主治补血。益肾强筋骨去风湿助十二经脉。四肢拘挛。膝痛足痿。妇人经闭。血晕。
难产。金疮痈肿。焙用或酒拌则滋补。生用则下行。牛膝丸。牛膝（酒浸）萆 杜仲（炒去
丝）
白蒺藜防风菟丝子（酒浸）肉苁蓉（酒浸）各等分。官桂减半。研末。酒煮猪腰子捣和为丸。
梧
子大。每服五七十丸。空腹温酒下。益精暖中。治肝肾虚损。骨痿筋弱。牛膝散。牛膝（酒
制）一两。桂心赤芍桃仁玄胡索（炒）当归（酒浸）丹皮木香各七钱五分。研末。每服一钱。
空
腹温酒下。治经水不利。脐腹作痛。或小腹引腰气攻胸胁。牛膝汤。牛膝根茎一握。当归（焙）
一两。黄芩五钱。研末。每服五钱。水一盏半。煎至七分。去滓温服。日三次。治小便不通。
茎中痛。妇女血结腹坚痛。又方。牛膝八两。葵子一合。水九升。煎三升。分三服。治胎衣
不下。按此药通利下部孕妇忌之。
主治宣肺热益肺气化痰。止咳。上气喘逆。肺痿吐脓。为宣发肺气之要品。紫菀丸。紫
菀五味子各等分。研末蜜丸芡实大。每服一丸。口含化下治咳血。紫菀散。紫菀人参各一钱。
茯苓知母桔梗各一钱五分。阿胶（蛤粉炒）一钱。川贝母一钱二分。五味子十五粒。炙草五
分
为散。水二钟煎至八分。去滓食后服。或加生姜。治咳中有血。虚劳肺痿成痈。紫菀汤。紫
菀天门冬各一两。桔梗五钱。甘草杏仁桑白皮各二钱五分。 咀。每服三钱。加竹茹一团。
水煎去滓。加蜜半匙。再煎一二沸。温服。治妊娠咳嗽。胎动不安。紫菀膏。紫
款冬花一两。杏仁（去皮尖炒研）枇杷叶（去毛蜜炙）木通桑皮根（蜜炙）大黄（酒蒸）各
五钱。熬
蜜收。不时噙化一二匙。治肺热咳嗽。肌肤灼热。面赤如醉。病愈即止。不可多服。久嗽去
杏仁大黄。煎成加童便半钟。按此为治伤风咳嗽主要之药。
【牛膝】
主治：补血。益肾强筋骨，去除风湿，助益十二经脉。治疗四肢拘挛。膝痛、足部痿软无力。妇女经闭。血晕。难产。金疮痈肿。焙干使用或酒拌则具滋补作用；生用则药性下行。
牛膝丸：牛膝（酒浸）、萆薢、杜仲（炒去丝）、白蒺藜、防风、菟丝子（酒浸）、肉苁蓉（酒浸），各等分。官桂减半。研成细末。用酒煮猪腰子捣烂和药为丸。梧桐子大小。每次服用五七十丸。空腹时温酒送服。功效：益精暖中。治疗肝肾虚损。骨痿筋弱。
牛膝散：牛膝（酒制）一两。桂心、赤芍、桃仁、玄胡索（炒）、当归（酒浸）、丹皮、木香，各七钱五分。研成细末。每次服用一钱。空腹时温酒送服。治疗经水不利。脐腹部疼痛。或小腹牵引腰部气机攻冲胸胁。
牛膝汤：牛膝根茎一握。当归（焙干）一两。黄芩五钱。研成细末。每次服用五钱。加水一盏半，煎至七分。去渣温服。每日三次。治疗小便不通。尿道疼痛。妇女血结腹坚痛。
又方：牛膝八两。葵子一合。水九升。煎取三升。分三次服用。治疗胎衣不下。按语：此药通利下部，孕妇忌用。
【紫菀】
主治：宣肺热，益肺气，化痰。止咳。上气喘逆。肺痿吐脓。为宣发肺气之要品。
紫菀丸：紫菀、五味子各等分。研成细末，蜂蜜为丸，如芡实大小。每次服用一丸。口含化下。治疗咳血。
紫菀散：紫菀、人参各一钱。茯苓、知母、桔梗各一钱五分。阿胶（蛤粉炒）一钱。川贝母一钱二分。五味子十五粒。炙甘草五分。研为散剂。加水二钟，煎至八分。去渣饭后服用。或加生姜。治疗咳中有血。虚劳肺痿成痈。
紫菀汤：紫菀、天门冬各一两。桔梗五钱。甘草、杏仁、桑白皮各二钱五分。切碎。每次服用三钱。加竹茹一团。水煎去渣。加蜜半匙。再煎一二沸。温服。治疗妊娠咳嗽。胎动不安。
紫菀膏：紫菀、款冬花一两。杏仁（去皮尖炒研）、枇杷叶（去毛蜜炙）、木通、桑皮根（蜜炙）、大黄（酒蒸），各五钱。熬蜜收膏。不时含化一二匙。治疗肺热咳嗽。肌肤灼热。面赤如醉。病愈即止。不可多服。久嗽者去掉杏仁、大黄。煎成后加童便半钟。按语：此为治伤风咳嗽主要之药。
[Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix)]
Indications: Nourishes blood. Tonifies the kidneys, strengthens sinews and bones, dispels wind-dampness, and assists the twelve meridians. Treats spasms and contracture of the four limbs. Knee pain, flaccidity of the feet. Amenorrhea in women. Blood syncope. Dystocia. Traumatic wounds and carbuncles. When roasted or mixed with wine, it has a tonifying effect; when used raw, its action descends.
Niuxi Wan (Achyranthus Pill): Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix (steeped in wine), Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma, Eucommiae Cortex (stir-fried to remove silk-like fibers), Tribuli Fructus, Saposhnikoviae Radix, Cuscutae Semen (steeped in wine), Cistanches Herba (steeped in wine), each in equal parts. Cinnamomi Cortex is halved. Grind into fine powder. Boil pig kidneys in wine, mash them, and mix with the powder to form pills. Size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take 50-70 pills per dose. Swallow with warm wine on an empty stomach. Effects: Benefits essence, warms the middle. Treats deficiency and damage of the liver and kidney. Bone flaccidity and weak sinews.
Niuxi San (Achyranthus Powder): Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix (processed with wine) 1 liang. Cinnamomi Ramulus, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, Persicis Semen, Corydalis Rhizoma (stir-fried), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (steeped in wine), Moutan Cortex, Costi Rhizoma, each 7 qian 5 fen. Grind into powder. Take 1 qian per dose. Swallow with warm wine on an empty stomach. Treats irregular menstruation. Pain in the umbilical and abdominal regions. Or qi attacking from the lower abdomen to the waist, chest, and hypochondrium.
Niuxi Tang (Achyranthus Decoction): One handful of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix stem and root. Angelicae Sinensis Radix (roasted) 1 liang. Scutellariae Radix 5 qian. Grind into powder. Take 5 qian per dose. Add 1.5 cups of water, decoct until 0.7 cup remains. Strain and take warm. Three times daily. Treats urinary retention. Pain in the urethra. Abdominal hardness and pain due to blood stasis in women.
Another prescription: Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix 8 liang. Abelmoschi Semen 1 he. Water 9 sheng. Decoct until 3 sheng remain. Divide into three doses. Treats retained placenta. Note: This medicine promotes downward flow and clearing in the lower jiao; pregnant women should avoid it.
[Ziwan (Asteris Radix)]
Indications: Disperses lung heat, benefits lung qi, transforms phlegm. Stops cough. Treats asthma and counterflow qi. Lung abscess with expectoration of pus. It is a key herb for dispersing lung qi.
Ziwan Wan (Aster Pill): Asteris Radix, Schisandrae Fructus, each in equal parts. Grind into powder, mix with honey to form pills the size of Euryale Seed. Take one pill per dose. Hold in mouth and dissolve slowly. Treats hemoptysis.
Ziwan San (Aster Powder): Asteris Radix, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, each 1 qian. Poria, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Platycodonis Radix, each 1 qian 5 fen. Asini Corii Colla (fried with donkey-hide gelatin powder) 1 qian. Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus 1 qian 2 fen. Schisandrae Fructus 15 grains. Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma preparata 5 fen. Grind into powder. Add 2 zhong of water, decoct until 0.8 zhong remains. Strain and take after meals. Ginger may be added. Treats cough with blood. Consumption leading to lung abscess formation.
Ziwan Tang (Aster Decoction): Asteris Radix, Asparagi Radix, each 1 liang. Platycodonis Radix 5 qian. Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Armeniaci Semen Amarum, Mori Cortex, each 2 qian 5 fen. Cut into small pieces. Take 3 qian per dose. Add a ball of Bambusa Caulis in Tenues Scissurae (Bamboo Shavings). Decoct in water, strain. Add half a spoonful of honey. Boil for one or two more boils. Take warm. Treats cough during pregnancy. Restless fetus.
Ziwan Gao (Aster Paste): Asteris Radix, Farfarae Flos 1 liang. Armeniaci Semen Amarum (peeled, core removed, stir-fried and ground), Loquat Leaf (de-haired, honey-roasted), Akebiae Caulis, Mori Cortex (honey-roasted), Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (steamed with wine), each 5 qian. Simmer with honey to make paste. Hold one or two spoonfuls in mouth occasionally. Treats lung heat cough. Burning sensation in skin. Red face like drunkenness. Stop when cured. Do not take excessively. For chronic cough, remove Armeniaci Semen Amarum and Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. After decoction, add half a zhong of child's urine. Note: This is a primary herb for treating wind-cold cough.