（《纲目》）
【释名】时珍曰∶其叶类茗，又可作饮，故得茶名。
【集解】时珍曰∶山茶产南方。树生，高者丈许，枝干交加。叶颇似茶叶，而浓硬有棱，
中阔头尖，面绿背淡。深冬开花，红瓣黄蕊。《格古论》云∶花有数种∶宝珠者，花簇如珠，
最胜。海榴茶花蒂青，石榴茶中有碎花，踯躅茶花如杜鹃花，宫粉茶、串珠茶皆粉红色。又
有一捻红、千叶红、千叶白等名，不可胜数，叶各小异。或云亦有黄色者。《虞衡志》
广中有南山茶，花大倍中州者，色微淡，叶薄有毛。结实如梨，大如拳，中有数核，如肥皂
子大。周定王《救荒本草》云∶山茶嫩叶炸熟水淘可食，亦可蒸晒作饮。
花
【气味】缺。
【主治】吐血衄血，肠风下血，
并用红者为末，入童溺、姜汁及酒调服，可代郁金（震亨）。汤火伤灼，研末，麻油调
涂
子
【主治】妇人发 ，研
（《纲目》）
【释名】黄梅花。
时珍曰∶此物本非梅类，因其与梅同时，香又相近，色似蜜蜡，故得此名。
【集解】时珍曰∶蜡梅小树，丛枝尖叶。种凡三种∶以子种出不经接者，腊月开小花
而香淡，名狗蝇梅；经接而花疏，开时含口者，名磬口梅；花密而香浓，色深黄如紫檀者，
名檀香梅，最佳。结实如垂铃，尖长寸余，子在其中。其树皮浸水磨墨，有光采。
花
【气味】辛，温，无毒。
【主治】解暑生津（时珍）。
【山茶】
（出自《本草纲目》）
【释名】李时珍说：它的叶子像茶树，又可以用来泡茶饮用，所以得名“茶”。
【集解】李时珍说：山茶产于南方。它是木本植物，高的有一丈多，枝干交错。叶子很像茶叶，但更浓密坚硬且有棱角，中间宽两头尖，叶面绿色，叶背颜色较淡。深冬开花，花瓣红色，花蕊黄色。《格古论》说：花色有好几种：宝珠茶，花朵簇拥如珍珠，是最好的；海榴茶的花蒂是青色的；石榴茶中有碎花纹；踯躅茶的花朵像杜鹃花；宫粉茶、串珠茶都是粉红色。又有一捻红、千叶红、千叶白等名称，多得数不清，叶子各有微小差异。有人说也有黄色的。《虞衡志》记载：广南地区有南山茶，花朵比中原地区的大一倍，颜色微淡，叶子薄且有毛。结的果实像梨，大如拳头，里面有几个核，大小像肥皂子。周定王的《救荒本草》说：山茶的嫩叶用开水焯熟后用水淘洗可以食用，也可以蒸晒后作为茶饮。
花
【气味】缺失。
【主治】治疗吐血、鼻出血、肠风便血，
都用红色的花研成粉末，加入童便、姜汁和酒调服，可以代替郁金（引用自朱震亨）。治疗烫伤、火烧伤，研成粉末，用麻油调和涂抹。
子
【主治】治疗妇人产后血晕（注：原文“发 ”此处疑为脱字或异体字，结合上下文及中医常识，通常指产后血晕或相关血症，此处依原文留白处理或译为泛指妇科血证），研……
【蜡梅】
（出自《本草纲目》）
【释名】黄梅花。
李时珍说：这种植物本来不属于梅树类，因为它与梅花同时开放，香气又相近，颜色像蜜蜡，所以得到这个名字。
【集解】李时珍说：蜡梅是小灌木，枝条丛生，叶片尖锐。品种共有三种：用种子种植且未经嫁接的，腊月开小花且香味清淡，名叫狗蝇梅；经过嫁接且花朵稀疏，开花时花苞含口未开的，名叫磬口梅；花朵密集且香味浓郁，颜色深黄像紫檀木的，名叫檀香梅，品质最佳。结的果实像垂下的铃铛，尖长一寸多，种子在果实里面。它的树皮浸泡在水中磨墨，会有光泽。
花
【气味】辛味，温性，无毒。
【主治】解除暑热，生津液（李时珍）。
[Camellia]
(From *Bencao Gangmu*)
【Names】Li Shizhen said: Its leaves resemble those of the tea plant (*Camellia sinensis*), and it can be used to make a drink, hence the name "Cha" (Tea).
【Collected Explanations】Li Shizhen said: Camellia grows in the southern regions. It is a tree, reaching heights of up to one zhang (approx. 3.3 meters), with interlaced branches and trunks. The leaves are somewhat similar to tea leaves but are thicker, harder, and have distinct veins; they are broad in the middle and pointed at both ends, green on the upper surface and pale on the lower surface. It blooms in deep winter, with red petals and yellow stamens. *Ge Gu Lun* states: There are several varieties of flowers: Baozhu (Treasure Pearl) camellia, where flowers cluster like pearls, is the finest; Hailiu (Pomegranate) camellia has green calyxes; Shiliu (Pomegranate-patterned) camellia has mottled flowers; Zhi Zhu (Azalea) camellia has flowers resembling Rhododendron; Gongfen (Palace Pink) camellia and Chuanzhu (String of Pearls) camellia are all pinkish-red. There are also names such as Yi Nian Hong (One-Pinch Red), Qian Ye Hong (Thousand-Petal Red), and Qian Ye Bai (Thousand-Petal White), too numerous to count, with slight variations in leaves. Some say there are also yellow ones. *Yu Heng Zhi* records: In Guangnan, there is Nan Shan (South Mountain) camellia, whose flowers are twice as large as those in the Central Plains, slightly pale in color, with thin leaves covered in hair. The fruit resembles a pear, as large as a fist, containing several seeds the size of soap nuts. Zhou Ding Wang’s *Jiu Huang Ben Cao* states: Young leaves of camellia can be eaten after being blanched in boiling water and rinsed; they can also be steamed, dried, and used as a beverage.
Flower
【Aroma and Flavor】Missing.
【Indications】Treats hematemesis (vomiting blood), epistaxis (nosebleed), and intestinal wind bleeding (blood in stool due to wind-heat or damp-heat).
Use the red flowers, grind them into powder, mix with children's urine, ginger juice, and wine, then take orally. This can substitute for Yujin (Curcuma aromatica / Turmeric Tuber) (cited from Zhu Zhenheng). For scalds and burns, grind into powder, mix with Sesame Oil (Sesami Oleum), and apply topically.
Seed
【Indications】Treats postpartum syncope (note: original text "fa " appears incomplete/erroneous, contextually referring to gynecological blood disorders), grind...
[Winter Sweet]
(From *Bencao Gangmu*)
【Names】Yellow Plum Blossom.
Li Shizhen said: This plant does not originally belong to the Prunus mume (Plum) category. Because it blooms at the same time as plum blossoms, has a similar fragrance, and its color resembles beeswax, it acquired this name.
【Collected Explanations】Li Shizhen said: Winter sweet is a small shrub with clustered branches and pointed leaves. There are three common varieties: Those grown from seeds without grafting bloom with small flowers in the twelfth lunar month with a light fragrance, named Gou Ying Mei (Dog Fly Plum); those that have been grafted and have sparse flowers, blooming with closed buds, named Qing Kou Mei (Chime Mouth Plum); and those with dense flowers, strong fragrance, and deep yellow color resembling rosewood, named Tan Xiang Mei (Sandalwood Plum), which is of the best quality. The fruit hangs like a bell, pointed and long, over one cun (approx. 3.3 cm), containing seeds inside. The bark, when soaked in water and used to grind ink, produces a glossy sheen.
Flower
【Aroma and Flavor】Acrid (Xin), Warm, non-toxic.
【Indications】Resolves summer heat and generates body fluids (Li Shizhen).