又名白瓜
泻热，补脾
寒泻热，甘益脾。利二便，消水肿（冬瓜任吃效），止消渴（苗、叶皆治消渴），散热毒
痈肿（切片敷之。丹溪曰∶冬瓜性急而走，久病阴虚者忌之。昂按∶冬瓜日食常物，于诸瓜
中尤觉宜人，且味甘而不辛，何以见其性急而走乎？）。
子，补肝明目（凡药中所用瓜子，皆冬瓜子也）。
泻热凉血，宣通经络
甘平（苏颂曰冷）。凉血解毒，除风化痰，通经络，行血脉（老者筋络贯穿，象人经络，
故可借其气以引之），消浮肿，稀痘疮（出不快者，烧存性，入朱砂，蜜水调服）。治肠风崩
漏，疝痔痈疽，滑肠下乳。
泻，散血，消肿
散血消肿。煮汁渍冻疮（史国公药酒，用白茄根为君。茄根以马尿浸三日，晒炒为末，
点牙即落）。
茄子甘寒，散血宽肠，动风发病。
重，镇心肝，定郁悸
辛平有毒（生金屑，服之杀人。昂按∶金性至刚重坠，与血肉之体不相宜，故服之致死
，非其性有毒也。人被金银灼者，并不溃烂，无毒可知矣。精金粹玉，世之宝器，岂有毒瓦斯
哉？）。金制木，重镇怯，故镇心肝，安魂魄（虽云重坠，亦借其宝气也。古方有红雪、紫
雪，皆并金银煮汁，亦假其气耳）。治惊痫风热，肝胆之病（肝经风热，则为惊痫失志，魂
魄飞扬。肝属木而畏金，与心为子母之脏，故其病同源一治）。丸散用箔为衣，煎剂加入药
煮。畏铅、水银（遇铅则碎，五金皆畏水银）。
又名白瓜。
能泻热，补脾。
性寒能泻热，味甘能益脾。通利大小便，消除水肿（冬瓜无论怎么吃都有疗效），止消渴（冬瓜的苗、叶都能治疗消渴病），散发热毒。
痈肿（将冬瓜切片敷在患处。朱丹溪说：冬瓜性急而走散，久病阴虚的人应当忌用。汪昂按语：冬瓜是日常食用的常物，在众多瓜果中尤其让人觉得适宜，况且它味甘而不辛，怎么能说它性急而走散呢？）。
瓜子，补肝明目（凡是药物中使用的瓜子，都是指冬瓜子）。
能泻热凉血，宣通经络。
性甘平（苏颂说性冷）。能凉血解毒，祛风化痰，通经络，行血脉（老年人的筋络贯穿全身，像人的经络一样，所以可以借用它的气来引导药力），消除浮肿，使痘疮稀疏（如果痘疮出得不顺畅，将其烧成炭存性，加入朱砂，用蜜水调服）。治疗肠风崩漏，疝气痔疮痈疽，滑肠和下乳。
能散血，消肿。
散血消肿。煮汁浸泡冻疮（史国公药酒，以白茄根为君药。茄根用马尿浸泡三天，晒干炒研为末，点牙即落）。
茄子性甘寒，能散血宽肠，但易动风发病。
质重，镇心肝，定郁悸。
性辛平有毒（生金屑，服用会杀人。汪昂按语：金的性质至刚重坠，与血肉之体不相适宜，所以服用会导致死亡，并非它的本性有毒。人被金银灼伤，并不溃烂，可知无毒。精金粹玉，是世间的宝器，难道有毒瓦斯吗？）。金能制木，质重能镇怯，所以能镇心肝，安魂魄（虽然说是重坠，也是借助它的宝气。古方中有红雪、紫雪，都是并用金银煮汁，也是假借它的气罢了）。治疗惊痫风热，肝胆的疾病（肝经风热，就会导致惊痫失志，魂魄飞扬。肝属木而畏金，与心是子母之脏，所以它们的病同源同治）。丸散剂用金箔为衣，煎剂加入药中同煮。畏铅、水银（遇到铅就会碎裂，五金都畏惧水银）。
Also known as Bai Gua (White Melon).
[It can] clear heat and tonify the spleen.
Its nature is cold to clear heat, its flavor is sweet to benefit the spleen. It promotes urination and defecation, reduces edema (Donggua [Benincasa hispida fruit] is effective regardless of how it is consumed), stops xiao ke (wasting-thirst; both the seedling and leaves treat wasting-thirst), and dissipates heat-toxin.
Carbuncles and sores (Slice and apply externally. Zhu Danxi said: Donggua has an urgent and dispersing nature; those with chronic illness and yin deficiency should avoid it. Wang Ang's note: Donggua is a common daily food, and among all melons, it feels particularly agreeable. Moreover, its flavor is sweet and not pungent; how can one say its nature is urgent and dispersing?).
Seeds: Tonify the liver and brighten the eyes (All melon seeds used in medicines refer to Donggua Zi [Benincasa hispida seed]).
[It can] clear heat and cool blood, unblock and promote collaterals.
Flavor is sweet and neutral (Su Song stated it is cold). It cools blood and resolves toxicity, dispels wind and transforms phlegm, unblocks collaterals, and moves blood vessels (The tendons and collaterals of the elderly penetrate throughout the body, resembling human collaterals; thus, one can borrow its qi to guide them), reduce swelling, and thin out smallpox lesions (If eruption is slow, calcine until carbonized, mix with Cinnabar [Zhusha], and take mixed with honey water). It treats intestinal wind and metrorrhagia/metrostaxis, hernia, hemorrhoids, carbuncles, and ulcers; it lubricates the intestines and promotes lactation.
[It can] disperse blood and reduce swelling.
Disperses blood and reduces swelling. Boil juice and soak for frostbite (Shi Guogong Medicinal Wine uses Bai Qie Gen [Solanum melongena root] as the chief ingredient. Qie Gen is soaked in horse urine for three days, sun-dried, stir-fried, and ground into powder; applied to teeth, they fall out).
Qiezi (Eggplant) is sweet and cold; it disperses blood and relaxes the intestines, but may stir up wind and trigger disease.
Heavy in nature, calms the heart and liver, stabilizes depression and palpitations.
Flavor is pungent and neutral, toxic (Raw Jin Xie [Gold flakes] kills if taken. Wang Ang's note: The nature of gold is extremely rigid, heavy, and descending, which is incompatible with flesh-and-blood bodies; thus, ingestion leads to death, not because its nature is inherently toxic. When humans are burned by gold or silver, there is no ulceration, proving it is non-toxic. Refined gold and pure jade are treasures of the world; how could they possess toxic vapors?). Gold controls Wood; its heaviness calms timidity; therefore, it calms the heart and liver and settles the soul and spirit (Although described as heavy and descending, it also borrows its precious qi. Ancient formulas include Hong Xue [Red Snow] and Zi Xue [Purple Snow], both made by boiling gold and silver together, borrowing their qi). It treats jing xian (convulsions and epilepsy) and wind-heat, and diseases of the liver and gallbladder (Wind-heat in the Liver channel causes convulsions, epilepsy, loss of will, and flying soul/spirit. The Liver belongs to Wood and fears Metal; it shares a mother-son relationship with the Heart; thus, their diseases share the same origin and treatment). For pills and powders, use Jin Bo (Gold Foil) as coating; for decoctions, add to herbs for boiling. It is incompatible with Lead [Qian] and Mercury [Shuiyin] (Crumbles upon contact with lead; all five metals fear mercury).