有川贝浙贝之分。浙贝中又有土贝母一种。因产地不同。功用亦异。今分载之。
川贝。主治化痰散结。润心肺。治虚劳。咳嗽吐血。感冒。黄胆。喉痹。肺痿。为肺经
要药。
贝母散。贝母杏仁（去皮尖）桑白皮各二钱。五味子知母甘草各一钱。款冬花一钱五分。
水煎服。加生姜三片。治暴咳久不愈。 浙贝味大苦。为开郁散结化痰解毒之良品。疏散之
力。胜于川贝。凡时行感冒之咳。浙贝为良。咳血内伤。多痰气逆。当用川贝。吹喉散。大
黑枣十四个。去核装入五倍子一个。（去 ）象贝一个。去心研。用泥裹煨存性。加薄荷叶
冰
片各少许。研细末吹入。治咽喉十八症。任其呕涎数次。即愈。
又方。象贝研末敷封口。神效。
一名大贝母。亦产四明。
主治消肿逐瘀。化脓。祛风湿。除痰。疗乳岩乳痈疔肿瘰 恶疮蛇咬。土贝母饮。天花
粉乳香（去油）没药白芷归尾土贝母赤芍独活川芎各一钱。甘草节陈皮各八分。穿山甲三片。
皂角刺一钱五分。银花二钱五分。防风一钱二分。好酒煎服。治乳痈初起。外以白芷梢土贝
母天花粉各三钱。乳香（去油）一钱五分。研末酒调涂。
又方。大贝母核桃隔银花连翘各三钱。酒水煎服。治乳岩已破。
又方。土贝母八两。牛皮胶四两。（敲碎。牡蛎粉炒成珠）研末水泛丸绿豆大。每早晚
用
紫背天葵根三钱或海藻昆布各一钱。煎汤下三钱。治瘰 。不论已破未破。如未破外用土贝
母研末。陈米醋调搽。数日即消。
又方。甘草（生炙各半）一两。皂刺（土炒）二钱五分。土贝五钱五分。半夏一钱五分。
甲
片（炒黑）知母各二钱五分。加葱姜。水酒煎服。治手发背。
又方。甲片（炙捣）六钱。全当归白芷防风川断各五钱。花粉八钱。广皮皂刺三钱土贝
母
（研）苏木各二钱。银花一两。赤芍甘草节各六钱。乳香（炙另研）没药（炙另研）牛膝各
一钱。
酒水各半煎汁去滓。入乳香没药末调服。取汗。治一切肿毒初起。
又方。毒蛇咬者。急饮麻油一碗。免毒攻心。即研土贝母末四五钱热酒冲服。再饮酒尽
醉安卧。少时药力到处。酒化为水。从疮口喷出。水尽即以药渣敷伤口。垂死者皆活。
川贝和浙贝有所区别。在浙贝中，还有一种叫做土贝母的品种。因为产地不同，它们的功效也各不相同。现在分别记载如下。
川贝。主要治疗化痰散结，滋润心肺，治疗虚劳咳嗽、吐血、感冒、黄疸、喉痹（咽喉肿痛闭塞）、肺痿（肺叶枯萎萎缩），是肺经的重要药物。
贝母散：贝母、杏仁（去皮尖）、桑白皮各二钱；五味子、知母、甘草各一钱；款冬花一钱五分。用水煎服，加生姜三片。治疗突发咳嗽久治不愈。
浙贝味道大苦，是开郁散结、化痰解毒的优质药材。其疏散之力胜过川贝。凡是时行感冒引起的咳嗽，浙贝效果良好。如果是咳血内伤、多痰气逆，应当使用川贝。
吹喉散：大黑枣十四个，去核，装入一个五倍子（去杂质）和一个象贝（即浙贝，去心研磨）。用泥包裹煨烧至存性，加入少许薄荷叶和冰片，研成细末吹入咽喉。治疗咽喉十八种病症，任其呕吐涎液数次，即可痊愈。
又一方：将象贝研成末敷于伤口封口处，神效。
主治消肿逐瘀，化脓，祛风湿，除痰，治疗乳岩（乳腺癌）、乳痈（急性乳腺炎）、疔肿、瘰疬（颈部淋巴结结核）、恶疮、蛇咬伤。
土贝母饮：天花粉、乳香（去油）、没药、白芷、归尾、土贝母、赤芍、独活、川芎各一钱；甘草节、陈皮各八分；穿山甲三片；皂角刺一钱五分；金银花二钱五分；防风一钱二分。用好酒煎服。治疗乳痈初起。外用白芷梢、土贝母、天花粉各三钱，乳香（去油）一钱五分，研成末，用酒调匀涂抹。
又一方：大贝母、核桃、隔山消（此处原文为“银花”，结合语境及常见配伍，若指连翘则需调整，但依原文直译：金银花）、连翘各三钱，酒水煎服。治疗乳岩已经破溃。
又一方：土贝母八两，牛皮胶四两（敲碎，用牡蛎粉炒成珠状），研成末，用水泛制成绿豆大小的丸药。每天早晚用紫背天葵根三钱或海藻、昆布各一钱煎汤，送服丸药三钱。治疗瘰疬，不论是否已破溃。如果未破溃，外用土贝母研末，陈年米醋调匀搽擦，数日即可消散。
又一方：甘草（生用和炙用各半）一两，皂角刺（土炒）二钱五分，土贝母五钱五分，半夏一钱五分，穿山甲片（炒黑）、知母各二钱五分。加葱、姜，水酒同煎服。治疗手发背（手部严重的痈疽）。
又一方：穿山甲片（炙捣碎）六钱，全当归、白芷、防风、川断各五钱，天花粉八钱，广陈皮、皂角刺三钱，土贝母（研）、苏木各二钱，金银花一两，赤芍、甘草节各六钱，乳香（炙另研）、没药（炙另研）、牛膝各一钱。酒水各半煎汁去渣，加入乳香、没药末调服，取汗。治疗一切肿毒初起。
又一方：被毒蛇咬伤者，立即喝下一碗麻油，以免毒气攻心。随即研碎土贝母末四五钱，用热酒冲服。再饮酒直至醉倒安卧。不久药力到达，酒化为水，从疮口喷出。水流尽后，即用药渣敷在伤口上，濒临死亡者都能救活。
There is a distinction between Chuanbei (Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus) and Zhebei (Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus). Among Zhebei, there is a variety known as Tubemu (Bolbostemmae Rhizoma). Due to different origins, their functions also differ. They are recorded separately below.
Chuanbei (Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus). It mainly treats the transformation of phlegm and dissipation of nodules, moistens the lungs and heart, treats consumptive disease (Xu Lao), cough with hemoptysis, common cold, jaundice, throat obstruction (Hou Bi - swelling and blockage of the throat), and lung atrophy (Fei Wei). It is an essential herb for the Lung meridian.
Beimu San (Fritillaria Powder): Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, peeled and tips removed), Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex) each 2 qian; Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) each 1 qian; Kuandonghua (Farfarae Flos) 1.5 qian. Decoct in water and take orally, adding three slices of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens). Treats sudden cough that persists for a long time.
Zhebei (Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus) has a strong bitter taste. It is an excellent material for relieving depression, dissipating nodules, transforming phlegm, and detoxifying. Its dispersing power is superior to Chuanbei. For coughs caused by epidemic common colds, Zhebei is effective. For hemoptysis due to internal injury, excessive phlegm, and rebellious Qi, Chuanbei should be used.
Chuihou San (Throat Blowing Powder): Fourteen large black dates, pitted, stuffed with one Wubeizi (Galla Chinensis, impurities removed) and one Xiangbei (synonymous with Zhebei, core removed and ground). Wrapped in mud and roasted until the nature is preserved (Cunxing). Add a small amount of Boheye (Menthae Haplocalycis Folium) and Bingpian (Borneolum Syntheticum), grind into fine powder, and blow into the throat. Treats eighteen types of throat disorders; after vomiting saliva several times, it will heal.
Another prescription: Grind Xiangbei into powder and apply to seal the wound. Highly effective.
Also known as Dabeimu (Large Fritillaria), it is also produced in Siming.
Main indications: Reduces swelling and expels blood stasis, promotes suppuration, dispels wind-dampness, eliminates phlegm, treats Ru Yan (breast cancer), Ru Yong (acute mastitis), Ding Zhong (carbuncle), Luo Li (scrofula), malignant sores, and snake bites.
Tubemu Yin (Bolbostemma Decoction): Tianhuafen (Trichosanthis Radix), Ruxiang (Olibanum, de-oiled), Moyao (Myrrhae Resina), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Guiwei (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Tubemu (Bolbostemmae Rhizoma), Chishao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) each 1 qian; Gancaojie (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma with nodes), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) each 8 fen; Shansanjia (Manis Squama) 3 slices; Zaocispicus (Spatholobi Caulis) 1.5 qian; Yinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos) 2.5 qian; Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) 1.2 qian. Decoct in good wine and take orally. Treats early-stage acute mastitis. Externally, apply Baizhi shao (tip of Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Tubemu, and Tianhuafen each 3 qian, and Ruxiang (de-oiled) 1.5 qian, ground into powder, mixed with wine and applied.
Another prescription: Dabeimu, Hetao (Juglandis Semen), Yinhua, and Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus) each 3 qian, decoct in wine and water. Treats breast cancer that has already ulcerated.
Another prescription: Tubemu 8 liang, Niujiaojiao (Asini Corii Colla) 4 liang (broken into pieces, stir-fried with Muli powder until pearl-like). Grind into powder, make pills using water granulation method, size of mung beans. Take 3 qian morning and evening, washed down with decoction of Zi Bei Tian Kui Gen (Basellae Radix et Caulis) 3 qian, or Haizao (Sargassum) and Kunbu (Eckloniae Thallus) each 1 qian. Treats scrofula, whether ulcerated or not. If not ulcerated, externally apply Tubemu powder mixed with aged rice vinegar. It will subside in a few days.
Another prescription: Gancao (raw and honey-fried each half) 1 liang, Zaocispicus (earth-fried) 2.5 qian, Tubemu 5.5 qian, Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) 1.5 qian, Jiapian (Manis Squama, black-fried), Zhimu each 2.5 qian. Add Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus) and Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), decoct in water and wine, and take orally. Treats "Shou Fabei" (severe carbuncle on the hand/back of hand).
Another prescription: Jiapian (heat-processed and pounded) 6 qian, Quandanggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baizhi, Fangfeng, Chuanduan (Dipsaci Radix) each 5 qian, Tianhuafen 8 qian, Guangpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Zaocispicus 3 qian, Tubemu (ground), Sumu (Sappan Lignum) each 2 qian, Yinhua 1 liang, Chishao, Gancaojie each 6 qian, Ruxiang (heat-processed, ground separately), Moyao (heat-processed, ground separately), Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) each 1 qian. Decoct in half wine and half water, strain, add Ruxiang and Moyao powders, mix, and take orally to induce sweating. Treats all initial stage swellings and toxic sores.
Another prescription: For snake bites by venomous snakes, immediately drink one bowl of Mayou (Sesami Oleum) to prevent toxin from attacking the heart. Then, grind Tubemu powder (4-5 qian), take with hot wine. Drink more wine until drunk and lie down to rest. After a short while, when the medicinal effect takes place, the wine transforms into water and sprays out from the wound. When the water stops flowing, apply the medicinal dregs to the wound. Those near death will survive.