气味辛平，无毒。主治风热恶疮，疡疽，疮痂，疥气在皮肤中。
（铁落是锻铁匠砧上锤锻所落之铁屑。又，生铁打铸有花，如兰如蛾而落地者，俗谓之
铁蛾
，今烟火家用之。）
铁名黑金，生于西北，五金中之属水者也。禀金气，故治风。禀水气，故治热。恶疮、
疡疽
疮，热也。痂疥气在皮肤中，风也。以火 转乌之金，而清热毒之疮，故治恶疮、疡疽疮，
以皮肤所落之金，而杀皮肤之虫，故治痂疥气在皮肤中。《素问·病能论》有生铁落饮，言
其下气疾世。今人以铁锈磨涂疔肿，汤火伤，蜈蚣咬，喜儿疮，重舌脚肿，正治风热恶疮之
义。
气味苦酸咸寒，无毒。主治百毒蛊疰，邪鬼瘴气，杀钩吻鸩羽蛇毒，除邪，不迷惑魇
寐，久服轻身。
（犀出滇南、交趾、南番诸处，有山犀、水犀、兕犀三种。山犀，兕犀居山林，人多得
之，
水犀出入水中，最为难得。形俱似水牛黑色，猪首大腹，脚似象，有三蹄，舌上有刺，好食
荆棘，皮上每一孔生三毛，额上有两角，有正中生一角者，名独角犀。有额上生两角而短，
鼻上生一角独长者。有角生白缕一条，直上至端，能出气通天，夜露不濡，名通天犀者，以
之入药更为神验。又有辟寒犀，冬月暖气袭人。有辟暑犀，夏月能清暑气。有分水犀，衔之
入水，水开三尺。有辟尘犀，为簪为带，尘不近身。有蠲忿犀，令人佩之，蠲去忿怒，此皆
希世之珍。犀角错屑，以薄纸裹置怀中，蒸燥，乘热捣之，应手如粉，故《归田录》云∶翡
翠屑，金人气，粉犀是也。）
犀色黑而形似猪，水之畜也。依木而栖，足三趾，一孔三毛，禀木气也。生于南粤，禀
火气
也。犀禀水木火相生之气化，故其角苦酸咸寒。犀为灵异之兽，角具阳刚之体，故主治百毒
蛊疰邪鬼瘴气，如温峤燃犀，照见水中怪异之物是也。犀食荆棘，不避毒草，故杀钩吻之草
毒。钩吻，毒草也，食之令人断肠。又曰鸩羽蛇毒，言不但杀钩吻之草毒，而鸩鸟蛇毒亦能
杀也。犀禀水火之精，故除邪，不迷惑魇寐。久服水火相济，故轻身。
气味辛、平，无毒。主治风热引起的恶疮、疡疽、疮痂，以及皮肤中存在的疥癣之气。
（铁落是锻铁匠在砧板上锤锻时落下的铁屑。另外，生铁铸造出花纹，形状像兰花或蛾子，落地者，俗称“铁蛾”，现在烟火行业使用它。）
铁被称为黑金，产于西北方，是五金中属于水行的物质。禀受金气，所以能治疗风病。禀受水气，所以能治疗热病。恶疮、疡疽这类疮，属于热证。痂疥之气存在于皮肤中，属于风证。用经过火炼转为黑色的铁，来清除具有热毒的疮疡，所以能治疗恶疮、疡疽；用从皮肤上脱落的铁屑，来杀灭寄生于皮肤的虫邪，所以能治疗痂疥之气存在于皮肤中的病症。《素问·病能论》中有生铁落饮，说的是它能下气降逆。现在人们用铁锈磨成粉涂抹治疗疔肿、汤火烫伤、蜈蚣咬伤、喜儿疮、重舌和脚肿，这正是治疗风热恶疮的本义。
气味苦、酸、咸、寒，无毒。主治各种毒物、蛊毒、疰病，邪鬼瘴气，能杀死钩吻草、鸩鸟羽毛和蛇类的毒素，祛除邪气，使人不迷惑、不做噩梦，长期服用能使身体轻健。
（犀牛角出产于滇南、交趾、南洋番地等地，有山犀、水犀、兕犀三种。山犀和兕犀生活在山林中，人们容易得到；水犀出入水中，最为难得。它们的形状都像黑色的水牛，猪头大腹，脚像大象，有三个蹄子，舌头有刺，喜欢吃荆棘，皮上每个毛孔长三根毛，额头上有两支角，有的正中生长一支角，名叫独角犀。有的在额头生长两支短角，而在鼻子上生长一支特别长的角。有的角上生有一条白色纹路，直通顶端，能通气于天，夜晚露水打不湿，名叫通天犀，用它入药更为神效。还有辟寒犀，冬天暖气袭人。有辟暑犀，夏天能清除暑气。有分水犀，衔着它入水，水会分开三尺。有辟尘犀，做成簪子或腰带，灰尘不沾身。有蠲忿犀，让人佩戴它，能去除愤怒，这些都是世间罕见的珍宝。犀角锉成的碎屑，用薄纸包裹放在怀中，蒸干水分，趁热捣碎，应手即成粉末，所以《归田录》说：翡翠屑易碎，金人气息可致其粉碎，犀角粉也是如此。）
犀牛角色黑且形状似猪，是水畜。依傍树木栖息，足有三趾，一孔三毛，禀受木气。生于南粤地区，禀受火气。犀牛角禀受了水、木、火相生之气化，所以其味苦、酸、咸，性寒。犀牛是灵异之兽，角具有阳刚之体，所以主治百毒、蛊毒、疰病、邪鬼、瘴气，就像温峤点燃犀角，照见水中怪异之物一样。犀牛吃荆棘，不躲避毒草，所以能杀灭钩吻这种草毒。钩吻是毒草，吃了会让人肠断。又说能杀鸩羽和蛇毒，意思是不仅能杀钩吻这种草毒，连鸩鸟和蛇的毒也能杀灭。犀牛禀受水火之精，所以能祛除邪气，使人不迷惑、不做噩梦。长期服用使水火相济，所以身体轻健。
Taste and nature: Acrid, neutral, non-toxic. Indications: Treats malignant sores caused by wind-heat, ulcers (yang-ju), scabs, and the pathogenic qi of scabies residing in the skin.
(Iron filings are the iron chips falling from the anvil while a blacksmith is hammering. Additionally, when cast iron forms patterns resembling orchids or moths that fall to the ground, it is commonly called "iron moth," now used in fireworks.)
Iron is named Black Metal, originates from the northwest, and belongs to Water among the Five Metals. Endowed with Metal Qi, it treats Wind disorders. Endowed with Water Qi, it treats Heat disorders. Malignant sores and ulcers are Heat conditions. The qi of scabs and scabies in the skin is a Wind condition. By using iron refined by fire into black metal, one clears the heat-toxin of sores; thus, it treats malignant sores and ulcers. By using iron chips shed from the skin, one kills parasites in the skin; thus, it treats the qi of scabs and scabies in the skin. *Suwen: Bingneng Lun* mentions Shengtie Luo Yin (Decoction of Raw Iron Filings), stating its ability to direct rebellious Qi downward. Nowadays, people apply rust powder to treat ding swellings, scalds and burns, centipede bites, Xi'er sores, double tongue, and foot swelling, which aligns with the principle of treating wind-heat malignant sores.
Taste and nature: Bitter, sour, salty, cold, non-toxic. Indications: Treats various poisons, Gu toxicity, Zhu diseases, evil ghosts, and miasma; kills toxins from Gouwen (Gelsemium elegans), Zhen feathers, and snake venom; dispels evil pathogens, prevents confusion and nightmares; long-term use makes the body light and agile.
(Rhino horn comes from Dian Nan, Jiaozhi, and Southern Fan regions. There are three types: Mountain Rhino, Water Rhino, and Si Rhino. Mountain and Si rhinos live in forests and are easily obtained; Water rhinos enter water and are rarest. They resemble black water buffaloes, have pig-like heads, large bellies, elephant-like feet with three hooves, spiky tongues, and feed on thorns. Each pore on their skin produces three hairs. They have two horns on the forehead; some have a single central horn, named Single-horn Rhino. Some have two short forehead horns and one long nasal horn. Some have a white vein running straight to the tip, capable of connecting with Heaven's Qi, remaining dry even under night dew, named Tongtian Rhino (Sky-Piercing Rhino), which is highly effective medicinally. Others include Cold-Repelling Rhino (warm in winter), Heat-Repelling Rhino (clears summer heat), Water-Parting Rhino (parting water three chi deep when held), Dust-Repelling Rhino (dust does not cling when worn as hairpin or belt), and Anger-Dispelling Rhino (wearing it dispels anger). These are all rare treasures. Rhinoceros horn powder, wrapped in thin paper and kept warm against the chest, steams dry and crushes easily into powder. Thus, *Guitian Lu* states: Emerald dust is brittle, gold's breath can pulverize it, and so can rhino horn powder.)
Rhinoceros horn is black and resembles a pig, belonging to Water animals. It perches near trees, has three toes, and three hairs per pore, endowing it with Wood Qi. It lives in Southern Yue, endowing it with Fire Qi. The horn inherits the generative cycle of Water, Wood, and Fire, hence its bitter, sour, salty, and cold nature. As a spiritual beast with a Yang-gang structure in its horn, it treats hundred poisons, Gu toxicity, Zhu diseases, evil ghosts, and miasma, similar to Wen Qiao lighting a rhino horn to see strange entities underwater. Since rhinos eat thorns and do not avoid toxic herbs, they kill Gouwen herb toxin. Gouwen is a toxic herb causing intestinal rupture if ingested. It also kills Zhen bird and snake venoms, meaning it eliminates not only herb toxins but also animal venoms. Endowed with the essence of Water and Fire, it dispels evil, preventing confusion and nightmares. Long-term use harmonizes Water and Fire, resulting in a light body.