主治凉血。润燥时行热疾。大渴大狂服金石人。热毒肛门肿痛。（煎汤熏洗）安胎。疗
疽发背鸡鱼骨鲠（煎汁灌）蛇虫咬毒箭伤（窨敷）苎根汤。苎根生干地黄各二两。当归芍药
阿胶
甘草各一两。水六升煎取二升。去滓纳胶煎烊。分三服。治胎动腰腹痛下血（此方忌海藻芜
荑）
牛蒡（其实多刺故名恶实。鼠粘子。）主治子泻热。凉血。除风。润肺。通十二经。清
咽
喉利腰膝风
熟曝干用。未制者服之令人吐利。牛蒡子散。牛蒡子新豆豉（炒）羌活各三两。生地黄 各
一
两五钱。
连翘防风荆芥枳壳桔梗蔓荆子白蒺藜（炒去刺）当归蝉蜕浓朴各一两。研末。每服四钱。加
生
姜一
甘
草各一两。防风五钱。研末。每服三钱。利咽喉。化痰止咳。又方。牛蒡子（酒炒研）天花
射干连翘各二钱。生地浙贝（研）各三钱。玄参生草各二钱五分。白僵蚕（炒研）一钱。加
叶二十片。水二钟煎至八分。饥时温服。
治喉癣。咽喉干痒。生胎欲裂者。
主治散风。发汗。除湿。暖腰脚。风湿周痹。四肢挛痛。万应膏。五七九等月。采苍
根
火煎滚。文火煎稠。搅成膏。新罐贮封。治一切痈疽发背。无头恶疮疔毒风痒。杖疮。牙痛
喉痹。内服一匙。酒调下。外用敷贴。苍耳丸。苍耳叶不拘多少。阴干研末。每用五两。取
粟米二合煮粥研如膏。复以莨菪子（淘净炒微黄）捣末。用一两和丸绿豆大。每服二十丸。
空
腹温酒下。晚食前再服。治 疡风。
【苎麻】
主治：具有凉血功效。用于治疗燥热性质的时行热病（季节性流行性热病）。对于因服用金石类药物导致的大渴、狂躁症状，以及热毒引起的肛门肿痛（可用煎汤熏洗），均有疗效。此外还能安胎，治疗疽发背、鸡骨或鱼骨卡喉（可煎汁灌服）、蛇虫咬伤及毒箭创伤（可埋敷药物）。
苎根汤方：苎根、生干地黄各二两；当归、芍药、阿胶、甘草各一两。加水六升，煎煮至二升，滤去药渣，加入阿胶使其溶化。分三次服用。用于治疗胎动不安、腰腹痛及下血（此方禁忌与海藻、芜荑同用）。
【苍耳】
牛蒡（其果实多刺，故又名恶实、鼠粘子）
主治：用于泻热、凉血、祛风、润肺，通行十二经脉，清利咽喉，缓解腰膝疼痛。需经反复日晒干燥后使用，未经炮制的服用会引起呕吐和腹泻。
牛蒡子散方：牛蒡子、新豆豉（炒制）、羌活各三两；生地黄一两五钱。研成细末。每次服用四钱。
另一配方：加生姜、甘草各一两，防风五钱，研成细末。每次服用三钱。功效为利咽喉、化痰止咳。
又一方：牛蒡子（酒炒后研碎）、天花粉、射干、连翘各二钱；生地黄、浙贝母（研碎）各三钱；玄参、生甘草各二钱五分；白僵蚕（炒后研碎）一钱；加桑叶二十片。加水两钟，煎至八分满。饥饿时温服。用于治疗喉癣，症状表现为咽喉干痒，感觉如胎儿欲裂般痛苦。
【苍耳草/根】
主治：具有祛风、发汗、除湿、温暖腰脚的功效。用于治疗风湿性周身痹痛、四肢拘挛疼痛。
万应膏方：在五月、七月、九月等月份采集苍耳全株，先用大火煮沸，再用小火煎至浓稠，搅拌成膏状。装入新罐中密封保存。用于治疗各种痈疽发背、无头恶疮、疔毒、风痒、杖疮（受杖击后的伤痕）、牙痛、喉痹。内服一匙，用酒调服；外用则敷贴患处。
苍耳丸方：苍耳叶不拘数量，阴干后研成细末。每次取五两苍耳叶末，取粟米二合煮粥，研烂如膏状。再加入莨菪子（淘洗干净，微炒后捣成细末）一两，混合制成绿豆大小的丸剂。每次服用二十丸，空腹时用温酒送服，晚饭后再次服用。用于治疗疡风（一种皮肤顽疾）。
[Boehmeria nivea Root]
Indications: Cools blood. Treats dry-heat epidemic febrile diseases (seasonal epidemic heat syndromes). For severe thirst and mania caused by the ingestion of mineral drugs, as well as anal swelling and pain due to heat-toxin (fumigation and washing with decoction), it is effective. It also calms the fetus, treats carbuncles on the back, chicken or fish bones stuck in the throat (decoction for gavage), snake or insect bites, and poisonous arrow wounds (buried application).
Zhu Gen Tang (Boehmeria Root Decoction): Zhu Gen (Radix Boehmeriae Niveae) and Sheng Gan Di Huang (Rhizoma Rehmanniae Recens Siccus) each 2 liang; Dang Gui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Shao Yao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra), E Jiao (Colla Corii Asini), and Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) each 1 liang. Add 6 sheng of water, boil down to 2 sheng, remove dregs, add E Jiao until dissolved. Divide into three doses. Treats restless fetus, lower abdominal and lumbar pain, and vaginal bleeding (this formula is contraindicated with Hai Zao and Wu Yi).
[Arctium Lappa]
Niu Bang Zi (The fruit is thorny, hence named E Shi or Shu Nian Zi)
Indications: Purges heat, cools blood, dispels wind, moistens the lungs, unblocks the twelve meridians, clears the throat, and benefits the waist and knees. Must be sun-dried repeatedly before use; raw administration causes vomiting and diarrhea.
Niu Bang Zi San (Arctium Seed Powder): Niu Bang Zi (Fructus Arctii), Xin Dou Chi (Fermented Soybean, stir-fried), and Qiang Huo (Rhizoma Notopterygii) each 3 liang; Sheng Di Huang (Rhizoma Rehmanniae Recens) 1 liang 5 qian. Grind into powder. Take 4 qian per dose.
Another prescription: Add Sheng Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens) and Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) each 1 liang, Fang Feng (Radix Saposhnikoviae) 5 qian. Grind into powder. Take 3 qian per dose. Benefits the throat, resolves phlegm, and stops coughing.
Yet another prescription: Niu Bang Zi (wine-fried and ground), Tian Hua Fen (Radix Trichosanthis), She Gan (Rhizoma Belamcandae), and Lian Qiao (Fructus Forsythiae) each 2 qian; Sheng Di Huang (Rhizoma Rehmanniae Recens) and Zhe Bei Mu (Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii, ground) each 3 qian; Xuan Shen (Radix Scrophulariae) and Sheng Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) each 2 qian 5 fen; Bai Jiang Can (Bombyx Batryticatus, fried and ground) 1 qian; add Sang Ye (Folium Mori) 20 leaves. Add 2 zhong of water, boil down to 8 fen. Warmly take when hungry. Treats Hou Xuan (throat herpes/lichen), characterized by dry and itchy throat, feeling as if the fetus is about to split.
[Cocklebur]
Indications: Dispels wind, induces sweating, removes dampness, warms the waist and feet. Treats wind-damp generalized bi-syndrome and spasmodic pain in the four limbs.
Wan Ying Gao (Universal Ointment): Collect Cocklebur plants in the fifth, seventh, and ninth lunar months. Boil vigorously first, then simmer gently until thick, stirring into an ointment. Store in a new jar and seal tightly. Treats all kinds of carbuncles, furuncles, malignant sores without heads, ding-toxins, wind-itch, cane-wounds, toothache, and Hou Bi (sore throat). Internal use: one spoonful, taken with wine. External use: apply as a plaster.
Cang Er Wan (Cocklebur Pills): Cang Er Ye (Folium Xanthii) in any quantity, dried in shade and ground into powder. Use 5 liang of this powder each time. Take 2 he of millet, cook into porridge, and grind into a paste-like consistency. Mix with 1 liang of Lang Du Zi (Fructus Daturae, washed clean and lightly fried and ground). Form pills the size of mung beans. Take 20 pills each time, with warm wine on an empty stomach, and again before evening meal. Treats Yang Feng (a chronic skin disease resembling leprosy).