（宋《开宝》）
【释名】摩挲石。
时珍曰∶姚宽《西溪丛话》云∶舶船过产石山下，爱其石，以手扪之，故曰摩挲。不知
然否？
【集解】志曰∶婆娑石生南海，胡人采得之。其石绿色，无斑点，有金星，磨成乳汁者
为上。又有豆斑石，虽亦解毒，而功力不及。复有鄂绿，有纹理，磨铁成铜色，人多以此为
之，非真也。验法∶以水磨点鸡冠热血，当化成水是也。
宗 曰∶石如淡色石绿，间微有金星者佳。又有豆斑石，亦如此石，但有黑斑点，无金
星。
颂曰∶胡人尤珍贵之，以金装饰作指驱带之。
每欲食及食罢，辄含吮数次以防毒。今人有得指面许块，则价直百金也。
时珍曰∶《庚辛玉册》云∶摩挲石，阳石也。出三佛齐。海南有山，五色耸峙，其石有
光焰。其水下滚如箭，船过其下，人以刀斧击取。烧之作硫黄气。以形如黄龙齿而坚重者为
佳。匮五金，伏三黄，制铅汞。
【气味】甘、淡，寒，无毒。
【主治】解一切药毒，瘴疫热闷头痛（《开宝》）。
（宋《嘉 》）
【释名】青礞石时珍曰∶其色 然，故名。
【集解】时珍曰∶礞石，江北诸山往往有之，以 山出者为佳。有青、白二种，以青者
为佳。坚细而青黑，打开中有白星点， 后则星黄如麸金。其无星点者，不入药用。通城县
一山产之，工人以为器物。
【修治】时珍曰∶用大坩锅一个，以礞石四两打碎，入硝石四两拌匀。炭火十五斤簇定，
至硝尽，其石色如金为度。取出研末，水飞去消毒，晒干用。
【气味】甘、咸，平，无毒。
【主治】食积不消，留滞脏腑，宿食症块久不瘥。小儿食积羸瘦，妇人积年食症，攻刺
心腹。得巴豆、 砂、大黄、荆三棱作丸服，良（《嘉 》）。治积痰惊痫，咳嗽喘急（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶青礞石气平味咸，其性下行，阴也沉也，乃厥阴之药。肝经风木太过，
来制脾土，气不运化，积滞生痰，壅塞上中二焦，变生风热诸病，故宜此药重坠。制以硝石，
其性疏快，使木平气下，而痰积通利，诸证自除。汤衡《婴孩宝书》，言礞石乃治惊利痰之
圣药。吐痰在水上，以石末糁之，痰即随水而下，则其沉坠之性可知。然止可用之救急，气
弱脾虚者，不宜久服。杨士瀛谓其功能利痰，而性非胃家所好。如慢惊之类，皆宜佐以木香。
而王隐君则谓痰为百病，不论虚实寒热，概用滚痰丸通治百病，岂理也哉？朱丹溪言∶一老
人忽病目盲，乃大虚证，一医与礞石药服之，至夜而死。吁！此乃盲医虚虚之过，礞石岂杀
人者乎？况目盲之病，与礞石并不相干。
【附方】新四。
滚痰丸∶通治痰为百病，惟水泻双娠者不可服。礞石、焰硝各二两（ 过研飞晒干，
一两），大黄（酒蒸）八两，黄芩（酒洗）八两，沉香五钱。为末，水丸梧子大。常服一、
二十丸，欲利大便则服一、二百丸，温水下。（王隐君《养生主论》）
一切积病∶金宝神丹∶治一切虚冷久积，滑泄久痢，癖块，血刺心腹，下痢，及妇人
崩中漏下。青礞石半斤（为末），硝石（末）二两。坩锅内铺头盖底，按实。炭火二十斤，
过
取出，入赤石脂末二两，滴水丸芡子大；候干，入坩锅内，小火 红，收之。每服一丸至二、
三丸，空心温水下，以少食压之。久病泻痢，加至五、七丸。（《杨氏家藏方》）
急慢惊风∶夺命散∶治急慢惊风，痰涎壅塞咽喉，命在须臾，服此坠下风痰，乃治惊利
痰之圣药也。真礞石一两，焰硝一两。同 过为末。每服半钱或一钱。急惊痰热者，薄荷自
然汁入生蜜调下；慢惊脾虚者，木香汤入熟蜜调下。亦或雪糕丸绿豆大，每服二、三丸。（汤
氏《婴孩宝书》）
小儿急惊∶青礞石，磨水服。（《卫生方》）
（宋代《开宝本草》记载）
【释名】摩挲石。
李时珍说：姚宽在《西溪丛话》中记载：商船经过产石山山下，人们喜爱那里的石头，用手抚摸它，所以叫“摩挲”。不知道是否如此？
【集解】苏颂说：婆娑石产于南海，由胡人开采得到。这种石头呈绿色，没有斑点，含有金星，研磨后能变成乳汁状的为上品。又有豆斑石，虽然也能解毒，但药效不如前者。另外还有鄂绿石，有纹理，磨铁能变成铜色，很多人用这种石头冒充真品，其实不是真的。验证方法：用水研磨此石滴入鸡冠热血中，若能化成水状的就是真品。
寇宗奭说：石头像淡绿色的石绿，间或微有金星的为佳。又有豆斑石，也类似这种石头，只是有黑斑点，没有金星。
苏颂说：胡人特别珍贵这种石头，用金子装饰做成指环带子佩戴。每次想吃东西或吃完饭后，就含吮几次以防中毒。现在有人得到指甲盖大小的一块，价值就高达百金。
李时珍说：《庚辛玉册》记载：摩挲石是阳石。出产于三佛齐国。海南有一座山，五色耸立，山上的石头有光焰。那里的水流滚落如箭，船经过下面时，人们用刀斧击取石头。烧灼时有硫磺的气味。以形状像黄龙牙齿且坚硬沉重的为佳品。它能克制五金，伏制三黄，制约铅汞。
【气味】味甘、淡，性寒，无毒。
【主治】解除各种药物中毒，治疗瘴气疫病引起的热闷头痛（出自《开宝本草》）。
（宋代《嘉祐本草》记载）
【释名】青礞石。李时珍说：它的颜色青碧，所以得名。
【集解】李时珍说：礞石在江北各山往往都有，以某山出产的为佳。有青色和白色两种，以青色的为佳。质地坚硬细腻而青黑，打开后里面有白色的星点，煅烧后星点变黄如麸金。那些没有星点的，不入药使用。通城县的一座山出产这种石头，工人把它用来制作器物。
【修治】李时珍说：用一个大的坩埚，将四两礞石打碎，加入四两硝石拌匀。用十五斤炭火围定，直到硝石完全熔化消失，石头颜色变成金色为止。取出研成粉末，用水飞法去除毒性杂质，晒干后使用。
【气味】味甘、咸，性平，无毒。
【主治】治疗食积不消，停滞在脏腑，宿食形成的症块久不痊愈。小儿因食积导致的消瘦，妇人多年的食积症，攻刺心腹疼痛。配合巴豆、砂仁、大黄、荆三棱制成丸剂服用，效果良好（出自《嘉祐本草》）。治疗积痰引起的惊痫，咳嗽喘急（李时珍补充）。
【发明】李时珍说：青礞石气平味咸，其性质下行，属阴且沉重，是厥阴肝经的药物。如果肝经风木之气太过，来克制脾土，导致气机不运化，产生积滞生痰，壅塞在上焦和中焦，变生出风热等各种疾病，所以适宜用这种重坠的药。用硝石炮制，硝石性质疏快，能使肝木平和、气机下降，从而使痰积通利，各种病症自然消除。汤衡的《婴孩宝书》中说，礞石是治疗惊风、利痰的圣药。吐出的痰浮在水面上，撒上石末，痰就会随水下沉，这就可知它沉坠的性质。然而只可用于急救，气弱脾虚的人，不宜长期服用。杨士瀛认为它的功能是利痰，但性质并非胃家所喜好。如果是慢惊风之类，都应当佐以木香。而王隐君则认为痰是百病之源，不论虚实寒热，一概用滚痰丸通治百病，这难道合乎道理吗？朱丹溪说：有一位老人突然患病失明，这是大虚证，一位医生给他服用礞石药，到了晚上就死了。唉！这是庸医误补致虚的错误，礞石难道是杀人的毒药吗？况且失明的病，与礞石并不相干。
【附方】新收录四方。
滚痰丸：通治痰引起的百病，只有水泻和孕妇不可服用。礞石、焰硝各二两（煅过研细飞晒去毒，取一两），大黄（酒蒸）八两，黄芩（酒洗）八两，沉香五钱。研成粉末，用水泛丸如梧桐子大。常服一二十丸，想要通利大便则服一两百丸，温水送下。（出自王隐君《养生主论》）
一切积病：金宝神丹：治疗一切虚冷久积，滑泄久痢，癖块，血刺心腹，下痢，以及妇人崩中漏下。青礞石半斤（研末），硝石（末）二两。在坩锅内铺头盖底，按实。用二十斤炭火，煅烧至红透取出，加入赤石脂末二两，滴水泛丸如芡子大；待干燥后，再放入坩锅内，用小火煅烧至红，收存。每次服一丸至二三丸，空腹温水送下，用少量食物压住药力。久病泻痢，加至五七丸。（出自《杨氏家藏方》）
急慢惊风：夺命散：治疗急慢惊风，痰涎壅塞咽喉，生命垂危，服用此药可坠下风痰，是治疗惊风利痰的圣药。真礞石一两，焰硝一两。同炒过研成粉末。每次服半钱或一钱。急惊痰热者，用薄荷自然汁加入生蜜调服；慢惊脾虚者，用木香汤加入熟蜜调服。也可以做成雪糕丸大小如绿豆，每次服二三丸。（出自汤氏《婴孩宝书》）
小儿急惊：青礞石，磨水服用。（出自《卫生方》）
(Song Dynasty *Kaibao Bencao* Record)
[Names] Mosuo Shi (Moss-Feeling Stone).
Li Shizhen states: Yao Kuan, in *Xi Xi Cong Hua*, records that merchant ships passing by the foot of the Mountain of Producing Stones, people loved the stones there and rubbed them with their hands, hence the name "Mosuo" (rubbing). It is unknown if this is correct.
[Collection and Explanation] Su Song states: Posuo Shi grows in the South Sea and is mined by Hu people. The stone is green, without spots, contains gold stars, and when ground into a milky substance, it is considered superior. There is also Dou Ban Shi (Bean-Spotted Stone), which can also detoxify but is less potent. Additionally, there is E Lv (Green Ore with Veins), which has veins and turns iron copper-colored when ground; many people use this to counterfeit the real thing, but it is not genuine. Verification method: Grind the stone with water and drip onto fresh blood from a rooster's comb; if it dissolves into water, it is genuine.
Kou Zongshi states: Stones resembling light green malachite with occasional faint gold stars are excellent. There is also Dou Ban Shi, similar to this stone but with black spots and no gold stars.
Su Song states: Hu people highly value this stone, decorating it with gold to wear as finger rings or belts. Before eating or after finishing a meal, one would suck on it several times to prevent poisoning. Now, someone possessing a piece the size of a fingernail is worth a hundred taels of gold.
Li Shizhen states: *Geng Xin Yu Ce* records: Mosuo Shi is a Yang stone. It originates from Sanfoqi (Srivijaya). In Hainan, there is a mountain standing tall in five colors, where the stones have flames/luster. The water rolls down like arrows; when ships pass underneath, people strike and collect the stones with knives and axes. Burning it produces a sulfur smell. Stones shaped like yellow dragon teeth and heavy/solid are best. It can restrain the Five Metals, subdue the Three Yellows, and control lead and mercury.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, bland; Cold; Non-toxic.
[Indications] Resolves toxicity of all medicines; treats heat oppression and headache caused by miasma epidemics (*Kaibao Bencao*).
(Song Dynasty *Jiayou Bencao* Record)
[Names] Qing Meng Shi (Blue Meng Stone). Li Shizhen states: Its color is cyan/greenish-blue, hence the name.
[Collection and Explanation] Li Shizhen states: Meng Shi is found in mountains north of the Yangtze River, with those from [Specific Mountain] being best. There are two types: blue and white, with blue being superior. It is hard, fine, dark blue-black; when broken open, it contains white star-like points, which turn yellow like bran-gold after calcination. Those without star points are not used medicinally. A mountain in Tongcheng County produces this stone, and workers use it to make utensils.
[Preparation] Li Shizhen states: Use one large crucible. Crush 4 liang of Meng Shi, mix evenly with 4 liang of Niter (Potassium Nitrate). Surround with 15 jin of charcoal fire until the niter completely melts away and the stone turns golden in color. Remove, grind into powder, wash with water using the flying method to remove toxic impurities, dry, and use.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, salty; Neutral; Non-toxic.
[Indications] Treats food stagnation that does not digest, retention in the zang-fu organs, and chronic food-stagnation masses that do not heal. For children emaciated due to food stagnation, and women with chronic food-stagnation syndromes attacking the heart and abdomen. Combined with Croton Seed (Ba Dou), Amomum Fruit (Sha Ren), Rhubarb (Da Huang), and Burreed Tuber (Jing San Leng) made into pills for administration yields good results (*Jiayou Bencao*). Treats phlegm accumulation causing fright seizures, cough, and wheezing (Li Shizhen supplement).
[Invention/Analysis] Li Shizhen states: Qing Meng Shi has neutral qi and salty flavor; its nature descends, belonging to Yin and sinking, making it a herb for the Jueyin Liver Meridian. If Liver Wind-Wood qi becomes excessive and overacts upon Spleen-Earth, causing qi mechanism failure to transport and transform, leading to stagnation generating phlegm, obstructing the Upper and Middle Jiao, and transforming into wind-heat diseases, this heavy-sinking herb is suitable. Processed with Niter, whose nature is dispersing and promoting flow, it calms Wood, descends Qi, unblocks phlegm accumulation, and eliminates various symptoms. Tang Heng’s *Ying Er Bao Shu* states that Meng Shi is a sacred medicine for treating fright and benefiting phlegm. Phlegm vomited floats on water; sprinkling stone powder on it causes the phlegm to sink with the water, demonstrating its heavy-sinking nature. However, it should only be used for emergency relief; those with weak Qi and deficient Spleen should not take it long-term. Yang Shiying stated its function is to benefit phlegm, but its nature is not favored by the Stomach. For conditions like slow fright convulsions, it should be assisted with Costus Root (Mu Xiang). Wang Yinjun, however, claimed phlegm is the root of a hundred diseases and generally used Gun Tan Wan to treat all diseases regardless of deficiency/excess or cold/heat, which is unreasonable. Zhu Danxi said: An elderly man suddenly became blind, indicating a severe deficiency syndrome. A physician administered Meng Shi medicine, and he died that night. Alas! This was the fault of an ignorant doctor worsening deficiency through inappropriate tonification/treatment; is Meng Shi really a killer? Moreover, blindness has nothing to do with Meng Shi.
[Attached Prescriptions] Four new prescriptions.
Gun Tan Wan (Rolling Phlegm Pill): Generally treats phlegm-induced diseases. Contraindicated in watery diarrhea and pregnancy. Meng Shi and Yan Xiao (Calcined Niter) each 2 liang (calcined, ground fine, washed, dried, take 1 liang); Da Huang (wine-steamed) 8 liang; Huang Qin (wine-washed) 8 liang; Chen Xiang 5 qian. Grind into powder, make pills the size of wutong seeds. Daily maintenance dose: 10-20 pills. To promote bowel movement: 100-200 pills, taken with warm water. (Wang Yinjun, *Yang Sheng Zhu Lun*)
All Accumulation Diseases: Jin Bao Shen Dan (Golden Treasure Divine Pill): Treats all chronic accumulations due to deficiency-cold, chronic slippery diarrhea/dysentery, pi-masses, blood stabbing pain in heart/abdomen, dysentery, and uterine bleeding/leukorrhea in women. Qing Meng Shi 8 liang (powder), Xiao Shi (Niter) 2 liang (powder). Line the bottom and top of a crucible with the mixture, pressing firmly. Fire with 20 jin of charcoal until red-hot. Remove, add Chi Shi Zhi (Red Halloysite) powder 2 liang, make pills the size of euryale seeds with water drop method; dry, then place back in crucible, fire gently until red, and store. Take 1-3 pills per dose, empty stomach with warm water, suppress with a little food. For chronic diarrhea/dysentery, increase to 5-7 pills. (*Yang Shi Jia Cang Fang*)
Acute and Chronic Fright Convulsions: Duo Ming San (Life-Seizing Powder): Treats acute/chronic fright convulsions where phlegm-saliva obstructs the throat, life hanging in the balance. This pill sinks wind-phlegm and is a sacred medicine for treating fright and benefiting phlegm. Genuine Meng Shi 1 liang, Yan Xiao 1 liang. Stir-fry together, grind to powder. Take 0.5 qian or 1 qian per dose. For acute fright with phlegm-heat, mix with mint natural juice and raw honey; for chronic fright with Spleen deficiency, mix with Mu Xiang decoction and cooked honey. Alternatively, make pills the size of mung beans, take 2-3 pills per dose. (Tang Shi, *Ying Er Bao Shu*)
Pediatric Acute Fright: Qing Meng Shi, ground with water for oral administration. (*Wei Sheng Fang*)