补筋骨，散风湿
苦坚肾，助筋骨而固齿、长发（齿者骨之余，发者血之余）。甘益血，止崩漏而下乳、
安胎（三症皆由血虚）。外科散疮疡，追风湿。
他树多寄生，以桑上采者为真，杂树恐反有害。茎、叶并用。忌火。
泻心、肺、三焦之火
苦寒。轻飘象肺，色赤入心，泻心、肺之邪热，使之屈曲下行，从小便出（海藏曰∶或
用为利小便药，非利小便，乃肺清则化行，而膀胱津液之府，得此气化而出也），而三焦之
郁火以解，热厥（厥有寒、热二证）心痛以平（丹溪曰∶治心痛，当分新久。若初起因寒、
因食，宜当温散。久则郁而成热，若用温剂，不助痛添病乎？古方多用栀子为君，热药为之
响导，则邪易伏。此病虽日久，不食不死，若痛止恣食，病必再作也），吐衄、血淋、血痢
之病以息（最清胃脘之血。炒黑末服，吹鼻治衄。《本草汇》曰∶治实火之血，顺气为先，
气行则血自归经；治虚火之血，养正为先，气壮则自能摄血。丹溪曰∶治血不可单行、单止，
亦不可纯用寒药。气逆为火，顺气即是降火）。治心烦懊 不眠（仲景用栀子豉汤。王好古
曰∶烦者气也，燥者血也，故用栀子治肺烦，香豉治肾燥。亦用作吐药，以邪在上焦，吐之
邪散，经所谓其高者因而越之也。按∶栀豉汤，吐虚烦客热；瓜蒂散，吐痰食宿寒），五黄
（古方多用栀子、茵陈）五淋，亡血津枯，口渴目赤，紫癜白癞， 疮疡（皮腠，肺所主
故也）。
生用泻火，炒黑止血，姜汁炒止烦呕。内热用仁，表热用皮。
补益筋骨，疏散风湿。
苦味能坚补肾气，帮助筋骨生长并坚固牙齿、促进头发生长（牙齿是骨骼的余气所生，头发是血液的余气所生）。甘味能益血，治疗崩漏（非经期大量出血或淋漓不尽）和乳汁不下、安胎（这三种症状皆由血虚引起）。外科用于消散疮疡，驱逐风湿。
其他树木上寄生的植物较多，以生长在桑树上的为正宗，寄生在其他树上恐怕反而有害。茎和叶一起使用。忌用火炒。
清泻心、肺、三焦的火邪。
味苦性寒。质地轻飘象肺，颜色赤红入心，能清泻心和肺的邪热，使热气屈曲下行，从小便排出（海藏说：有时把它作为利尿药使用，其实不是直接利尿，而是肺气清肃则津液运行正常，膀胱作为津液之府，得到这种气化作用而排尿），从而解除三焦的郁火，平息热厥（厥证有寒、热两种证型）引起的心痛（丹溪说：治疗心痛，应当区分新病和久病。如果是初起因寒、因食积引起，应当用温散的方法。时间久了则郁结化热，如果还用温药，岂不是助长疼痛增加病情吗？古方多用栀子作为主药，用热药作为向导，这样邪气容易伏降。这个病虽然日久，但不吃东西也不会死，如果疼痛停止后放纵饮食，病一定会再发作），平息吐血、鼻衄、血淋、血痢等疾病（最能清胃脘的血热。炒黑研末服用，吹入鼻腔治疗鼻衄。《本草汇》说：治疗实火引起的出血，以顺气为先，气行则血自然回归经脉；治疗虚火引起的出血，以扶正养阴为先，气壮则自然能摄血。丹溪说：治疗出血不可单纯行气或单纯止血，也不可纯用寒凉药。气逆化为火，顺气就是降火）。治疗心烦懊恼、失眠（张仲景使用栀子豉汤。王好古说：烦是气的问题，燥是血的问题，所以用栀子治疗肺烦，用香豉治疗肾燥。也用作催吐药，因为邪气在上焦，通过呕吐使邪气发散，经书所说的“病位高的，就因势利导使其从上而出”。按：栀豉汤，吐出虚烦客热；瓜蒂散，吐出痰食宿寒），五黄（古方多用栀子、茵陈），五淋，亡血津液枯竭，口渴目赤，紫癜白癞，疮疡（皮肤腠理由肺所主管的缘故）。
生用清泻火邪，炒黑止血，姜汁炒制止烦呕。内热用仁，表热用皮。
Tonifies the sinews and bones, disperses wind-dampness.
Bitter flavor solidifies the Kidney (Kidney organ system), assists the sinews and bones, strengthens teeth, and promotes hair growth (Teeth are the surplus of bone; hair is the surplus of blood). Sweet flavor benefits blood, stops metrorrhagia and metrostaxis (abnormal uterine bleeding), promotes lactation, and calms the fetus (all three conditions are caused by Blood deficiency). In surgery, it disperses sores and ulcers, and expels wind-dampness.
Many plants parasitize other trees, but those growing on mulberry trees are considered authentic; those on other trees may be harmful. The stems and leaves are used together. Avoid frying with fire.
Drains Fire from the Heart, Lungs, and Sanjiao (Triple Burner).
Bitter and cold in nature. Its light and floating quality corresponds to the Lung, and its red color enters the Heart. It drains pathogenic heat from the Heart and Lungs, causing it to curve downward and exit via urination (Haizang stated: Sometimes it is used as a diuretic, but this is not direct diuresis; rather, when Lung Qi is clear, transformation and transportation occur, and the Bladder, as the reservoir of fluids, excretes urine through this Qi transformation). Thus, stagnant Fire in the Sanjiao is resolved, and heart pain caused by Cold-Jue or Heat-Jue (Jue syndrome has both cold and heat patterns) is pacified (Danxi stated: When treating heart pain, one must distinguish between new and chronic cases. If initially caused by cold or food stagnation, warming and dispersing methods should be used. Over time, stagnation transforms into heat; using warming agents would only aggravate the pain and disease. Ancient formulas often use Gardenia Fruit (Zhizi) as the sovereign herb, guided by hot herbs to subdue the pathogen. Although the disease is chronic, the patient does not die without food; if they indulge in eating after pain subsides, the disease will recur). It stops hematemesis (vomiting blood), epistaxis (nosebleed), bloody strangury, and bloody dysentery (It best clears blood-heat in the stomach region. When fried black and ground into powder for oral administration, or blown into the nose, it treats epistaxis. *Bencao Hui* states: For bleeding caused by excess Fire, regulating Qi is primary; when Qi moves, blood returns to its vessels naturally. For bleeding caused by deficient Fire, nourishing righteousness is primary; when Qi is strong, it naturally controls blood. Danxi stated: Treating bleeding cannot rely solely on moving Qi or stopping bleeding, nor can it rely purely on cold herbs. Qi rebellion transforms into Fire; regulating Qi is equivalent to descending Fire). It treats mental restlessness, oppression, insomnia (Zhang Zhongjing used Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction (*Zhizi Chi Tang*). Wang Haogu stated: Restlessness relates to Qi, dryness relates to Blood; thus, Gardenia treats Lung-related restlessness, and Fermented Soybean treats Kidney-related dryness. It is also used as an emetic because pathogens in the Upper Jiao are dispersed through vomiting, as the Classics state: "Where the pathogen is high, induce vomiting to expel it." Note: *Zhizi Chi Tang* expels deficiency-fire and guest-heat; *Gua Di San* expels phlegm, food stagnation, and cold). It treats the "Five Yellows" (ancient formulas often use Gardenia and Yinchen), the "Five Stranguries," exhaustion of blood and fluids, thirst, red eyes, purpura, vitiligo, and sores and ulcers (The skin and couli are governed by the Lung).
Raw usage drains Fire; charcoal-fried usage stops bleeding; ginger-juice fried usage stops restlessness and vomiting. Use the kernels for internal heat, and the husks for exterior heat.