味辛寒。入手太阴阳明经。足太阳经。功专降气止喘。治上气水蓄。得汉防己治阳
水暴肿。得大枣治肺壅喘急。有甜苦二种。甜者性缓。苦者性急。泄肺伤胃。宜与大枣同用
。得酒良。榆皮为使。糯米微炒。去米入汤剂。
味甘苦寒。入足太阳经。功专疗十二种水。得大黄、阿胶治妇人血结。得大麦面治
膜外水气。虚者忌用。面裹煨熟。用瓜蒂为使。恶远志。反甘草。仲景治心下留饮。与甘草
同用。取其相反以立功也。有治水肿及肿毒。均以甘遂末敷肿处。浓煎甘草服之。其肿立消
。
味苦寒。入足太阳经。功专治十二种水。得甘遂、白芥子疗水气胀满。得干姜治水
肿喘急。通经堕胎。误服损真气。白者伤人。浆水煮去骨。得大枣良。畏菖蒲。反甘草。
苦寒。入足太阳经。有毒。沉阴下行。与大戟、甘遂、相等。功专治水气胀满。若
喉痹不通。切薄片醋炒涂喉中良。堕胎。令人见鬼神。赤者伤人。只堪贴脐。入麝三分。捣
贴。小便利则肿消。黑豆汤浸蒸用。得蒜良。
味辛温。入足太阳经。功专泄水。治心腹胀满。水气寒痰。得大戟、甘遂为赘瘤焦
法。得大黄、甘草、大枣、芒硝治水肿支饮。陈久者良。醋煮过。水浸曝用。根疗疥子毒鱼
。反甘草。讼者取叶擦皮肤辄作赤肿假伤以诬人。虚者服必夭折。惟十枣汤用之为君药。
【葶苈】
味辛，性寒。归手太阴肺经、手阳明大肠经及足太阳膀胱经。功效专于降气平喘。治疗肺气上逆、水饮内停之证。配伍汉防己可治疗阳水突然浮肿。配伍大枣可治疗肺气壅滞引起的喘息急促。葶苈子有甜、苦两种。甜葶苈药性缓和，苦葶苈药性峻急，易泄肺伤胃，宜与大枣同用。酒制效果良好。以榆皮为引使。糯米微炒后去米，取葶苈入汤剂煎服。
【芫花】
味甘、苦，性寒。归足太阳膀胱经。功效专于治疗十二种水饮病。配伍大黄、阿胶可治疗妇人血结之证。配伍大麦面可治疗膜外水气。体虚者忌用。用面粉包裹煨熟。以瓜蒂为引使。恶远志。反甘草。张仲景在治疗心下留饮时，与甘草同用，取其相反相成以立功。另有方法治疗水肿及肿毒：均以甘遂末敷于肿胀处，浓煎甘草服用，其肿立消。
【甘遂】
味苦，性寒。归足太阳膀胱经。功效专于治疗十二种水饮病。配伍甘遂、白芥子可治疗水气胀满。（注：此处原文逻辑有误，通常甘遂配大戟、芫花，但依原文翻译）配伍干姜可治疗水肿喘息急促。通经堕胎。误服损伤真气。白色者伤人。用浆水煮去骨（注：原文“去骨”疑为衍文或特定炮制描述，直译）。配伍大枣效果良好。畏菖蒲。反甘草。
【京大戟】
味苦，性寒。归足太阳膀胱经。有毒。性质沉阴下行。与大戟、甘遂效力相等。功效专于治疗水气胀满。若患喉痹不通，切成薄片醋炒后涂于喉中，效果良好。堕胎。令人产生幻觉见鬼神。赤色者伤人。仅可贴敷脐部。加入麝香三分，捣碎后贴敷。小便通畅则肿胀消退。黑豆汤浸泡蒸后用。配伍大蒜效果良好。
【商陆】
味辛，性温。归足太阳膀胱经。功效专于泻水。治疗心腹胀满、水气寒痰。配伍大戟、甘遂用于赘瘤焦法（注：原文表述较晦涩，直译）。配伍大黄、甘草、大枣、芒硝治疗水肿支饮。陈久者良。醋煮过。用水浸泡晒干使用。根治疗疥疮毒鱼（注：原文可能有误，通常指治疮毒，直译）。反甘草。讼者取叶擦皮肤辄作赤肿假伤以诬人（注：此句描述商陆叶接触皮肤致红肿，常被用于诬告他人，直译）。体虚者服用必夭折。惟十枣汤用之为君药。
[Tingli] (Descurainiae Semen Lepidii Semis)
Pungent in flavor, cold in nature. Enters the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian, Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian, and Foot-Taiyin Bladder Meridian. Its function is specialized in descending Qi and relieving asthma. It treats rebellious Qi and water retention. When combined with Han Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix), it treats sudden severe edema of Yang Water type. When combined with Dazao (Jujubae Fructus), it treats lung congestion causing urgent wheezing. There are two types: sweet and bitter. The sweet type has a mild nature; the bitter type has an urgent/strong nature, which drains the Lungs and damages the Stomach, so it should be used with Dazao (Jujubae Fructus). Wine-processing improves its efficacy. Yu Pi (Ulmus Cortex) serves as the guiding herb. Lightly stir-fry with glutinous rice, remove the rice, and use Tingli for decoction.
[Yuanhua] (Genkwa Flos)
Sweet and pungent in flavor, cold in nature. Enters the Foot-Taiyin Bladder Meridian. Its function is specialized in treating twelve types of water disorders. When combined with Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) and Ejiao (Colla Corii Asini), it treats blood stagnation in women. When combined with Damai Mian (Hordei Farinaceous), it treats water qi outside the membranes. Contraindicated in deficiency cases. Wrap in flour and roast until cooked. Gudi (Cucumeris Fructus) serves as the guiding herb. It is inimical to Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix). It is incompatible with Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). Zhang Zhongjing used it together with Gancao when treating retained fluid under the heart, taking advantage of their antagonistic relationship to achieve therapeutic effect. Another method for treating edema and swelling/toxins involves applying powder of Gansui (Kansui Radix) to the swollen area and drinking a strong decoction of Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma); the swelling disappears immediately.
[Gansui] (Kansui Radix)
Bitter in flavor, cold in nature. Enters the Foot-Taiyin Bladder Meridian. Its function is specialized in treating twelve types of water disorders. When combined with Gansui (Kansui Radix) and Baijiezi (Sinapis Semen), it treats water qi causing distension and fullness. When combined with Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), it treats edema with urgent wheezing. It unblocks menstruation and induces abortion. Accidental ingestion damages true Qi. The white variety harms people. Boil in grain vinegar to remove bones (Note: literal translation of text). Combined with Dazao (Jujubae Fructus) yields good results. It fears Changpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma). It is incompatible with Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
[Jingdaji] (Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix)
Bitter in flavor, cold in nature. Enters the Foot-Taiyin Bladder Meridian. Toxic. It is heavy, yin, and descends. Its efficacy is equal to that of Daji and Gansui. Its function is specialized in treating water qi causing distension and fullness. If suffering from throat obstruction (Houbi), cut into thin slices, stir-fry with vinegar, and apply to the throat; this is effective. It induces abortion. It causes hallucinations of seeing ghosts and spirits. The red variety harms people. It can only be applied externally to the navel. Add 3 fen of Shexiang (Moschus), pound into paste, and apply. When urination becomes smooth, the swelling subsides. Soak in black bean soup and steam before use. Combined with Suan (Allium Sativum) yields good results.
[Shanglu] (Phytolaccae Radix)
Pungent in flavor, warm in nature. Enters the Foot-Taiyin Bladder Meridian. Its function is specialized in draining water. It treats epigastric and abdominal distension/fullness, water qi, and cold phlegm. Combined with Daji and Gansui, it is used in the scorching method for赘瘤 (fibroids/lipomas - literal: redundant tumors). Combined with Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Dazao (Jujubae Fructus), and Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas), it treats edema with obstructive fluid retention. Aged material is better. Boil in vinegar. Soak in water and sun-dry for use. The root treats sores and fish toxins (literal translation). It is incompatible with Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). Litigants take its leaves to rub on the skin, causing redness and swelling to falsely injure others and frame them. Deficiency patients who take it will die prematurely. Only in Shizao Tang (Ten Jujube Decoction) is it used as the sovereign herb.