功用略同。
即铜青
宣，去风痰
酸平微毒。治风烂泪眼，恶疮疳疮，妇人血气心痛，吐风痰，合金疮，止血杀虫（治皆
肝胆之病，亦金胜木之义）。用醋制，铜刮用。
重，续筋骨
辛平。主折伤，续筋骨，散瘀止痛（折伤必有死血瘀滞经络，然须审虚实，佐以养血、
补气、温经之药。铜非 不可用，火毒、金毒相煽，复挟香药，热毒内攻，虽有接骨之功，
必多燥散之祸，用者慎之）。产铜坑中。火 、醋淬七次，细研，甘草水飞用（昔有饲折翅
雁者，雁飞去，故治折伤）。
重，坠痰，解毒
甘寒属肾。禀壬癸之气，水中之金，金丹之母，八石之祖（丹灶家必用之）。安神解毒，
坠痰杀虫，乌须（制为梳，以梳须）明目。
铅丹（即黄丹，用黑铅加硝、黄、盐、矾炼成）咸寒沉重，味兼盐、矾。内用坠痰去怯，
消积杀虫，治惊疳疟痢。外用解热拔毒，去瘀长肉，熬膏必用之药（用水漂去盐硝砂石，微
火炒紫色，摊地上，去火毒用）。
铅粉主治略同（亦名胡粉锡粉。李时珍曰∶铅粉亦可代铅丹熬膏，然未经盐矾火 。又
有豆粉、蛤粉杂之，只入气分，不能入血分也）。
重，坠痰，镇惊
辛平重坠。镇心平肝，定惊疗狂，消痈解毒。诸药多忌之（李时珍曰∶补肾药尤忌之）。
畏磁石、皂荚（皂荚木作薪，则斧裂）。
时，砧上打落者名铁落（《素问》用治怒狂），如尘飞起者名铁精，器物生衣者名铁锈
，盐、醋浸出者名铁华（李时珍曰∶大抵借金气以平木、坠下解毒，无他义也）。
针砂消水肿黄胆，散瘿瘤，乌髭发（乌须方多用之）。
其功效大致相同。
即铜青（铜绿）。
性宣散，能祛除风痰。
味酸、性平，微有毒。治疗风邪导致的溃烂流泪眼病、恶疮及疳疮，妇女气血失调引起的心痛，呕吐风痰，用于金疮愈合，止血杀虫（这些病症多属肝胆疾病，也体现了金克木的原理）。使用醋炮制，刮取铜表面之物使用。
质重，能接续筋骨。
味辛、性平。主治骨折损伤，接续筋骨，消散瘀血、止痛（骨折损伤必然有死血瘀滞于经络，但必须辨别虚实，配合养血、补气、温经的药物。铜并非不可用，但若火毒与金毒相互煽动，再夹杂香燥药物，热毒内攻，虽然具有接骨的功效，却必然带来燥散耗气的祸患，使用者需谨慎）。产于铜矿坑中。用火煅烧后以醋淬炼七次，细细研磨，用甘草水飞研处理使用（过去有人饲养折断翅膀的大雁，大雁飞走后，因此用于治疗折伤）。
质重，能坠降痰浊，解毒。
味甘、性寒，归属于肾。禀受壬癸水气，是水中的金，金丹的母亲，八石之祖（炼丹家必定使用它）。安神解毒，坠降痰浊、杀虫，使须发变黑（制成梳子，用来梳理头发）明目。
铅丹（即黄丹，用黑铅加入硝、硫磺、盐、矾炼制而成）味咸、性寒、质重，味道兼有盐和矾的特性。内服可坠降痰浊、去除怯弱，消除积滞、杀虫，治疗惊痫、疳积、疟疾、痢疾。外用可解热拔毒，去除瘀血、促进肌肉生长，熬制膏药必用的药物（用水漂洗去除盐、硝、砂石，用微火炒至紫色，摊在地上，去除火毒后使用）。
铅粉的主治功效大致相同（又名胡粉、锡粉。李时珍说：铅粉也可以代替铅丹熬膏，然而未经过盐、矾和火的炼制。又有豆粉、蛤粉掺杂其中，只入气分，不能入血分）。
质重，能坠降痰浊，镇惊。
味辛、性平、质重而沉降。镇心安神、平肝潜阳，定惊疗狂，消散痈肿、解毒。许多药物都忌讳它（李时珍说：补肾药尤其忌讳它）。
畏磁石、皂荚（皂荚木作为柴火，斧头就会裂开）。
在铁砧上敲打落下的屑末名为铁落（《素问》中用它治疗怒狂），像灰尘一样飞扬的名为铁精，器物上生锈的名为铁锈，用盐、醋浸出的是铁华（李时珍说：大抵是借助金气来平抑肝木、坠降下行、解毒，没有其他深意）。
针砂能消除水肿黄疸，消散瘿瘤，使须发变黑（乌须方剂中多用此药）。
The efficacy is roughly the same.
Namely, Tongqing (Copper Acetate / Verdigris).
Properties: Dispersing; removes Wind-phlegm.
Taste: Sour; Nature: Neutral; slightly toxic. Treats wind-induced ulcerative tearing eyes, malignant sores, and gan sores; women's blood-qi disharmony causing heart pain; vomiting of Wind-phlegm; aids in healing metallic wounds; stops bleeding and kills parasites (These conditions are mostly diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder, also reflecting the principle of Metal overcoming Wood). Process with vinegar; scrape from copper surface for use.
Heavy; reconnects sinews and bones.
Taste: Pungent; Nature: Neutral. Mainly treats fractures, reconnects sinews and bones, dissipates stasis and relieves pain (Fractures inevitably involve dead blood stasis obstructing the collaterals, but one must examine deficiency and excess, assisting with herbs that nourish blood, tonify qi, and warm the meridians. Copper is not unusable, but if Fire toxicity and Metal toxicity incite each other, compounded by aromatic/drying herbs, heat toxin attacks internally; although it has bone-setting merit, it will likely cause harm through drying and dispersing; users must be cautious). Produced in copper pits. Calcine in fire, quench in vinegar seven times, grind finely, and process using Licorice water levigation (In the past, someone raised a goose with broken wings; after the goose flew away, thus it is used to treat fractures).
Heavy; descends phlegm, resolves toxicity.
Taste: Sweet; Nature: Cold; corresponds to Kidney. Inherits Ren-Gui water energy; Metal within Water; Mother of Golden Elixir; Ancestor of the Eight Minerals (Must be used by alchemists). Calms spirit and resolves toxicity, descends phlegm and kills parasites, darkens hair (Processed into combs to comb hair); brightens eyes.
Qian Dan (Lead Tetroxide / Minium, made by smelting black lead with saltpeter, sulfur, salt, and alum) Taste: Salty; Nature: Cold; heavy; flavor includes salt and alum. Internally used to descend phlegm and dispel timidity, reduce accumulation and kill parasites, treat epilepsy, childhood malnutrition (gan), malaria, and dysentery. Externally used to clear heat and draw out toxicity, remove stasis and promote flesh growth; an essential herb for preparing plasters (Wash with water to remove salt, nitre, sand, and gravel; stir-fry over low fire until purple; spread on ground to remove fire toxicity before use).
Qian Fen (Lead Carbonate / White Lead) main indications are similar (Also known as Hu Fen or Tin Powder. Li Shizhen said: Qian Fen can also substitute Qian Dan for plaster preparation, but it has not undergone processing with salt, alum, and fire. There are also impurities of bean powder and clam powder; these only enter the Qi level and cannot enter the Blood level).
Heavy; descends phlegm, calms fright.
Taste: Pungent; Nature: Neutral; heavy and sinking. Calms Heart and soothes Liver, settles fright and treats mania, dissipates abscesses and resolves toxicity. Many herbs contraindicate its use (Li Shizhen said: Especially contraindicated in Kidney-tonifying formulas).
Averse to Magnetitum (Cishi) and Gleditsiae Fructus (Zaojiao) (If Gleditsiae wood is used as firewood, axes will split).
Scrapings beaten off on an anvil are called Tie Luo (Used in Su Wen to treat rage-induced mania); particles flying like dust are called Tie Jing; rust formed on vessels is called Tie Xiu; extracts obtained by soaking in salt and vinegar are called Tie Hua (Li Shizhen said: Generally, it borrows Metal energy to calm Wood, sink downwards, and resolve toxicity, without other profound meanings).
Zhen Sha (Needle Sand) eliminates edema and jaundice, dissipates goiters and tumors, and darkens beard and hair (Frequently used in formulas for darkening hair).