) 3 Liang, sliced, boiled with 7 Sheng of water to obtain 1.5 Sheng, taken warm in divided doses. It also treats palpitations below the heart using Banellia and Ephedra Pills (Bàn Xià Má Huáng Wán), made from equal parts of the two herbs, powdered, honey-pilled, sized like small beans, 3 pills per dose, three times daily. Other indications include cold extremities, red wind, Si Ni syndrome, and vomiting. For these, Aconite and Coicis Decoction (Fù Zǐ Jīng Mǐ Tāng), a formula from Treatise on Cold Damage, is used. Take Pinelliae Rhizoma 1 Sheng, wash away the slippery mucus, bake dry, and powder it. Mix with 1 Sheng of Wheat Flour (Xiǎo Mài Miàn), knead with water until cooked, and form into pills the size of marbles. Boil in water until the flour is cooked, then the medicine is ready. Initially swallow four or five pills, twice daily, gradually increasing to fifteen pills. Cook and consume immediately; if symptoms alleviate, re-administration is also beneficial. Avoid consuming maltose syrup and mutton.