纲目畜部牛下，附倒仓法，而无霞天膏制法，近时用之颇多，故附录之。本草经疏亦载
为专
品，其法用肥嫩黄牛肉三、四十斤，洗极净，水煎成糜，滤去滓，再熬成膏用。缪仲醇曰∶
胃属土，为水谷之海，无物不受。胃病则水谷不能以时运化，羁留而为痰饮，壅塞经络，则
为积痰、老痰、结痰等症；阴虚内热生痰，则为偏废口眼歪斜；留滞肠胃，则为宿饮癖块；
随气上涌，则为喘急迷闷；流注肌肉，则为结核。王隐君论人之诸疾，悉由于痰；然而痰之
所生，总由于脾胃虚不能运化所致。惟用霞天膏以治诸痰证者，盖牛土畜也，黄土色也，肉
者胃之味也，熬而为液，虽有形而无浊质也，以脾胃所主之物，治脾胃所生之病，故能由肠
胃而渗透肌肤毛窍，搜剔一切留结也。阴虚内热之人，往往多痰，此则由于水涸火炽，煎熬
津液，凝结为痰，胶固难散者，亦须以此和竹沥、贝母、橘红、苏子、栝蒌根、枸骨叶之类
消之；或以橘皮、白茯苓、苏子、白豆蔻仁、半夏、苍术为曲，治脾胃积痰；或以橘皮、贝
母、苏子、栝蒌根及仁、硼砂为曲，治积热痰结。
味甘温无毒，主中风偏废，口眼歪斜，痰涎壅塞五脏六腑，留痰宿饮癖块，手足皮肤中
痰核
形圆如弹，大小不等，产羊腹，在胃中，惟山羊有之，胡羊不能成也。盖羊食百草，其
精气
聚于胃，久则成此物，俗呼百草丹，亦牛黄、狗宝之类。牛黄细腻而疏松且香烈，故以黄名
。狗宝花白，而坚凝如石，故以宝名。此则如烂草团成，轻松而气膻，人多惜其不能如牛黄
、狗宝之精美，而亦产于羊腹，得日月精华，又食异草孕结，乃不坚重香凝，仅成此物，故
哀之，因名曰哀。 常中丞宦游笔记载军营于羊腹中得石子，名 答，形如鸭卵，色紫黄，
两头有二白圈，圆如黄豆，腰有束带，宽如韭叶，色青蓝，束带上亦二白圈，质细如玉，滋
润如水。辍耕录亦载蒙古求雨，取净水一盆，浸石子数枚，持咒播弄；其石子名 答，产畜
腹中，牛马皆有，不必定羊也。而羊哀又与 答异， 答坚重细润，此则轻松膻臊，亦无束
带白圈。庚戌冬，友人李金什在临安西关外屠羊肆，见屠者剖一羊，胃中忽涌出一弹，如鸭
卵黄，匀圆光洁，浮水盆上，购归示予，予曰∶此羊哀也，气臊而松，非 答之类。彼云∶
屠者呼为百草丹，云业此三十年，止取得三枚，亦不易遇也。此物惟山羊始生，因山羊食百
草，偶啮得异草或石乳，其膏液注胃中，日久凝成。胃为精气往来之所，日为气运动，故所
结之物多圆如丸。 答结于腹，不为气扰动，故形匾圆如石。金什即以此赠予，予复取细视
，其质松而亦坚，嗅之作羊臊气，外则色泽光腻，俨如油润，其体质非石非酥，如腐草融结
，始信说略所载羊哀如湿茅纸之说为不谬。因附记于此，以待折衷于格物诸君子。按∶百草
镜∶羊 结成在羊腹中，色微黑，可治反胃。或即此欤。
解百草药毒，治噎膈翻胃。
敏按∶慈航活人书∶端五日收羊屎，名百草丹，可绝疟，与羊胃所积草有别，不可不知。
《本草纲目》畜部牛类下，附有“倒仓法”，但没有记载霞天膏的制作工艺。近代使用此药的人很多，所以在此附录其制法。《本草经疏》也将其列为专治某病的药品，其制作方法是用三十至四十斤肥嫩黄牛肉，洗净至极干净，加水煎煮成肉糜，过滤去除渣滓，再熬炼成膏状使用。缪仲醇说：胃属土，是水谷汇聚的大海，没有东西不能容纳。胃病则水谷不能按时运化，滞留成为痰饮，壅塞经络，就会形成积痰、老痰、结痰等病症；阴虚内热生痰，就会导致偏瘫、口眼歪斜；痰滞留在肠胃，就会形成宿饮和癖块；痰随气上涌，就会导致气喘急促、昏迷闷乱；痰流注于肌肉，就会形成结核。王隐君论述人的各种疾病，都源于痰；然而痰的产生，总归是由于脾胃虚弱不能运化所致。只有用霞天膏来治疗各种痰证，大概是因为牛是土畜，颜色为黄土色，肉味对应胃的味道，熬炼成液体后，虽有形状却无浑浊质地，用脾胃所主管的物质，治疗脾胃所产生的疾病，所以能由肠胃渗透至肌肤毛窍，搜剔清除一切留滞凝结的痰浊。阴虚内热的人，往往多痰，这是由于津液枯竭、虚火炽盛，煎熬津液，凝结成痰，胶固难以消散的，也必须用此药配合竹沥、贝母、橘红、苏子、栝蒌根、枸骨叶之类来化解；或者用橘皮、白茯苓、苏子、白豆蔻仁、半夏、苍术制成曲剂，治疗脾胃积痰；或者用橘皮、贝母、苏子、栝蒌根及仁、硼砂制成曲剂，治疗积热痰结。
霞天膏味甘、性温、无毒，主治中风偏瘫、口眼歪斜、痰涎壅塞五脏六腑、留痰宿饮癖块、手足皮肤中的痰核（形圆如弹丸，大小不等，产于羊腹中，在胃里，只有山羊有，胡羊不能形成）。这大概是因为羊吃百草，其精气聚积在胃中，时间久了就形成这种物体，俗称“百草丹”，也是类似牛黄、狗宝的东西。牛黄细腻疏松且香烈，所以以“黄”命名；狗宝花白，坚硬凝固像石头，所以以“宝”命名。而羊哀像烂草团成，轻松且气味膻腥，人们大多可惜它不能像牛黄、狗宝那样精美，但它也产于羊腹，得日月精华，又因食用异草孕育凝结，所以不坚重香凝，仅形成这种物体，所以为之哀叹，因此命名为“哀”。常中丞在《宦游笔记》中记载军营在羊腹中得到石子，名叫“答”，形状像鸭蛋，颜色紫黄，两头有两个白圈，圆如黄豆，腰部有束带，宽如韭菜叶，颜色青蓝，束带上也有两个白圈，质地细密如玉，滋润如水。《辍耕录》也记载蒙古人求雨，取一盆净水，浸泡几枚石子，持咒语把玩；那石子名叫“答”，产于牲畜腹中，牛马都有，不一定非要是羊。而羊哀与“答”不同，“答”坚硬沉重细致润泽，而羊哀轻松膻臊，也没有束带和白圈。庚戌年冬天，友人李金什在临安西关外的杀羊铺，看见屠夫剖开一只羊，胃中突然涌出一颗弹丸，像鸭蛋黄一样，均匀圆润光洁，浮在水盆上，买回来给我看，我说：这是羊哀，气味膻且松软，不是“答”那一类。他说：屠夫叫它百草丹，说干这行三十年，只取得三枚，也不容易遇到。这种东西只有山羊才产生，因为山羊吃百草，偶尔吃到异草或石乳，其膏液注入胃中，日久凝结而成。胃是精气往来的地方，日为气运动，所以形成的物体多圆如丸。“答”结在腹中，不被气扰动，所以形状扁圆如石。李金什就把这个送给我，我再次仔细查看，它的质地松但也很坚固，闻起来有羊臊气，外表色泽光腻，俨然像油润一样，其体质非石非酥，像腐草融结，这才相信《说略》中记载羊哀像湿茅纸的说法是不谬误的。因此附记在这里，等待研究事物的君子们折衷评判。按：《百草镜》记载：羊[哀]结成在羊腹中，颜色微黑，可治反胃。或许就是这种吧。
In the "Materia Medica" (Bencao Gangmu), under the section on livestock and cattle, the "Stomach Reversal Method" (Dao Cang Fa) is attached, but there is no record of the preparation method for Xiataian Gao (Cattle Sky Paste). In recent times, its use has been quite frequent, so I append its preparation method here. *Bencao Jingshu* (Elucidation of Materia Medica) also lists it as a specialized remedy. Its method involves using thirty to forty catties of fat and tender yellow beef, washing it extremely clean, boiling it in water until it becomes a meat paste, filtering out the dregs, and then further simmering it into a paste for use. Miao Zhongchun stated: The Stomach belongs to Earth and is the sea of water and grain, accepting all things. When the Stomach is diseased, water and grain cannot be transported and transformed in time, stagnating to become phlegm-fluids (Tan Yin). If these obstruct the meridians, they manifest as conditions such as accumulated phlegm, old phlegm, and knotted phlegm; if internal heat due to Yin deficiency generates phlegm, it leads to hemiplegia and deviation of the mouth and eyes; if phlegm lingers in the intestines and stomach, it forms retained fluids and masses; if phlegm surges upward with Qi, it causes rapid panting and coma/stupor; if phlegm flows into the muscles, it forms tubercles. Wang Yinjun discussed that all human diseases stem from phlegm; however, the generation of phlegm is fundamentally caused by the deficiency of the Spleen and Stomach failing to transport and transform. Only by using Xiataian Gao to treat various phlegm conditions can one understand why: Cattle are earth animals, their color is like yellow earth, and the taste of their meat corresponds to the Stomach. Simmered into liquid, though having form, it lacks turbid quality. Using substances governed by the Spleen and Stomach to treat diseases generated by them allows it to penetrate from the intestines and stomach into the skin and hair pores, searching out and eliminating all lingering and knotted phlegm. Individuals with Yin deficiency and internal heat often have much phlegm; this arises because fluid depletion and blazing fire boil body fluids, condensing them into phlegm that is sticky and difficult to disperse. Such cases also require combining this paste with Zhu Li (Bamboo Sap), Bei Mu (Fritillaria Bulb), Ju Hong (Tangerine Peel), Su Zi (Perilla Seed), Gua Lou Gen (Trichosanthes Root), and Gou Gu Ye (Ilex Cornuta Leaf) to resolve it; or forming pills/qu with Ju Pi (Tangerine Peel), Bai Fu Ling (Poria), Su Zi, Bai Dou Kou Ren (Cardamom Seed), Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber), and Cang Zhu (Atractylodes Rhizome) to treat Spleen-Stomach accumulated phlegm; or forming pills/qu with Ju Pi, Bei Mu, Su Zi, Gua Lou Gen and its seeds, and Peng Sha (Borax) to treat accumulated heat-phlegm knots.
Xiataian Gao is sweet, warm, non-toxic. It treats wind-stroke hemiplegia, deviation of the mouth and eyes, phlegm-saliva obstructing the five zang and six fu organs, lingering phlegm, retained fluids, masses, and phlegm nodules in the skin of hands and feet. [Note: The text here conflates descriptions or refers to a specific nodule type]. These nodules are round like pellets, varying in size, produced in the sheep's abdomen within the stomach, existing only in goats, not in Hu sheep. This is because sheep eat hundred herbs, and their essence gathers in the stomach; over time, this object forms. Commonly called Baicao Dan (Hundred Herb Pill), it is similar to Niu Huang (Calculus Bovis) and Gou Bao (Calculus Canis). Niu Huang is fine, loose, and fragrant, hence named "Huang"; Gou Bao is mottled white, hard and solid like stone, hence named "Bao". This object, however, resembles a clump of rotten grass, is light and airy, and smells sheepy. People often pity it for not being as exquisite as Niu Huang or Gou Bao, yet it is produced in the sheep's abdomen, absorbing the essence of sun and moon, and formed by consuming exotic herbs, thus lacking hardness, weight, fragrance, and solidity, resulting only in this object. Hence, we lament it, naming it "Ai" (Lament). Chang Zhongcheng's *Huanyou Biji* (Notes from Official Travels) records finding a stone in a sheep's abdomen in military camps, named "Da". It is shaped like a duck egg, purple-yellow in color, with two white rings at each end, round like a soybean. A belt-like constriction around the waist is as wide as a leek leaf, blue-green in color, with two more white rings on the belt. Its texture is fine as jade and moist as water. *Zhuo Geng Lu* also records Mongolians seeking rain by soaking several stones in clear water and chanting mantras while handling them; these stones are named "Da", produced in animal abdomens, found in cattle and horses, not necessarily sheep. However, Yang Ai differs from Da. Da is hard, heavy, fine, and moist, whereas Yang Ai is light, sheepy, and lacks the belt and white rings. In the winter of Gengxu year, my friend Li Jinshi, outside the West Gate of Lin'an at a sheep slaughterhouse, saw a butcher dissect a sheep, from whose stomach suddenly emerged a pellet, like a duck egg yolk, uniform, round, smooth, floating on a basin of water. He bought it and showed it to me. I said: This is Yang Ai, smelling sheepy and soft, not of the Da category. He replied: The butcher calls it Baicao Dan, saying he has worked for thirty years and obtained only three pieces; it is rare. This substance is generated only in goats because they eat hundred herbs; occasionally biting exotic herbs or rock milk, their gum/liquid enters the stomach and condenses over time. The stomach is where essence and Qi circulate, and the Sun moves Qi, so the condensed objects are mostly round like pills. Da forms in the abdomen, undisturbed by Qi movement, hence flat-round like a stone. Jinshi gifted this to me. Upon closer inspection, its texture was loose yet firm, smelling of sheep musk, with a glossy, oily appearance externally. Its substance was neither stone nor butter, resembling fused rotting grass. I then believed the statement in *Shuolue* that Yang Ai resembles wet thatch paper was correct. Thus, I append this record here, awaiting the judgment of gentlemen who investigate things. According to *Baicao Jing*: Sheep [Ai] forms in the sheep's abdomen, is slightly black, and can treat regurgitation. Perhaps this is it?
It resolves the toxicity of hundred herbal medicines and treats dysphagia (Ye Ge) and vomiting food (Fan Wei).
My note: *Cihang Huoren Shu* records: Collecting sheep dung on the Fifth Day of the Fifth Month, named Baicao Dan, can cure malaria. This is different from the grass accumulated in the sheep's stomach, which must not be confused.