桂丁 桂耳 桂根
学圃余蔬∶有一种四季开花而结实者，此真桂也，闽中最多，常以春中盛开。凡桂四季
者有
子，此真桂也。江南桂八、九月盛开，无子，此木樨也。 临海志∶唐垂拱四年三月，月桂
子降临海，芳香有桂气味，食之和畅。宋绍定间，舒某于天台山得月桂子二升，大如樟子，
无皮，色似白玉，纹如雀卵，中有仁，嚼之作芝麻气，以之杂菊入囊为枕，有散佚石缝中者
，旬日辄出树，叶柔长，经冬犹在，种入盆中，久之亦失所在。
性温、味辛、平肝暖胃，胃脘寒痛甚宜。 药性考∶甘辛温中，暖胃平肝益肾，散寒止
哕。
百草镜云∶形如吴茱萸，出广西交趾，乃肉桂子也。
治心痛，辟寒邪胃痛。百草镜∶桂丁研细，酒下三钱。
出开化山中，乃多年老树蒸出蕈也，面红色，土人采得，以治血疾。
治一切血症及吐血。
按∶纲目分桂为五种∶曰桂，即今所谓交桂；曰牡桂，今广桂；曰 桂，俗呼木犀；曰
天竺
桂，浙中山桂也，有子如莲；曰月桂，四季有花者，此桂子乃天竺桂子也。纲目失载主治，
若月桂则固载其子矣。曰桂丁，乃广桂子，纲目亦不言其主治。至于桂耳，则各桂皆有之，
性亦略同，纲目皆不载，悉为补之。 和霁园夜谈随录∶吕司马季弟琪，从司马官岭南署中
，有小院颇幽静，旧有古井在轩右，井畔有二老桂，大合抱，值夏夜月光甚皎，琪纳凉轩下
，闻井中有声不绝，凭栏窥之，见井水白如银，中有红丸，大如弹子，约数十百点，光明如
火，向上竞相跳跃，渐跃渐高，去栏仅尺余，琪惊白司马。次日，命夫缒下，探之无他异，
得桂子数十粒，鲜赤如新，琪即戏以井水服之，日七枚，七日而尽，盖适取得四十九枚也，
后琪寿至九十九岁，无疾而逝，平原董太史曲江与琪善，亲见而志之。 敏按∶今月桂子如
莲，鲜者色青，干之淡黑色。吕琪所见，大如弹丸，鲜赤如新，当别是一种。考天地运度
经云∶太山北有桂树七十株，天神青要玉女三千守之，其实赤如桔，人食之一年可以上升，
或者此种，惜琪公所服只四十九枚耳，故得寿。
《学圃余蔬》记载：有一种四季开花并结出果实的，这才是真正的桂花（Osmanthus fragrans），福建地区最多见，通常在春季盛开。凡是四季开花的桂花都有果实，这才是真桂。江南地区的桂花在八月、九月盛开，不结果实，这是木犀（Osmanthus fragrans var. thunbergii）。《临海志》记载：唐垂拱四年三月，月桂子降临到临海，芳香带有桂花的味道，食用后使人身心舒畅。宋绍定年间，舒某在天台山得到两升月桂子，大小如同樟树种子，没有外皮，颜色像白玉，纹理像麻雀蛋，中间有仁，咀嚼时有芝麻的气味。用它混合菊花装入枕囊作为枕头，其中散落在石缝中的，十天左右就会长出树木，叶子柔嫩修长，经过冬天依然存活。种在盆中，时间久了也会不知去向。
性质温和，味道辛、平，能平抑肝气、温暖胃腑，对于胃脘寒痛非常适宜。《药性考》记载：味甘、辛，性温，能温中、暖胃、平肝、益肾，散寒止呃逆。
《百草镜》说：形状像吴茱萸，产于广西交趾，是肉桂的果实。治疗心痛，驱避寒邪引起的胃痛。《百草镜》又说：将桂丁研成细粉，用酒送服三钱。
产于开化山中，是多年老树蒸腾出的菌类，表面呈红色，当地人采集后，用来治疗血疾。治疗各种血症及吐血。
按语：《本草纲目》将桂分为五种：一种是“桂”，即现在所说的交桂；一种是“牡桂”，即现在的广桂；一种是“[缺字]桂”，俗称为木犀；一种是“天竺桂”，浙江山中的桂花，有像莲子大小的果实；一种是“月桂”，四季开花的，这里的桂子就是天竺桂的子。《本草纲目》遗漏了主治功效，如果是月桂，原本就记载了它的子。所谓“桂丁”，是广桂的子，《本草纲目》也没有说明它的主治功效。至于“桂耳”，各种桂树都有，药性也大致相同，《本草纲目》都没有记载，这里全部予以补充。
《和霁园夜谈随录》记载：吕司马的弟弟吕琪，跟随司马在岭南的官署任职，有一个小院相当幽静，院子右侧有一口古井，井边有两棵老桂树，需要两人合抱。正值夏夜月光皎洁，吕琪在廊下纳凉，听到井中有声音不断传出，倚靠栏杆窥视，看见井水白如银，里面有红色的丸子，大小如弹珠，大约几十上百颗，光亮如火，向上竞相跳跃，越跳越高，距离栏杆仅一尺多。吕琪惊讶地告诉司马。第二天，派人用绳子吊下去探查，没有其他异常，得到了几十粒桂子，鲜红如新。吕琪便开玩笑地用井水吞服，每天七枚，七天吃完，恰好取得四十九枚。后来吕琪活到九十九岁，无病而终。平原董太史曲江与吕琪交好，亲眼见到并记录此事。
我赵学敏按语：现在的月桂子像莲子，新鲜的呈青色，干燥后呈淡黑色。吕琪所见到的，大如弹丸，新鲜赤红，应当是另一种。考证《天地运度经》说：泰山北面有七十株桂树，天神青要玉女三千人守护它们，果实红得像橘子，人吃了之后一年可以飞升。或许就是这种，可惜吕公只服用了四十九枚，所以得以长寿。
Cinnamon Dings, Cinnamon Ears, and Cinnamon Roots
*Xuepu Yushu* records: There is a variety that blooms and bears fruit throughout the four seasons; this is the true *Gui* (Osmanthus fragrans), most abundant in Fujian, usually blooming in full force during spring. All *Gui* that bloom across the four seasons bear fruit; this is the true *Gui*. The *Gui* of Jiangnan blooms in full force in the eighth and ninth lunar months but does not bear fruit; this is *Muxi* (Osmanthus fragrans var. thunbergii). *Lin Hai Zhi* records: In the third month of the Chuigong era of the Tang Dynasty, Moon Osmanthus seeds descended upon Linhai. They were fragrant with the scent of cinnamon and brought a sense of comfort when consumed. During the Shaoding era of the Song Dynasty, Shu obtained two sheng of Moon Osmanthus seeds from Tiantai Mountain. They were as large as camphor tree seeds, without skin, white like jade, with patterns resembling quail eggs. Inside was the kernel, which smelled like sesame when chewed. Mixed with chrysanthemum and placed in a pillow bag, those scattered into rock crevices would sprout trees within ten days, with soft, long leaves remaining green through winter. Planted in pots, they would eventually disappear.
The nature is warm; the flavor is pungent and neutral. It soothes the Liver and warms the Stomach, making it highly suitable for cold pain in the epigastrium. *Yaoxing Kao* records: Sweet and pungent, warm in nature; it warms the middle, warms the Stomach, soothes the Liver, benefits the Kidney, dispels cold, and stops hiccups.
*Bai Cao Jing* states: Resembling Evodiae Fructus (Wuzhuyu), produced in Jiaozhi, Guangxi, it is the fruit of Cinnamomi Cortex (Rougui). It treats heart pain and repels cold pathogenic factors causing stomach pain. *Bai Cao Jing* further states: Grind Cinnamon Dings into fine powder and take three qian with wine.
Produced in the mountains of Kaihua, it is a fungus steamed out of old trees over many years. The surface is red. Locals collect it to treat blood diseases. It treats all types of blood disorders and hematemesis.
Note: *Bencao Gangmu* divides *Gui* into five types: 1. "Gui," now known as Jiao Gui; 2. "Mu Gui," now known as Guang Gui; 3. "[Missing Character] Gui," commonly called Muxi; 4. "Tianzhu Gui," mountain *Gui* in Zhejiang, bearing fruits like lotus seeds; 5. "Moon Gui," which blooms in all four seasons. The *Gui* seeds mentioned here are Tianzhu Gui seeds. *Bencao Gangmu* omitted the therapeutic indications. If it refers to Moon Gui, its seeds were indeed recorded. "Cinnamon Ding" refers to the seeds of Guang Gui, whose indications are also not stated in *Bencao Gangmu*. As for "Cinnamon Ear," it exists in all types of *Gui*, with similar properties, yet none are recorded in *Bencao Gangmu*; these are all supplemented here.
*Heji Yuan Yetan Suilu* records: Lu Qi, the younger brother of Sima Lv, served in an official post in Lingnan. He had a quiet courtyard with an ancient well on the right side of the veranda. Beside the well stood two old *Gui* trees, thick enough to require two people to embrace. On a clear summer night under bright moonlight, while Lu Qi cooled himself under the veranda, he heard continuous sounds from the well. Leaning on the railing to peek, he saw the well water white as silver, containing red pills, each as large as a marble, numbering dozens or hundreds, glowing like fire, jumping upwards competitively. They jumped higher and higher, reaching only about one chi from the railing. Startled, Lu Qi informed Sima Lv. The next day, servants were sent down by rope to investigate. Finding nothing unusual, they retrieved dozens of *Gui* seeds, fresh and red. Lu Qi jokingly swallowed them with well water, seven per day, finishing them in seven days—exactly forty-nine seeds, which happened to be the number collected. Later, Lu Qi lived to be ninety-nine years old, passing away without illness. Dong Qujiang, a Grand Historian from Pingyuan who was friendly with Lu Qi, witnessed this and recorded it.
I, Zhao Xuemin, note: Current Moon Osmanthus seeds resemble lotus seeds; fresh ones are green, drying to pale black. The ones Lu Qi saw were as large as marbles, fresh and crimson, likely a different species. Consulting *Tiandi Yundu Jing*: "North of Mount Tai stand seventy *Gui* trees, guarded by three thousand Heavenly Deities, Qingyao Jade Maidens. Their fruits are red like oranges; humans who eat them can ascend to heaven within one year." Perhaps this was such a species. Alas, Lord Lu only consumed forty-nine seeds, thus attaining longevity.