一名金沸草
泻、下气，消痰
咸能软坚，苦辛能下气行水，温能通血脉。入肺、大肠经。消痰结坚痞，唾如胶漆，噫
气不除（噫，于介切，俗作嗳。胸中气不畅，故嗳以通之，属不足。亦有挟痰挟火者，属有
余。仲景治汗、吐、下后，痞硬噫气，有代赭旋复汤），大肠水肿，去头目风。然走散之药，
冷利大肠，虚者慎用。
类金钱菊，去皮带蕊壳蒸用，根能续筋（筋断者，捣汁滴伤处，用滓敷其上，半月不开
，筋自续矣）。
润肺，杀虫
甘苦微温。能润肺，治肺热咳嗽（苦能泻热）。有小毒，杀蛔、蛲、蝇、虱，一切树木
蛀虫（触烟即死）。
治骨蒸传尸，疳积疥癣（皆有虫。时珍曰∶百部亦天冬之类，故皆治肺而杀虫，但天冬
寒，热嗽宜之；百部温，寒嗽宜之）。
根多成百故名。取肥实者，竹刀劈去心皮，酒浸焙用。
宣通气血，泻火散寒，载药上浮
苦辛而平。色白属金，入肺（气分）泻热，兼入手少阴心、足阳明胃经。开提气血，表
散寒邪，清利头目咽喉，开胸膈滞气。
凡痰壅喘促、鼻塞（肺气不利）目赤、喉痹咽痛（两少阴火）、齿痛（阳明风热）口疮、
肺痈干咳（火郁在肺）、胸膈刺痛（火郁上焦）、下痢腹痛、腹满肠鸣（肺火郁于大肠），并
宜苦梗以开之。为诸药舟楫，载之上浮，能引苦泄峻下之剂。至于至高之分成功（既上行而
又能下气何也？肺主气，肺金清，浊气自下行耳），养血排脓，补内漏（故治肺痈。时珍曰∶
枳桔汤治胸中痞满不痛，取其通肺利膈下气也。甘桔汤通治咽喉口舌诸病，取其苦辛散寒、
甘平除热也。宋仁宗加荆芥、防风、连翘，遂名如圣汤。王好古加味甘桔汤，失音加诃子，
声不出加半夏，上气加陈皮，涎嗽加知母、贝母，咳渴加五味，酒毒加葛根，少气加人参，
呕加半夏、生姜，吐脓血加紫菀，肺痿加阿胶，胸膈不利加枳壳，痞满加枳实，目赤加栀子、
大黄，面肿加茯苓，肤痛加黄 ，发斑加荆、防，疫毒加牛蒡、大黄，不得眠加栀子。昂按∶
观海藏所加，则用药之大较，亦可识矣）。
去浮皮，泔浸微炒用。畏龙胆、白芨。忌猪肉。
又名金沸草。具有泻下、降气、消痰的功效。咸味能软化坚结，苦辛味能降气行水，温性能疏通血脉。归肺经和大肠经。可消除痰结导致的坚硬痞块，治疗咳吐如胶漆般的痰液，以及嗳气不止（噫，音同“介”，俗写作“嗳”。因胸中气机不畅，故通过嗳气来疏通，多属虚证；也有兼夹痰或火邪的，属实证。张仲景在治疗发汗、催吐、攻下后出现的痞硬和嗳气，使用了代赭石旋复花汤），治疗大肠水肿，祛除头目风邪。然而，本品属于走散之药，性寒利滑，易伤大肠，体虚者应慎用。
外形类似金钱菊，使用时需去掉外皮和花蕊壳，蒸制后使用。其根部能接续筋骨（若筋断裂，捣取汁液滴在患处，用残渣敷在上面，半个月不愈合，筋自然会接续）。
润肺，杀虫。味甘、苦，微温。能滋润肺部，治疗肺热咳嗽（苦味能泻热）。有小毒，可杀灭蛔虫、蛲虫、苍蝇、虱子以及一切树木蛀虫（接触到烟熏即死）。
治疗骨蒸劳热、传尸痨病、疳积和疥癣（这些病症都与虫有关。李时珍说：百部也属于天冬一类，所以都能治肺并杀虫，但天冬性寒，适合热嗽；百部性温，适合寒嗽）。
因其根多且成百条生长而得名。选取肥大坚实的根，用竹刀劈开，去掉心部和皮层，用酒浸泡后焙干使用。
宣通气血，泻火散寒，作为载体使药力上浮。味苦、辛，性平。颜色白属金，入肺经（气分）以泻热，同时入手少阴心经和足阳明胃经。能提升气血，发散体表寒邪，清利头目咽喉，开通胸膈滞气。
凡是痰壅导致气喘急促、鼻塞（肺气不利）、眼睛发红、喉痹咽痛（两少阴经火旺）、牙齿疼痛（阳明经风热）、口疮、肺痈干咳（火郁在肺）、胸膈刺痛（火郁在上焦）、痢疾腹痛、腹胀肠鸣（肺火郁结于大肠），都适宜用桔梗来开通。桔梗是诸药的舟楫，能载药上浮，能将苦泄峻下的药物引至人体最高部位发挥作用（既然能上行又能下气，为什么呢？因为肺主气，肺金清肃，浊气自然下行）。此外，还能养血排脓，补益内漏（因此治疗肺痈。李时珍说：枳桔汤治疗胸中痞满但不痛，取其通肺利膈下气的作用。甘桔汤通治咽喉口舌各种疾病，取其苦辛散寒、甘平除热的作用。宋仁宗加入荆芥、防风、连翘，于是名为如圣汤。王好古加入甘草成为味甘桔汤，声音嘶哑加诃子，失声加半夏，气逆加陈皮，痰嗽加知母、贝母，咳嗽口渴加五味子，酒毒加葛根，气短加人参，呕吐加半夏、生姜，吐脓血加紫菀，肺痿加阿胶，胸膈不利加枳壳，痞满加枳实，眼红加栀子、大黄，面肿加茯苓，皮肤痛加黄芩，发斑加荆芥、防风，疫毒加牛蒡子、大黄，失眠加栀子。汪昂按语：观察海藏所加的配伍，用药的大致原则也可以认识了）。
Xuanfu Hua (Inulae Flos)
Also known as Jinfei Cao (Golden Boiling Grass). It has the effects of purging downward, descending Qi, and resolving phlegm. Salty flavor can soften hardness; bitter and acrid flavors can descend Qi and promote water metabolism; warm nature can unblock blood vessels. It enters the Lung and Large Intestine meridians. It resolves phlegmatic nodules causing hard epigastric fullness, treats expectoration of sticky sputum like glue or lacquer, and persistent belching (Yi, pronounced "jie", commonly written as "Ai". Due to stagnant Qi in the chest, belching occurs to relieve it, typically belonging to deficiency patterns; however, some cases involve concurrent Phlegm or Fire, belonging to excess patterns. Zhang Zhongjing used Daizhe Xuanfu Tang [Ochre and Inula Decoction] to treat post-diaphoresis, emesis, or purgation syndromes characterized by epigastric hardness and belching), treats edema of the Large Intestine, and dispels wind from the head and eyes. However, this herb is dispersing in nature, cold and slippery, potentially damaging the Large Intestine, so it should be used with caution in patients with deficiency.
It resembles Qianjinju (Money Chrysanthemum); for use, remove the outer skin and pistil shell, steam, and then process. The root can knit sinews (if a tendon is severed, crush the root to extract juice and apply it to the wound, then cover with the dregs; if not healed within half a month, the tendon will naturally reconnect).
Bai Bu (Stemonae Radix)
Moistens the Lung and kills parasites. Sweet and bitter, slightly warm. It moistens the Lung and treats cough due to Lung Heat (bitter flavor clears heat). It has slight toxicity and kills roundworms, pinworms, flies, lice, and all wood-boring insects (they die upon contact with smoke).
It treats bone-steaming consumption, infectious wasting diseases (Chuan Shi), infantile malnutrition (Gan Ji), and scabies/tinea (all related to parasites. Li Shizhen stated: Bai Bu belongs to the same category as Tiandong [Asparagi Radix], thus both treat the Lung and kill parasites. However, Tiandong is cold and suitable for hot coughs; Bai Bu is warm and suitable for cold coughs).
It is named "Hundred Parts" because its roots grow in clusters of many strands. Select plump and solid roots, split them with a bamboo knife, remove the core and skin, soak in wine, and bake dry for use.
Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix)
Promotes the circulation of Qi and Blood, clears fire and dispels cold, and acts as a carrier to direct medicinal properties upward. Bitter and acrid, neutral in nature. Its white color corresponds to Metal; it enters the Lung meridian (Qi level) to clear heat, and also enters the Hand Shaoyin Heart meridian and Foot Yangming Stomach meridian. It lifts and raises Qi and Blood, disperses exterior cold pathogens, clears and benefits the head, eyes, throat, and opens stagnation in the chest and diaphragm.
For conditions such as phlegm obstruction with wheezing and shortness of breath, nasal congestion (Lung Qi dysfunction), red eyes, throat bi with pain (Fire in the two Shaoyin meridians), toothache (Wind-Heat in the Yangming meridian), mouth ulcers, lung abscess with dry cough (Fire stagnating in the Lung), stabbing pain in the chest and diaphragm (Fire stagnating in the Upper Jiao), dysentery with abdominal pain, abdominal distension with borborygmus (Lung Fire stagnating in the Large Intestine), Jie Geng is suitable to open these obstructions. As the "boat and oar" of various herbs, it carries other medicines upward, enabling bitter-draining and severe-purging agents to reach the highest parts of the body and achieve their effect (How can it ascend while also descending Qi? Because the Lung governs Qi; when Lung Metal is clear, turbid Qi naturally descends). Furthermore, it nourishes blood, expels pus, and supplements internal leakage (thus treating lung abscess. Li Shizhen said: Zhijie Tang [Artemisiae Argyi et Platycodonis Radix Decoction] treats epigastric fullness without pain, utilizing its ability to unblock the Lung, benefit the diaphragm, and descend Qi. Ganjie Tang [Licorice and Platycodon Decoction] generally treats various throat and tongue diseases, utilizing its bitter-acrid nature to disperse cold and sweet-neutral nature to clear heat. Emperor Renzong of Song added Jingjie, Fangfeng, and Lianqiao, naming it Rusheng Tang [Like-Sage Decoction]. Wang Haogu added Licorice to create Ganwei Jie Geng Tang. For hoarseness, add Hezi; for loss of voice, add Banxia; for rebellious Qi, add Chenpi; for phlegmic cough, add Zhimu and Beimu; for cough with thirst, add Wuweizi; for alcohol toxicity, add Gegen; for shortness of breath, add Renshen; for vomiting, add Banxia and Shengjiang; for expectoration of pus and blood, add Ziwan; for lung flaccidity, add Ejiao; for chest/diaphragm discomfort, add Zhike; for epigastric fullness, add Zhishi; for red eyes, add Zhizi and Dahuang; for facial swelling, add Fuling; for skin pain, add Huangqin; for macules/rashes, add Jingjie and Fangfeng; for epidemic toxins, add Niubangzi and Dahuang; for insomnia, add Zhizi. Ang notes: Observing the additions by Hai Zang, the general principles of prescription can be understood).
Remove the floating skin, soak in rice washing water, stir-fry lightly, and use. It is incompatible with Longdancao (Gentianae Radix) and Baiji (Bletillae Rhizoma). Pork should be avoided.