（《食疗》）
【集解】藏器曰∶干苔，海族之流也。
时珍曰∶此海苔也。彼人干之为脯。海水咸，故与陟厘不同。张华《博物志》云∶石发
生海中者，长尺余，大小如韭叶，以肉杂蒸食极美。张勃《吴录》云∶江蓠生海水中，正青
似乱发，乃海苔之类也。苏恭以此为水苔者，不同。水苔不甚咸。
【气味】咸，寒，无毒。大明曰∶温。弘景曰∶柔苔寒干苔热。
诜曰∶苔脯食多，发疮疥，令人痿黄少血色。
瑞曰∶有饮嗽人不可食。
【主治】瘿瘤结气（弘景）。治痔杀虫，及霍乱呕吐不止，煮汁服（孟诜）。心腹烦闷者，
冷水研如泥，饮之即止（藏器）。下一切丹石，杀诸药毒。纳木孔中，杀蠹（《日华》）。消
茶积（瑞）。烧末吹鼻，止衄血。汤浸捣，敷手背肿痛（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶洪氏《夷坚志》云∶河南一寺僧尽患瘿疾。有洛阳僧共寮，每食取苔
脯同餐。经数月，僧项赘皆消。乃知海物皆能除是疾也。
（《别录》中品）
【集解】弘景曰∶废井中多生苔萍，及砖土间多生杂草莱。蓝既解毒，在井中者尤佳，
非别一物也。
【气味】甘，大寒，无毒。
【主治】漆疮热疮水肿。井中蓝∶杀野葛、巴豆诸毒（《别录》）。疗汤火灼疮（弘景）
（《食疗》）
【气味】甘，冷，无毒。
【主治】鼻洪吐血淋疾，同炙甘草、豉汁，浓煎汤呷之（孟诜）。解天行热病伏热，头
目
不清，神志昏塞，及诸大毒。以五两，和酥饼末一两半，面糊丸梧子大。每温酒下五十丸（
时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶案方贤《奇效方》云∶水之精气，渍船板木中，累见风日，久则变为
青色，盖因太阳晒之，中感阴阳之气。故服之能分阴阳，去邪热，调脏腑。物之气味所宜也。
【附方】旧二。
小便五淋∶船底苔一团，鸡子大，水煮饮。（陈藏器）。
乳石发动，小便淋沥，心神闷乱∶船底青苔半鸡子大，煎汁温服，日三、四次。（《圣
惠
【集解】（引自《食疗本草》）
陈藏器说：干苔，是海洋生物的一种。
李时珍说：这就是海苔。当地人将其晒干制成脯状。因为海水咸，所以它与陟厘（一种水生苔类植物）不同。张华在《博物志》中说：生长在海水中的石发，长度有一尺多，大小像韭菜叶，用肉一起蒸着吃非常美味。张勃在《吴录》中说：江蓠生长在海水中，颜色正青，形状像乱发，属于海苔一类。苏恭认为这是水苔，看法不同。水苔的咸味不重。
【气味】味道咸，性寒，无毒。
孟诜说：性温。
陶弘景说：柔苔性寒，干苔性热。
孟诜说：多吃苔脯，会引发疮疥，使人面色萎黄、血色不足。
苏瑞说：患有咳嗽痰饮的人不可食用。
【主治】瘿瘤结气（陶弘景）。治疗痔疮、杀虫，以及霍乱呕吐不止，煮汁服用（孟诜）。心腹烦闷的人，用冷水研磨成泥状，饮用即可停止症状（陈藏器）。排出体内一切丹石毒物，杀灭各种药物毒性。塞入木孔中，可杀灭蠹虫（《日华子本草》）。消除茶积（苏瑞）。烧成末吹入鼻中，可止鼻血。用水浸泡后捣烂，敷在手背肿痛处（李时珍）。
【发明】李时珍说：洪迈的《夷坚志》记载：河南某寺庙的僧人都患上了瘿病。有一位洛阳来的僧人与他们同住，每次吃饭都取苔脯一同食用。过了几个月，那些僧人颈部的赘生物都消失了。这才知道海产食物都能消除这种疾病。
（引自《名医别录》，列为中品）
【集解】陶弘景说：废弃的井中多生苔藓和萍藻，砖土之间也多生杂草野菜。蓝草既然能解毒，在井中生长的尤其好，并不是另一种东西。
【气味】味道甘，大寒，无毒。
【主治】漆疮、热疮、水肿。
井中蓝：能杀野葛、巴豆等毒（《名医别录》）。治疗汤火灼伤（陶弘景）。
（引自《食疗本草》）
【气味】味道甘，性冷，无毒。
【主治】鼻出血、吐血、淋疾，与炙甘草、豆豉汁一起，浓煎成汤慢慢喝下（孟诜）。解除天行热病潜伏的热邪，头目不清爽，神志昏沉堵塞，以及各种大毒。取五两，配合酥饼末一两半，用面糊做成梧桐子大小的丸药。每次用温酒送服五十丸（李时珍）。
【发明】李时珍说：根据方贤的《奇效方》记载：水的精气，渗透在船板木头中，长期经受风吹日晒，久了就变成青色，大概是因为太阳晒之，中间感应了阴阳之气。所以服用它能分阴阳，去除邪热，调和脏腑。这是事物气味适宜人体所致。
【附方】原有两个。
小便五淋：一团船底苔，鸡蛋大小，用水煮后饮用。（陈藏器）。
乳石发动，小便淋漓不尽，心神烦闷混乱：半团鸡蛋大小的船底青苔，煎汁温服，每天三到四次。（《太平圣惠方》）
[Collected Explanations] (Cited from *Shiliao Bencao*)
Chen Cangqi stated: Dried seaweed is a type of marine organism.
Li Shizhen stated: This is indeed seaweed. People in that region dry it to make jerky-like slices. Because the seawater is salty, it differs from Zhili (a type of aquatic moss). Zhang Hua's *Bowuzhi* states: Shi Fa (stone hair) growing in the sea is over a chi long and as wide as leek leaves; steamed with meat, it is extremely delicious. Zhang Bo's *Wu Lu* states: Jiangli grows in seawater, is bright green, and resembles tangled hair; it belongs to the category of seaweed. Su Gong considered this to be water moss, which is incorrect. Water moss is not very salty.
[Aroma and Flavor] Salty, cold, non-toxic.
Meng Shen stated: Warm.
Tao Hongjing stated: Soft moss is cold; dried moss is hot.
Meng Shen stated: Consuming too much dried seaweed jerky can cause sores and scabies, leading to sallow complexion and lack of blood luster.
Su Rui stated: Those suffering from coughs with phlegm-fluid retention should not consume it.
[Therapeutic Actions] Goiter and qi stagnation (Tao Hongjing). Treats hemorrhoids, kills parasites, and stops persistent vomiting due to cholera; boil the juice and drink it (Meng Shen). For those with vexation and fullness in the heart and abdomen, grind into a paste with cold water and drink to stop symptoms (Chen Cangqi). Expels all cinnabar-stone toxins and neutralizes various drug poisons. Inserted into wood holes to kill bookworms (*Ri Hua Zi Bencao*). Eliminates tea accumulation (Su Rui). Burned to ash, blown into the nose to stop epistaxis. Soaked in water, pounded, and applied to swollen and painful backs of hands (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen stated: Hong Mai’s *Yijian Zhi* records: All monks in a temple in Henan suffered from goiter. A monk from Luoyang living in the same dormitory took dried seaweed jerky to eat with every meal. After several months, the monile swellings on their necks disappeared. Thus, it was known that marine products can cure this disease.
(Cited from *Mingyi Bielu*, classified as Middle Grade)
[Collected Explanations] Tao Hongjing stated: Abandoned wells often grow moss and duckweed, and brick-and-soil crevices grow various weeds. Since Isatis root (Lan) detoxifies, the variety found in wells is particularly effective; it is not a different substance.
[Aroma and Flavor] Sweet, greatly cold, non-toxic.
[Therapeutic Actions] Eczema caused by lacquer, heat sores, edema.
Well-grown Isatis: Neutralizes the toxicity of wild gelsemium (Yege) and croton seeds (Badou) (*Mingyi Bielu*). Treats burns from boiling water or fire (Tao Hongjing).
(Cited from *Shiliao Bencao*)
[Aroma and Flavor] Sweet, cold, non-toxic.
[Therapeutic Actions] Epistaxis, hematemesis, strangury. Decoct thickly with roasted Licorice root (Gancao) and fermented soybean juice (Chi), and sip slowly (Meng Shen). Resolves latent heat from epidemic fevers, clears cloudiness of head and eyes, alleviates mental confusion and obstruction, and neutralizes major toxins. Take five liang, mix with one and a half liang of butter cake powder, form pills the size of wutong seeds using wheat paste decoction. Take 50 pills each time with warm wine (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen stated: According to Fang Xian’s *Qixiao Fang*: The essence of water penetrates into ship planks. Over time, exposed to wind and sun, it turns green, likely due to solar heating and the internal perception of yin and yang qi. Therefore, consuming it can differentiate yin and yang, expel pathogenic heat, and harmonize the zang-fu organs. This is due to the suitability of the substance's aroma and flavor.
[Attached Prescriptions] Two existing prescriptions.
Strangury of the five types: One ball of bottom-of-ship moss, size of an egg, boiled in water and drunk (Chen Cangqi).
Activation of mineral drugs, dribbling urination, mental restlessness: Half an egg-sized amount of green moss from the bottom of a ship, decocted in water and taken warm, three to four times daily (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*)