（《日华》）
【释名】泉、孔方兄、上清童子（《纲目》）、青蚨。
时珍曰∶《管子》言∶禹以历山之金铸币，以救人困，此钱之始也。至周太公立九府泉
法，泉体圆含方，轻重以铢，周流四方，有泉之象，故曰泉。后转为钱。鲁褒《钱神论》云∶
为世神宝，亲爱如兄，字曰孔方。又昔有钱精，自称上清童子。青蚨血涂子母钱，见虫部。
【集解】颂曰∶凡铸铜之物，多和以锡。《考工记》云∶攻金之工，金有六剂，是也。
药用古文钱、铜弩牙之类，皆有锡，故其用近之。
宗 曰∶古钱其铜焦赤有毒，能腐蚀坏肉，非特为有锡也。此说非是。但取周景王时大
泉五十及宝货，秦半两，汉荚钱、大小五铢，吴大泉五百、大钱当千，宋四铢、二铢，及梁
四柱、北齐常平五铢之类，方可用。
时珍曰∶古文钱，但得五百年之外者即可用，而唐高祖所铸开元通宝，得轻重大小之中
，尤为古今所重。綦毋氏《钱神论》云∶黄金为父，白银为母，铅为长男，锡为适妇，其性
坚刚，须水终始，体圆应天，孔方效地，此乃铸钱之法也。三伏铸钱，其汁不清，俗名炉冻，
盖火克金也。唐人端午于江心铸镜，亦此意也。
【气味】辛，平，有毒。
时珍曰∶同胡桃嚼即碎，相制也。
【主治】翳障，明目，疗风赤眼，盐卤浸用。妇人生产横逆，心腹痛，月膈五淋，烧以
醋淬用（大明）。大青钱煮汁服，通五淋；磨入目，主盲障肤赤；和薏苡根煮服，止心腹痛
（藏器）。
【发明】宗 曰∶古钱有毒，治目中障瘀，腐蚀坏肉，妇人横逆产，五淋，多用之。予
少时常患赤目肿痛，数日不能开。客有教以生姜一块，洗净去皮，以古青铜钱刮汁点之。初
甚苦，热泪蔑面，然终无损。后有患者，教之，往往疑惑；信士点之，无不一点遂愈，更不
须再。但作疮者，不可用也。
时珍曰∶以胡桃同嚼食二、三枚，能消便毒。便毒属肝，金伐木也。
【附方】旧一，新二十一。
时气欲死∶大钱百文，水一斗煮八升，入麝香末三分，稍饮至尽，或吐或下愈。（《肘
后方》）
时气温病，头痛壮热脉大，始得一日者。比轮钱一百五十七文，水一斗，煮取七升，服
汁。
须臾复以水五升，更煮一升，以水二升投中，合得三升，出钱饮汁，当吐毒出也。（《肘
后方》）
心腹烦满及胸胁痛欲死者。比轮钱二十枚，水五升，煮三升，分三服。（《肘后方》）
急心气痛∶古文钱一个（打碎），大核桃三个，同炒热，入醋一碗冲服。（《杨诚经验方》）
霍乱转筋∶青铜钱四十九枚，木瓜一两，乌梅（炒）五枚。水二盏，煎分温服。（《圣济
录》）
慢脾惊风，利痰奇效∶用开元通宝钱背后上下有两月痕者，其色淡黑，颇小。以一个放
铁匙上，炭火烧四围上下，各出珠子，取出候冷，倾入盏中，作一服，以南木香汤送下，或
人参汤亦可。钱虽利痰，非胃家所好，须以木香佐之。（《杨仁斋直指方》）
下血不止∶大古钱四百文，酒三升，煮二升，分三服。（《普济方》）
赤白带下∶铜钱四十文。酒四升，煮取二升，分三服。（《千金方》）
小便气淋∶比轮钱三百文。水一斗，煮取三升，温服。（《千金方》）
沙石淋痛∶古文钱，煮汁服。（《普济方》）
伤水喘急，因年少饮冷水惊恐所致者。古文钱七枚（洗净），白梅七个，水一钟，同浸
三宿，空心一呷，良久得吐效。（《仁存方》）
唇肿黑痛，痒不可忍∶四文大钱于石上磨猪脂汁涂之，不过数遍愈。（《幼幼新书》）
口内热疮∶青钱二十文，烧赤投酒中服之，立瘥。（陈藏器《本草》）
眼赤生疮，连年不愈。古钱一文，青江石一个，洗净，以钱于石上磨蜜，取浓汁三、四
滴在盏，覆瓦上，以艾灸瓦内七壮熏蜜，取点之，效。（《普济方》）
赤目浮翳∶古钱一文，盐方寸匕，治筛点之。（《千金方》）
目猝不见∶钱于石上磨汁，注 中。（《普济方》）
目生珠管及肤翳。铜钱青一两，细墨半两，为末，醋丸白豆大。每以一丸，乳汁、新汲
水各少许，浸化点之。（《圣惠方》）
腋下狐臭∶古文钱十文，铁线串烧，醋淬十次，入麝香研末，调涂。（《应急良方》）
跌扑伤损∶半两钱五个（火 醋淬四十九次），甜瓜子五钱，珍珠二钱。研末。每服一
字，
好酒调，随上下，食前后。（《青囊》）
误吞铁钱∶古文铜钱十个，白梅肉十个，淹过即烂，捣丸绿豆大。每服一丸，流水吞下，
即吐出。（《圣济录》）
百虫入耳∶青钱十四文，煎猪膏二合，少少滴之。（《圣济录》）
便毒初起∶方见发明下。
（引自《日华子本草》）
【释名】泉、孔方兄、上清童子（引自《本草纲目》）、青蚨。
李时珍说：《管子》一书中记载，大禹利用历山的金属铸造货币，用来解救百姓的困境，这是钱币的起源。到了周朝，周公旦制定了九府泉法，钱币形体圆而内含方形，重量以铢为单位，流通于四方，具有泉水流动之象，所以称为“泉”。后来演变为“钱”。鲁褒在《钱神论》中说：钱币是世间的宝物，人们像爱兄长一样亲近它，给它起名叫“孔方”。又传说有钱的精怪，自称“上清童子”。用青蚨的血涂在母子钱上，详见虫部。
【集解】苏颂说：凡是铸造铜器，大多掺和锡。《考工记》中说：从事冶炼金属的工匠，合金有六种配比，说的就是这个道理。药用古文钱、铜弩牙等物品，都含有锡，所以它们的药性相近。
寇宗奭说：古钱的铜质焦红发赤，有毒，能腐蚀损坏肌肉，不仅仅是因为含有锡的缘故。这种说法是不对的。只要选取周景王时期的大泉五十及宝货，秦朝的半两钱，汉朝的荚钱、大小五铢钱，吴国的大泉五百、大钱当千，宋朝的四铢、二铢钱，以及梁朝的四柱钱、北齐的常平五铢钱等，才可以使用。
李时珍说：古文钱，只要是五百年以上的就可以使用，而唐高祖铸造的开元通宝，轻重大小适中，尤其被古今所重视。綦毋氏在《钱神论》中说：黄金为父，白银为母，铅为长子，锡为嫡妻，其性质坚硬刚强，需要用水来最终定型，形体圆对应天，孔方对应地，这就是铸钱的法则。在三伏天铸钱，其熔液不清澈，俗名叫“炉冻”，这是因为火克金的关系。唐代人在端午节于江心铸镜，也是这个意思。
【气味】辛味，平性，有毒。
【主治】治疗眼翳障膜，明目，治疗风热引起的红眼，用盐卤浸泡后使用（引自《大明本草》）。煮大青钱的汁服用，可通利五种淋证；磨成汁滴入眼中，主治白内障及眼睛发红；与薏苡根一起煮服，可止心腹痛（引自陈藏器）。
【发明】寇宗奭说：古钱有毒，用于治疗眼中的障瘀，会腐蚀坏肉，也用于妇人难产、五种淋证，多用此药。我年轻时经常患红眼肿痛，几天睁不开眼。有位客人教我用一块生姜，洗净去皮，用古青铜钱刮取姜汁滴眼。起初很苦，热泪满面，但最终没有损伤。后来有患病者，我也这样教他们，往往有人怀疑；相信的人滴了之后，没有不一点就好的，而且不需要再用第二次。但是如果是生疮的人，不可使用。
李时珍说：将胡桃同嚼食二、三枚，能消除便毒。便毒属于肝经病变，这是金（铜钱）伐木（肝）的原理。
【附方】旧方一个，新方二十一个。
时气病危重欲死：大钱一百文，水一斗，煮至八升，加入麝香末三分，慢慢饮尽，或者通过呕吐或腹泻排出毒素而痊愈。（引自《肘后备急方》）
时气温病，头痛高热脉大，发病第一天的。比轮钱一百五十七文，水一斗，煮取七升，服用药汁。
一会儿再用五升水，重新煮取一升，将前次药汁倒入其中，混合得到三升，取出钱币，饮用剩下的药汁，应当会将毒素吐出。（引自《肘后备急方》）
心腹烦闷胀满及胸胁疼痛欲死者。比轮钱二十枚，水五升，煮至三升，分三次服用。（引自《肘后备急方》）
急性心气痛：古文钱一枚（打碎），大核桃三个，一起炒热，加入一碗醋冲服。（引自《杨诚经验方》）
霍乱转筋：青铜钱四十九枚，木瓜一两，乌梅（炒）五枚。水两盏，煎煮后分温两次服用。（引自《圣济总录》）
慢脾惊风，祛痰奇效：选用开元通宝钱背后上下有两个月牙痕的，颜色淡黑，体型较小。取一枚放在铁匙上，用炭火烧四周及上下，各烧出珠子状物，取出冷却后，倾入杯中，作为一次剂量，用南木香汤送下，用人参汤也可以。钱虽然能利痰，但并非胃家所喜，必须用木香辅助。（引自《杨仁斋直指方》）
下血不止：大古钱四百文，酒三升，煮至二升，分三次服用。（引自《普济方》）
赤白带下：铜钱四十文。酒四升，煮取二升，分三次服用。（引自《千金方》）
小便气淋：比轮钱三百文。水一斗，煮取三升，温服。（引自《千金方》）
沙石淋痛：古文钱，煮汁服用。（引自《普济方》）
伤水喘急，因年少喝冷水受惊恐所致者。古文钱七枚（洗净），白梅七个，水一钟，共同浸泡三个夜晚，空腹喝一口，过一会儿吐出来见效。（引自《仁存方》）
嘴唇肿黑疼痛，痒得难以忍受：用四文大钱在石头上磨取猪脂汁涂抹，不超过几遍就能痊愈。（引自《幼幼新书》）
口内热疮：青钱二十文，烧红后投入酒中服用，立即痊愈。（引自陈藏器《本草》）
眼睛发红生疮，连年不愈。古钱一文，青江石一块，洗净，用钱在石头上磨蜜，取浓汁三四滴在杯中，盖上瓦片，用艾草灸瓦内侧七壮熏蒸蜂蜜，取蜂蜜点眼，有效。（引自《普济方》）
红眼浮翳：古钱一文，盐一方寸匕，研磨筛细后点眼。（引自《千金方》）
眼睛突然失明：钱在石头上磨成汁，滴入眼中。（引自《普济方》）
眼睛生珠管及肤翳。铜钱青一两，细墨半两，研成粉末，用醋制成如白豆大的丸剂。每次取一丸，用少许乳汁和新汲水浸化后点眼。（引自《圣惠方》）
腋下狐臭：古文钱十文，用铁丝串起来烧红，用醋淬炼十次，加入麝香研成粉末，调和后涂抹。（引自《应急良方》）
跌扑损伤：半两钱五个（用火醋淬炼四十九次），甜瓜子五钱，珍珠二钱。研成粉末。每次服用一字量，用好酒调服，根据病情上下部位，饭前或饭后服用。（引自《青囊秘传》）
误吞铁钱：古文铜钱十个，白梅肉十个，浸泡后变烂，捣碎制成绿豆大的丸剂。每次服用一丸，用流水吞下，随即吐出。（引自《圣济总录》）
百虫入耳：青钱十四文，煎猪油二合，少量滴入耳中。（引自《圣济总录》）
便毒初起：方法见【发明】项下。
(Cited from *Ri Hua Zi Ben Cao*)
[Names] Quan (Spring/Money), Kong Fang Xiong (Brother Square Hole), Shang Qing Tong Zi (Pure Youth Boy, cited from *Ben Cao Gang Mu*), Qing Fu.
Li Shizhen stated: The book *Guanzi* records that Yu the Great used metal from Lishan to cast currency to relieve people's distress; this marks the beginning of money. During the Zhou Dynasty, the Duke of Zhou established the Nine Offices Currency Law. The currency was round with a square hole inside, weighed in units of zhu, and circulated widely, resembling flowing water; hence it was called "Quan" (Spring). It later evolved into "Qian" (Money). Lu Bao wrote in *Qian Shen Lun* (Discourse on the Spirit of Money): "It is a divine treasure of the world, loved like a brother, named Kong Fang." Legend has it that there was a spirit of money calling itself "Shang Qing Tong Zi." Applying the blood of Qing Fu insects to mother-and-child coins is described in the Insect section.
[Collection and Explanation] Su Song said: In casting copper objects, tin is often alloyed. The *Kaogong Ji* (Artificers' Record) states that artisans working with metals use six specific alloys. Medicinal ancient coins and bronze crossbow triggers contain tin, so their medicinal properties are similar.
Kou Zongshi said: Ancient coins have scorched red copper which is toxic and can corrode flesh, not merely because they contain tin. This view is incorrect. One should select coins such as Da Quan Wu Shi and Bao Huo from King Jing of Zhou, Ban Liang from Qin, Jia Qian and Da/Xiao Wu Zhu from Han, Da Quan Wu Bai and Da Qian Dang Qian from Wu, Si Zhu and Er Zhu from Song, and Si Zhu and Chang Ping Wu Zhu from Liang and Northern Qi for medicinal use.
Li Shizhen said: Ancient coins over five hundred years old can be used. The Kai Yuan Tong Bao cast by Emperor Gaozu of Tang, being moderate in weight and size, is particularly valued throughout history. Qi Wu Shi in *Qian Shen Lun* stated: Gold is the father, silver is the mother, lead is the eldest son, and tin is the legitimate wife. Their nature is hard and rigid, requiring water for final shaping; the round shape corresponds to Heaven, and the square hole corresponds to Earth. This is the method of casting coins. Casting coins during the Sanfu (Dog Days) results in unclear melt, commonly called "Lu Dong" (Furnace Freeze), due to Fire overcoming Metal. Tang people casting mirrors in river centers on Dragon Boat Festival followed this principle.
[Flavor and Properties] Pungent, Neutral, Toxic.
Li Shizhen said: When chewed together with walnuts, they crumble easily, demonstrating mutual restriction.
[Indications] Treats eye cataracts and obstructions, improves vision, treats wind-heat red eyes (soaked in salt brine). Boiling Da Qing Qian (Large Green Coins) and drinking the juice unblocks the five types of Lin syndrome (dysuria); grinding into juice and applying to eyes treats blindness and redness; boiling with Yiyi Gen (Coix Root) stops heart and abdominal pain (Chen Cangqi).
[Elucidation] Kou Zongshi said: Ancient coins are toxic; they treat eye obstructions and stasis by corroding bad flesh, and are used for difficult labor and Lin syndrome. I once suffered from red, swollen, painful eyes for days. A guest taught me to take a piece of ginger, peel it, and scrape juice using an ancient bronze coin to apply to the eyes. It was initially bitter, causing tears to flow, but caused no harm. Later patients doubted this advice, but those who trusted it were cured instantly without needing repetition. However, it should not be used for open sores.
Li Shizhen said: Chewing two or three walnuts can eliminate Bi Du (groin abscesses). Bi Du belongs to the Liver meridian; this treatment uses Metal (coin) to subdue Wood (Liver).
[Attached Prescriptions] One old prescription, twenty-one new prescriptions.
Shi Qi (Seasonal Miasma) critical condition: 100 large coins boiled in one dou of water until reduced to eight sheng. Add three fen of Moschus powder. Drink slowly until finished; cure occurs via vomiting or purging (*Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang*).
Seasonal warm disease with headache, high fever, and large pulse, on the first day: 157 Bi Lun coins boiled in one dou of water until seven sheng remain. Drink the decoction.
Subsequently, add five sheng of water, boil again to obtain one sheng, mix with the previous three sheng. Remove coins and drink the liquid; toxins will be vomited out (*Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang*).
Heart and abdominal fullness/distress and chest/hypochondriac pain nearing death: 20 Bi Lun coins boiled in five sheng of water until three sheng remain. Divide into three doses (*Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang*).
Acute Heart Qi Pain: One ancient coin (crushed) and three large walnuts stir-fried hot. Mix with one bowl of vinegar and drink (*Yang Cheng Jing Yan Fang*).
Huo Luan with muscle spasms: 49 bronze coins, one liang of Chaenomelis Fructus (Qua Mu), five fried Semen Pruni Mume (Wu Mei). Decoct in two zhan of water and take warm in divided doses (*Sheng Ji Lu*).
Slow Spleen Convulsion (Man Pi Jing Feng), miraculous for phlegm: Use Kai Yuan Tong Bao coins with two crescent marks on the back, pale black in color and small. Place one on an iron spoon, heat edges and top with charcoal until beads form. Cool, pour into a cup. Take as one dose with Nan Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix) decoction or Ren Shen (Ginseng) decoction. Although coins resolve phlegm, they are harsh on the Stomach, so Mu Xiang assists (*Yang Ren Zhai Zhi Zhi Fang*).
Continuous Hematochezia: 400 large ancient coins boiled in three sheng of wine until two sheng remain. Divide into three doses (*Pu Ji Fang*).
Red and White Leukorrhea: 40 copper coins boiled in four sheng of wine until two sheng remain. Divide into three doses (*Qian Jin Fang*).
Qi Lin (Gas Dysuria): 300 Bi Lun coins boiled in one dou of water until three sheng remain. Take warm (*Qian Jin Fang*).
Sha Shi Lin (Sand/Stone Dysuria) pain: Ancient coins, decoct and drink juice (*Pu Ji Fang*).
Water-injury wheezing due to cold drinks and fright in youth: Seven ancient coins (washed) and seven white plums soaked in one zhong of water for three nights. Sip empty stomach; induce vomiting for effect (*Ren Cun Fang*).
Lip swelling, blackness, pain, unbearable itching: Grind four large coins on stone with pig fat juice and apply. Cured in a few applications (*You You Xin Shu*).
Heat sores in mouth: Twenty green coins heated red and thrown into wine. Drink immediately for cure (Chen Cangqi *Ben Cao*).
Red eyes with sores, chronic: One ancient coin and one Qing Jiang Stone. Clean stone, grind honey with coin on stone. Take 3-4 drops thick juice in a cup, cover with tile, moxa-burn tile interior seven times to fumigate honey. Apply drop to eye (*Pu Ji Fang*).
Red eyes with floating cataract: One ancient coin and one cun-bi of salt. Grind, sieve, and apply to eye (*Qian Jin Fang*).
Sudden blindness: Grind coin on stone to make juice, instill into eye (*Pu Ji Fang*).
Pearl tube and skin cataract in eyes: One liang of verdigris from copper coins, half liang of fine ink. Powderize, make pills with vinegar size of white beans. Soak one pill in milk and fresh water, apply to eye (*Sheng Hui Fang*).
Axillary osmidrosis: Ten ancient coins strung with iron wire, burned red, quenched in vinegar ten times. Mix with powdered Moschus and apply (*Ying Ji Liang Fang*).
Traumatic injury: Five Ban Liang coins (quenched in vinegar 49 times), five qian of Tian Gua Zi (Benedictae Semen), two qian of Zhen Zhu (Margarita). Powderize. Take one zi dose mixed with good wine, according to location, before or after meals (*Qing Nang*).
Accidental swallowing of iron coin: Ten ancient copper coins and ten white plum meats. Soak until soft, pound into pills size of mung beans. Swallow one pill with running water; coin will be expelled (*Sheng Ji Lu*).
Insects entering ear: Fourteen green coins fried in two he of lard. Drip sparingly into ear (*Sheng Ji Lu*).
Early stage Bi Du: See [Elucidation].