（俗作鸦片。）
【气味】
酸涩温微毒。
【主治】
泻痢脱肛不止。能涩丈夫精气。今人房中术用之。京师售一粒金丹。云通治百病。
皆方伎家之术耳。
【小麦曲】【气味】
甘温无毒。
【主治】
消谷止痢。平胃气。消食痔。治小儿食痫。调中下气。开胃。疗脏腑中风寒。主霍
乱心膈气痰逆。除烦破症结。补虚去冷气。除肠胃中塞不下食。令人有颜色。落胎并下鬼胎
。止河鱼之疾。
【大麦曲】【气味】
同前。
【主治】
消食和中。下生胎。破血。取五升。以水一斗煮三沸。分五服。其子如糜。令母肥
盛。
【面曲米曲】【气味】
同前。
【主治】
消食积酒积糯米积。研末酒服立愈。余功同小麦曲。
（释名饧音徐。糖之清者曰饴。稠者曰饧。色紫类琥珀者。方中谓之胶饴。干枯者名饧
。方家用饴。乃云胶饴。是湿糖如浓蜜者。其宁结及牵白者饧糖不入药用。）
【气味】
甘大温无毒入太阴经。
【主治】
补虚乏。止渴去血。补虚冷。益气力。止肠鸣咽痛。治吐血。消痰润肺止嗽。健脾
胃。补中。打损瘀血者熬焦酒服能下恶血。又伤寒大毒嗽。于蔓菁薤汁中煮一沸。顿服之良
。
脾弱不思食人。少用能和胃气。亦用和药。解附子草为头毒。古方建中汤多用之。糖与酒皆
用米 。而饴居上品。酒居中品。是糖以和润为优。酒以醺乱为劣。脾欲缓。急食甘以缓之
。饴之甘以缓中也。饴乃脾经气分药也。甘能补脾之不足。
（俗称为鸦片。）
【气味】
味酸、涩，性温，微有毒。
【主治】
治疗泻痢导致肛门脱出且无法回纳的症状。能够固涩男子的精气。现在人们在进行房中术时使用它。京城售卖一种名为“一粒金丹”的药物，声称能通治百病。这不过是方技之人的手段罢了。
【小麦曲】
【气味】
味甘，性温，无毒。
【主治】
帮助消化谷物，止住痢疾。调和胃气。消除因食积引起的痔疮。治疗小儿因饮食不当引发的惊痫。调理中焦，降逆下气。开胃。治疗脏腑受风寒侵袭。主治霍乱、心膈部的痰气上逆。消除烦闷，破除瘀血结块。补益虚弱，驱除冷气。消除肠胃中的壅塞感，改善食欲不振。使人面色红润。具有堕胎及排出所谓“鬼胎”（指异常妊娠或积聚物）的作用。止住因食用生冷鱼类引起的疾病（河鱼之疾）。
【大麦曲】
【气味】
与上述相同。
【主治】
消食导滞，调和脾胃。促使未成熟的胎儿排出。破散瘀血。取五升大麦曲，用一斗水煮沸三次，分五次服用。煮至麦粒如粥糜状，能使产妇身体丰盈强壮。
【主治】
消除食积、酒积以及糯米积滞。研成粉末，用酒送服，立即见效。其余功效同小麦曲。
（释名：饧音徐。清稀的糖称为饴，浓稠的称为饧。颜色紫红类似琥珀的，在药方中称为胶饴。干枯的称为饧。方家使用的饴，说是胶饴，指的是像浓蜜一样湿润粘稠的糖。那些凝固成块及牵拉成白色的则是饧糖，不进入药用范围。）
【气味】
味甘，性大温，无毒，归太阴经。
【主治】
补益虚损乏力。止渴，祛除瘀血。补益虚冷，益气力。止住肠鸣和咽喉疼痛。治疗吐血。化痰润肺，止咳。健脾养胃，补益中气。对于跌打损伤导致的瘀血，炒焦后用酒送服，能排出恶血。另外，对于伤寒引起的大毒咳嗽，在蔓菁和薤白的汁液中煮沸一次，一次性服用，效果良好。
脾弱不想吃饭的人，少量使用可以调和胃气。也用于调和药性。能解附子和草乌头的毒性。古方建中汤中多用此药。糖和酒都是用米制作的，而饴糖居上品，酒居中等品。这说明糖以温和滋润为优，酒以令人醉乱为劣。脾脏喜欢缓和，紧急时需要吃甘味食物来缓和它。饴糖的甘味能够缓和中焦。饴糖是脾经气分的药物。甘味能补益脾气的不足。
(Commonly known as Opium.)
[Flavor and Nature]
Acidic, astringent, warm, slightly toxic.
[Indications]
Treats diarrhea and dysentery accompanied by persistent rectal prolapse. It can secure and retain the essence of men. Currently, it is used in sexual arts. In the capital, a pill named "One-Pill Golden Elixir" (Yili Jindan) is sold, claiming to treat all diseases universally. These are merely techniques of charlatans.
[Wheat Qu (Xiaomai Qu)]
[Flavor and Nature]
Sweet, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications]
Promotes digestion of grains and stops dysentery. Harmonizes Stomach Qi. Eliminates hemorrhoids caused by food stagnation. Treats infantile convulsions due to improper diet. Regulates the Middle Jiao and directs rebellious Qi downward. Opens the appetite. Treats wind-cold invading the Zang-Fu organs. Primarily treats Huoluan (cholera-like syndrome), phlegm-Qi rebellion in the heart and diaphragm. Removes irritability and breaks up blood stasis masses. Tonifies deficiency and dispels cold qi. Relieves gastrointestinal obstruction and anorexia. Improves complexion. Induces abortion and expels so-called "ghost fetus" (abnormal gestation or accumulation). Stops ailments caused by eating raw fish (He Yu Zhi Ji).
[Barley Qu (Damai Qu)]
[Flavor and Nature]
Same as above.
[Indications]
Promotes digestion and harmonizes the Spleen and Stomach. Expels immature fetus. Breaks blood stasis. Take five sheng of Barley Qu, boil in one dou of water for three boils, divide into five doses. Boil until the grains resemble porridge, which will make the mother robust and strong.
[Flour Qu and Rice Qu (Mian Qu Mi Qu)]
[Flavor and Nature]
Same as above.
[Indications]
Eliminates food stagnation, alcohol stagnation, and glutinous rice stagnation. Grind into powder and take with wine for immediate cure. Other functions are the same as Wheat Qu.
(Etymology: Xing [饧] pronounced Xu. Clear and thin sugar is called Yi [饴]; thick sugar is called Xing. Sugar that is purple like amber is called Jiao Yi [胶饴] in prescriptions. Dry sugar is named Xing. Physicians use Yi, referring to Jiao Yi, which is wet sugar like thick honey. Those that solidify into blocks or are pulled white are Xing Tang [饧糖], which are not used medicinally.)
[Flavor and Nature]
Sweet, very warm, non-toxic, enters the Taiyin Meridian.
[Indications]
Tonifies deficiency and fatigue. Stops thirst and removes blood stasis. Tonifies deficiency-cold. Boosts Qi and strength. Stops borborygmus and throat pain. Treats hematemesis. Resolves phlegm, moistens the Lungs, and stops coughing. Strengthens the Spleen and Stomach. Tonifies the Middle Jiao. For bruising and blood stasis from trauma, stir-fry until charred and take with wine to expel evil blood. Furthermore, for severe toxic coughs due to Shanghan (Cold Damage), boil once in juice of Turnip Greens (Man Jing) and Scallion Bulbs (Xie), then take at once for good effect.
For people with weak Spleen and no appetite, small amounts can harmonize Stomach Qi. It is also used to harmonize other herbs. It can detoxify Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) and Caowutou (Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix). Ancient formulas like Jianzhong Tang (Middle-Jiao Building Decoction) use it frequently. Both sugar and wine are made from rice, but Yi Tang ranks in the Superior Grade, while wine ranks in the Medium Grade. This indicates that sugar is superior for its mild and moistening properties, whereas wine is inferior for causing intoxication and confusion. The Spleen desires relaxation; urgently, one should eat sweet foods to relax it. The sweetness of Yi Tang relaxes the Middle Jiao. Yi Tang is a medicine for the Qi aspect of the Spleen Meridian. Sweetness can tonify the insufficiency of the Spleen Qi.