一名铜青
〔害〕服之捐血，味酸平有微毒。
〔利〕酸平，色青入肝，内科吐风痰之聚，外科止金疮之血，女科理血气之痛，眼科主
风热
之疼，善杀虫疗疳。
〔修治〕以醋制铜刮用。
一名皂矾
〔害〕绿矾矾红，虽能消食肉坚积，然能令人作泻，胃弱人不宜多用。服此者，终身忌
食荞
麦，犯之立毙。
〔利〕酸涌、凉散、涩收、燥湿化痰，解毒杀虫，利便，消食积，散喉痹。主治同白矾。
赤名绛矾，能入血分，伐肝木，燥脾湿。同苍术、酒曲、醋和为丸，酒下，治木来克土，心
腹中满，或黄肿如土色者，名伐木丸，乃上清金蓬头祖师传方。
〔修治〕皂矾，以其可染皂色故名，深青莹洁者良。
〔害〕性虽和缓，终是破血之品，无瘀者勿轻用。
〔利〕苦泄热，甘和血，辛散郁，香舒脾，微温行血，入肝脾，通九窍，利关节，化宿
血，
通月经，消症瘕，散水肿，消蛊，气味和平。入血海，攻击稽留，其消水肿者，乃血化之水
，非脾虚停湿之水也。防己为使。
〔修治〕三月采苗阴干，古方泽兰丸甚多。近今禀赋渐薄，不可常用也。
〔害〕凡病患觉津液衰少，口干舌燥，咽干作痛，大便闭涩，火炎头晕，血虚头痛及无
风者
，忌用。
〔利〕辛温，入肝经气分，通血脉，疏痰气，治诸风掉眩，头旋眼黑，语言不遂，风湿
诸痹
，小儿惊痫。子名还筒子，定风补虚，功同天麻。
〔修治〕三四月采苗，七八月采根，根类王瓜茎，名赤箭，明亮实者佳。湿纸包，于糠
火中
煨熟取出，切片酒浸一宿，焙干用。
【铜绿】
又名铜青。
〔危害〕服用会导致吐血，其味酸、性平，有微毒。
〔功效〕味酸、性平，青色入肝经，内科用于治疗风痰积聚引起的呕吐，外科用于止住金属利器造成的创伤出血，妇科用于调理血气疼痛，眼科主治风热引起的疼痛，善于杀虫和治疗疳积。
〔炮制〕用醋处理刮取铜绿使用。
【皂矾】
又名绿矾、矾红。
〔危害〕虽然能消除食肉形成的坚硬积滞，但会导致腹泻，脾胃虚弱的人不宜多用。服用此药者，终身忌食荞麦，一旦触犯会立即死亡。
〔功效〕具有催吐（酸涌）、凉散、收敛（涩收）、燥湿化痰、解毒杀虫、通利二便、消食积、疏散喉痹的功效。主治与白矾相同。赤色的称为绛矾，能进入血分，抑制肝木过旺，燥除脾湿。与苍术、酒曲、醋混合制成丸剂，酒送服，治疗肝木克伐脾土导致的心腹满闷，或身体发黄肿胀如土色者，名为“伐木丸”，这是上清金蓬头祖师传授的方子。
〔炮制〕皂矾因其可染皂色而得名，以深青色、晶莹洁净者为佳。
【泽兰】
〔危害〕药性虽和缓，终究是破血之品，没有瘀血者不要轻易使用。
〔功效〕苦味泄热，甘味和血，辛味散郁，香气舒脾，微温行血，入肝脾经，通九窍，利关节，化宿血，通月经，消症瘕，散水肿，消蛊毒，气味平和。入血海，攻逐稽留之邪，其消除水肿的作用，是因为血化为水，而非脾虚停聚湿气所致的水肿。以防己为使药引导。
〔炮制〕三月采集苗叶阴干，古方中泽兰丸很多。近代人禀赋逐渐薄弱，不可常用。
【明天麻】
〔危害〕凡是患者感觉津液衰少，口干舌燥，咽干作痛，大便闭结不通，火炎头晕，血虚头痛以及无风邪者，忌用。
〔功效〕辛温，入肝经气分，通血脉，疏痰气，治疗各种风证引起的震颤眩晕、头晕眼花、言语不利，风湿引起的各种痹证，小儿惊痫。其种子名为还筒子，具有定风补虚的功效，作用同天麻。
〔炮制〕三四月采集苗叶，七八月采集根部。根部类似王瓜的茎，名为赤箭，以明亮充实者为佳。用湿纸包裹，在糠火中煨熟取出，切片后用酒浸泡一夜，焙干使用。
[Copper Green]
Also known as Tongqing.
[Harm] Ingestion may cause hematemesis (vomiting blood). Its taste is sour, nature is neutral, and it has slight toxicity.
[Benefits] Sour in taste and neutral in nature, its green color enters the Liver meridian. Internally, it treats vomiting caused by the accumulation of wind-phlegm; externally, it stops bleeding from metallic wounds; in gynecology, it regulates pain due to blood and qi disorders; in ophthalmology, it addresses pain due to wind-heat. It is effective in killing parasites and treating gan syndrome (infantile malnutrition with parasitic infection).
[Processing] Processed by applying vinegar and scraping the copper surface for use.
[Saponite / Green Vitriol]
Also known as Lüfan (Green Vitriol) and Fanhong (Vitriol Red).
[Harm] Although it can dissolve hard accumulations of food and meat, it induces diarrhea and should not be used in excess by those with weak stomachs. Those taking this substance must avoid eating buckwheat for life; violation leads to immediate death.
[Benefits] It acts through sour-induced emesis, cooling dispersion, astringent retention, drying dampness and transforming phlegm, detoxification, insecticidal action, promoting urination and defecation, resolving food stagnation, and dispersing throat obstruction (houbi). Its indications are the same as Bai Fan (Alumen). The red variety is called Jiang Fan (Crimson Vitriol), which enters the blood level, subdues excessive Liver wood, and dries Spleen dampness. Combined with Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Jiu Qu (Medicated Leaven), and Cu (Vinegar) to form pills, taken with wine, it treats conditions where Liver wood overacts on Spleen earth, causing fullness in the heart and abdomen, or yellowish swelling resembling the color of earth. This formula is named Fumu Wan (Wood-Subduing Pill), transmitted from Master Shangqing Jin Pengtou.
[Processing] Named Saponite because it can dye cloth black. The best quality is deep blue-green and crystal clear.
[Zelan / Eupatorium]
[Harm] Although its nature is mild, it is ultimately a blood-breaking substance. Do not use lightly if there is no blood stasis.
[Benefits] Bitter drains heat, sweet harmonizes blood, pungent disperses stagnation, aromatic soothes the Spleen, slightly warm promotes blood circulation. It enters the Liver and Spleen meridians, opens the nine orifices, benefits the joints, resolves old blood stasis, regulates menstruation, dissipates zheng jia (masses), reduces edema, and eliminates gu poison. Its aroma and flavor are balanced. It enters the Blood Sea, attacking lingering pathogens. Its ability to reduce edema stems from the transformation of blood into water, not from water retention due to Spleen deficiency and dampness. Fang Ji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix) serves as the guiding herb.
[Processing] Harvest the herbs in the third month and dry them in the shade. Gu Fang Zelan Wan contains many such prescriptions. In recent times, people's constitutional endowment has gradually weakened, so it should not be used frequently.
[Tianma / Gastrodia Rhizome]
[Harm] Contraindicated in patients who feel a decrease in body fluids, experience dry mouth and tongue, dry and painful throat, constipation, dizziness due to fire flaring, headache due to blood deficiency, and those without wind pathogenic factors.
[Benefits] Pungent and warm, enters the Qi level of the Liver meridian. It unifies the blood vessels, disperses phlegm qi, treats various wind syndromes characterized by tremors and vertigo, dizziness with blurred vision, speech impediment, various bi syndromes due to wind-dampness, and pediatric convulsions. The seed is called Huantongzi, which stabilizes wind and tonifies deficiency, with effects similar to Tianma.
[Processing] Harvest the herbs in the third and fourth months, and the roots in the seventh and eighth months. The root resembles the stem of Trichosanthes kirilowii (Wagua), named Chijian (Red Arrow). Choose those that are bright and solid. Wrap in wet paper, roast in chaff fire until cooked, take out, slice, soak in wine overnight, and dry by baking before use.