乌药，味辛，气温，阳也，无毒，入足少阴肾经及阳明胃腑。性多走泄，不甚刚强，诸
冷能
除。凡气堪顺，止翻胃，消积食作胀，缩小便，逐气冲致疼，辟疫瘴时行，解蛊毒卒中，攻
女人滞凝血气，去小儿积聚蛔虫。此品功多而效少，盖佐使之至微者也。力微似可多用，然
而
多用反不见佳。不若少用之，以佐君臣之用耳。
乌药无关轻重，其实过多功少，近人未知耳。产妇虚而胎气不顺者，切不可用，用则胎
立堕
。人以为顺气用之，谁知乌药能顺胎气之实，而不能顺胎气之虚乎。不独胎气，凡气虚者，
俱不能顺。惟气血虚而带郁滞者宜之耳。
血竭，味辛、咸，气平，有小毒。入肾。治跌打伤损，消恶毒痈疽，专破积血，引脓，
驱邪
气止痛，外科多用之。然治诸痛，内治实神效。存之以备采用。
血竭内科可用，而近人不敢用之。不知血竭得补气血之药，其功更神。惜人未谙，故再
表之
也。
沉香，味辛，气微温，阳也，无毒。入命门。补相火，抑阴助阳，养诸气，通天彻地，
治吐
泻，引龙雷之火下藏肾宫，安呕逆之气，上通于心脏，乃心肾交接之妙品。又温而不热，可
常用以益阳者也。
沉香温肾而又通心。用黄连、肉桂以交心肾者，不若用沉香更为省事，一药而两用之也。
但
用之以交心肾，须用之一钱为妙。不必水磨，切片为末，调入于心肾补药中，同服可也。
乌药，味道辛，性质温热，属于阳，没有毒性，进入足少阴肾经以及阳明胃腑。它的药性善于行散疏通，并不十分刚烈猛烈，能够清除各种寒邪。凡是气机阻滞不畅导致的翻胃（膈食），它可以使之顺降；消除因积食引起的胀满；缩小便；驱除导致疼痛的气冲症状；辟除瘟疫和时行疫病；解除蛊毒和中风卒中的危害；攻逐女性体内停滞凝结的气血，去除小儿体内的积聚和蛔虫。这种药材功效虽多但实际疗效较少，大概是作为佐使药中作用最轻微的一类。因为药力微弱似乎可以多用，然而如果用量过多反而效果不佳。不如少量使用，用来辅助君药和臣药发挥作用罢了。
乌药在方剂中关系不大，其实它用量过多则功效很少，这是近人不知道的缘故。产妇如果体质虚弱且胎气不顺，千万不可使用，一旦使用胎儿就会立即流产。人们以为它是用来顺气的，谁知道乌药只能顺胎气的实证，而不能顺胎气的虚证呢？不仅对于胎气，凡是气虚的情况，都不能用它来顺气。只有气血虚弱而又带有郁滞的情况才适合使用它。
血竭，味道辛、咸，性质平和，有小毒。进入肾经。治疗跌打损伤，消除恶性的痈疽，专门破除瘀血，引导脓液排出，驱除邪气以止痛，外科医生经常使用它。然而治疗各种疼痛，在内科治疗中确实有神奇的疗效。记录下来以备采用。
血竭虽然内科也可以使用，但近人不敢使用它。他们不知道血竭配合补益气血的药物一起使用，其功效会更加神奇。可惜人们不了解这一点，所以再次阐明它。
沉香，味道辛，性质微温，属于阳，没有毒性。进入命门。补益相火，抑制阴寒助长阳气，滋养各种气机，通达天地之间，治疗呕吐腹泻，引导龙雷之火下行潜藏于肾宫，安定上逆的呕气，向上通达心脏，是心肾相交的妙品。又因为它温而不燥热，可以长期服用以补益阳气。
沉香既能温补肾阳又能通心脉。使用黄连、肉桂来交通心肾的方法，不如使用沉香更为简便省事，一种药物起到两种作用。但是用沉香来交通心肾，以一钱为最佳用量。不必用水磨制，切片研成粉末，调入到补益心肾的药物中，一同服用即可。
Linderae Radix (Wuyao), pungent in taste, warm in nature, belonging to Yang, non-toxic. It enters the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian and the Yangming Stomach Fu-organ. Its nature is predominantly dispersing and draining, not overly rigid or strong, capable of eliminating various cold pathogens. For conditions where Qi stagnation causes regurgitation (Fanwei/Ge Shi), it promotes smooth flow; it resolves distension caused by food accumulation, reduces urination, expels Qi rushing that causes pain, wards off epidemic miasma and seasonal pathogens, resolves gu poison and sudden stroke attacks, attacks stagnant and congealed Qi and Blood in women, and eliminates accumulations and roundworms in children. This herb has many claimed functions but few actual effects, likely serving as a minor assistant or guide herb. Because its strength is weak, one might think it can be used in large doses; however, excessive use often yields poor results. It is better to use small amounts to assist the sovereign and minister herbs.
Linderae Radix (Wuyao) is of little critical importance; in reality, using too much yields little benefit, a fact unknown to contemporary practitioners. For postpartum women who are deficient and have irregular fetal Qi, it must absolutely not be used, as doing so will cause immediate miscarriage. People assume it is used to regulate Qi, but who knows that Linderae Radix (Wuyao) can regulate the excess type of fetal Qi but cannot regulate the deficiency type? Not only for fetal Qi, but for any condition involving Qi deficiency, it cannot be used to regulate Qi. It is suitable only for cases where there is Qi and Blood deficiency accompanied by stagnation.
Dragon's Blood (Xuejie), pungent and salty in taste, neutral in nature, slightly toxic. Enters the Kidney. Treats traumatic injuries from falls and blows, eliminates malignant carbuncles and ulcers, specifically breaks up accumulated blood, draws out pus, drives away pathogenic Qi to relieve pain, and is frequently used in surgery. However, for treating various pains, it is truly miraculous when used internally. It is recorded here for future reference.
Although Dragon's Blood (Xuejie) can be used in internal medicine, contemporary practitioners dare not use it. They do not know that when combined with herbs that tonify Qi and Blood, its efficacy becomes even more miraculous. Alas, people are unaware of this, hence I clarify it again.
Agarwood (Chenxiang), pungent in taste, slightly warm in nature, belonging to Yang, non-toxic. Enters the Mingmen (Gate of Life). Tonifies Minister Fire, suppresses Yin while assisting Yang, nourishes various Qi mechanisms, penetrates heaven and earth, treats vomiting and diarrhea, guides "Dragon and Thunder Fire" downward to hide in the Kidney Palace, calms rebellious Qi causing vomiting, connects upward to the Heart, making it an excellent product for the interaction between Heart and Kidney. Furthermore, it is warming without being hot, allowing for long-term use to benefit Yang.
Agarwood (Chenxiang) warms the Kidney and unblocks the Heart. Using Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian) and Cinnamon Twig (Rougui) to facilitate the communication between Heart and Kidney is less convenient than using Agarwood (Chenxiang), which achieves two purposes with one herb. However, when using Agarwood (Chenxiang) to facilitate Heart-Kidney communication, the optimal dose is one qian. There is no need to grind it with water; slicing it into pieces, grinding into powder, and mixing it into Heart-Kidney tonifying decoctions for simultaneous consumption is acceptable.