（一名海狗肾。用酒浸一日。纸裹炙香。锉捣。或于银器中以酒煎熟合药。以汉椒樟
脑同收不坏。）
【气味】
咸大热无毒。
【主治】
男子宿症气块。积冷劳气。肾精衰损。多色成劳瘦悴。补中。益肾气。暖腰膝。助
阳气。破症结。疗惊狂痫疾。五劳七伤。阳痿少力。肾虚。背膊劳闷。面黑精冷最良。和剂
局方治诸虚损有腽肭脐丸。今之滋补丸药中多用之。精不足者补之以味也。大抵与苁蓉锁阳
之功相近。亦可同糯米法面酿酒服。
（乃种附子而生出。或变出。其形长而不生子。故曰天雄。其长而尖者。谓之天锥。象
形也。）
【气味】
辛温有大毒。
【主治】
大风寒湿痹。 节痛。拘挛缓急。破积聚邪气金疮。治一切风。一切气。助阳道。
暖水脏。补腰膝。益精明目。通九窍。利皮肤。调血脉。四肢不遂。下胸膈水。破 癖结。
排脓止痛。续骨。消瘀血。背脊伛偻。霍乱转筋。发汗。止阴汗。炮含治喉痹。但乌附天雄
。皆是补下焦。命门阳虚之药。补下所以益上也。若是上焦阳虚。即属心脾之分。当用参
。不当用天雄也。且乌附天雄之尖。皆是向下生者。其气下行。其脐乃向上生苗之处。皆误
认尖为上耳。
（入药拣净。蒸熟曝干。簸去黑皮。炒黄用。）
【气味】
辛甘温无毒。阳也。
【主治】
梦中泄精溺血。暖腰膝。治鬼交甚效。补肝及命门。治小便频数遗尿。女人白淫白
带。故三因方治下元虚冷。小便不禁。或成白浊。有家韭子丸。盖韭乃肝之菜。入足厥阴经
。肾主闭藏。肝主疏泄。素问云。足厥阴病则遗尿。思想无穷。入房太甚。发为筋痿及为白
淫。男随溲而下。女子绵绵而下。韭子之治遗精漏泄。小便频数。女人带下者。能入厥阴补
下焦肝及命门之不足。命门者藏精之府。故同治云。
（腽肭脐，又名海狗肾。使用时用酒浸泡一天。用纸包裹后炙烤至香。切碎捣烂。或者在银器中用酒煎熟后入药。与汉椒、樟脑一同收藏可防止腐烂。）
【气味】
味咸，性大热，无毒。
【主治】
男子体内的陈旧性积块和气滞肿块。积聚的寒冷和劳损之气。肾精亏损。因纵欲过度导致虚劳消瘦憔悴。补益中气。增强肾气。温暖腰膝。辅助阳气。破除症结。治疗惊狂和癫痫。五劳七伤。阳痿和力气不足。肾虚。背部和肩胛骨处的劳损闷痛。面色黧黑、精液寒冷者使用效果最佳。《和剂局方》中治疗各种虚损有腽肭脐丸。现在的滋补丸药中多使用此药。精气不足的人，应当用厚味的药物来补益。大体上与肉苁蓉、锁阳的功效相近。也可以同糯米一起发酵酿酒服用。
（天雄是种植附子时产生出来的，或者是变异长出的。它的形状细长但不生子实，所以称为天雄。其中长得长且尖端的是，称为天锥，这是取象比类的命名方式。）
【气味】
味辛，性温，有大毒。
【主治】
严重的风寒湿痹证。关节疼痛。筋脉拘挛或弛缓急迫。破除积聚的邪气和金创（金属利器造成的创伤）。治疗各种风邪和各种气滞。助长阳道。温暖水脏（肾脏）。补益腰膝。益精明目。通畅九窍。利皮肤。调和血脉。四肢不能随意运动。消除胸膈下方的积水。破除癖结。排脓止痛。接续骨骼。消散瘀血。背脊弯曲驼背。霍乱引起的转筋。发汗。止住阴部冷汗。炮制后含服可治疗喉痹。但是乌头、附子、天雄，都是补益下焦、命门阳虚的药物。补益下部是为了增益上部。如果是上焦阳虚，则属于心和脾的范畴，应当用人参，不应当使用天雄。况且乌头、附子、天雄的尖端，都是向下生长的，其药气也是下行运行的。它们的底部（脐）才是向上生长苗叶的地方。这都是人们错误地认为尖端就是上方罢了。
（入药时挑选干净的，蒸熟后晒干，簸去黑色的皮，炒黄后使用。）
【气味】
味辛甘，性温，无毒，属阳。
【主治】
梦中遗精、尿血。温暖腰膝。治疗鬼交（指梦中性交幻觉）非常有效。补益肝脏及命门。治疗小便频数、遗尿。女性白带过多、白淫（非经期阴道流出白色分泌物）。所以《三因方》中治疗下元虚冷、小便不禁，或者形成白浊的情况，有家韭子丸。大概因为韭菜是肝之菜，归属于足厥阴肝经。肾主闭藏，肝主疏泄。《素问》说：足厥阴经病变会导致遗尿。思虑无穷，房事过度，会引发筋痿以及白淫。男性随尿液排出，女性绵绵不断流出。韭子治疗遗精漏泄、小便频数、女性带下的功效，在于能进入厥阴经，补益下焦肝脏及命门的不足。命门是藏精的府库，所以《同治》中记载：
(Fan'na Qi, also known as Sea Dog Kidney. Soak in wine for one day. Wrap in paper and roast until fragrant. Chop and crush. Alternatively, decoct with wine in a silver vessel before incorporating into the prescription. Store together with Sichuan Pepper (Hanjiao) and Camphor to prevent spoilage.)
【Flavor and Properties】
Salty, extremely hot, non-toxic.
【Indications】
Old fixed masses and qi stagnation lumps in men. Accumulated cold and consumptive qi. Depletion of kidney essence. Consumptive emaciation and frailty resulting from excessive sexual indulgence. Tonifies the middle jiao. Benefits kidney qi. Warms the waist and knees. Assists yang qi. Breaks up mass formations. Treats mania, convulsions, and epilepsy. The five consumptions and seven injuries. Impotence and lack of strength. Kidney deficiency. Laborious stuffiness in the back and shoulder blades. Most effective for dark complexion and cold semen. The "Heji Ju Fang" (Prescriptions of the Bureau of Medical Relief) contains Fan'na Qi Pill for treating various deficiencies. It is widely used in modern tonic pills. For those with insufficient essence, tonification should be achieved through flavors. Generally, its efficacy is similar to that of Cistanche (Rongshou) and Yangtuo Suoyang. It can also be fermented with glutinous rice to make wine for consumption.
(Tianxiong arises from planting Aconite or appears as a mutation. Its shape is long but does not produce seeds, hence the name Tianxiong. Those that are long and pointed are called Tianzhui, named by analogy to their shape.)
【Flavor and Properties】
Pungent, warm, highly toxic.
【Indications】
Severe wind-cold-damp bi syndrome. Joint pain. Tendon spasm or flaccidity and urgency. Breaks up accumulations and pathogenic qi; treats metal wounds. Treats all types of wind and all types of qi stagnation. Assists the yang pathway. Warms the water organ (Kidney). Tonifies the waist and knees. Benefits essence and brightens the eyes. Opens the nine orifices. Benefits the skin. Regulates blood vessels. Paralysis of the four limbs. Drains fluid below the chest and diaphragm. Breaks up phlegm-stagnation masses. Expels pus and relieves pain. Reconnects bones. Resolves blood stasis. Spinal kyphosis. Cholera with tendon cramping. Induces sweating. Stops yin sweating. When processed and held in the mouth, it treats throat obstruction. However, Wutou, Fuzi, and Tianxiong are all herbs that tonify the lower jiao and address Mingmen yang deficiency. Tonifying the lower benefits the upper. If there is upper jiao yang deficiency, it belongs to the Heart and Spleen categories, where Ginseng should be used, not Tianxiong. Moreover, the tips of Wutou, Fuzi, and Tianxiong all grow downward, and their qi descends. Their bases (navels) are where the shoots grow upward. This is a common misconception that the tip represents the top.
(Select clean herbs for medicinal use. Steam until cooked, then dry in the sun. Winnow away the black skin. Stir-fry until yellow before use.)
【Flavor and Properties】
Pungent and sweet, warm, non-toxic, belonging to Yang.
【Indications】
Nocturnal emission and hematuria during dreams. Warms the waist and knees. Highly effective for treating nocturnal emissions involving sexual hallucinations ("ghost intercourse"). Tonifies the Liver and Mingmen. Treats frequent urination and enuresis. Leukorrhea and white discharge in women. Therefore, the "San Yin Fang" uses Jiuzi Pill to treat deficiency-cold of the lower origin, urinary incontinence, or turbid urine. This is because leek is a vegetable of the Liver, entering the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian. The Kidney governs closure and storage, while the Liver governs dispersion and flow. The "Suwen" states: Jueyin meridian pathology leads to enuresis. Endless thoughts and excessive sexual activity lead to tendon flaccidity and leukorrhea. In men, it discharges with urine; in women, it flows continuously. The efficacy of Leek Seed (Jiu Zi) in treating nocturnal emission, leakage, frequent urination, and female leukorrhea lies in its ability to enter the Jueyin meridian and tonify the deficiency of the lower jiao Liver and Mingmen. The Mingmen is the residence storing essence, thus recorded in "Tongzhi":