（《拾遗》）
【释名】禺（音遇）、 （音又。或作 KT ）、 （ 、垒二音。或作 ）、仙猴。
时珍曰∶郭璞云∶果然，自呼其名。罗愿云∶人捕其一，则举群啼而相赴，虽杀之不去
也；谓之果然，以来之可必也。大者为然，为禺；小者为 ，为
【集解】藏器曰∶案《南州异物志》云∶交州有果然兽，其名自呼。状大于猿，其体不
过三尺，而尾长过头。鼻孔向天，雨则挂木上，以尾塞鼻孔。其毛长柔细滑，白质黑文，如
苍鸭胁边斑毛之状，集之为裘褥，甚温暖。《尔雅》 ，仰鼻而长尾，即此也。
时珍曰∶果然，仁兽也。出西南诸山中。居树上，状如猿，白面黑颊，多髯而毛采斑斓
。尾长于身，其末有歧，雨则以歧塞鼻也。喜群行，老者前，少者后。食相让，居相爱，生
相聚，死相赴。《柳子》所谓仁让孝慈者，是也。古者画 为宗彝，亦取其孝让而有智也。
或云犹豫之犹，即 也。其性多疑，见人则登树，上下不一，甚至奔触，破头折胫。故人以
比心疑不决者，而俗呼 愚为痴 也。
肉
【气味】咸，平，无毒。
【主治】疟瘴寒热，同五味煮 食之，并坐其皮，取效
【发明】时珍曰∶案钟毓《果然赋》云∶似猴象猿，黑颊青身。肉非佳品。惟皮可珍。
而《吕氏春秋》云∶肉之美者， 猱之炙。亦性各有不同耶？
【附录】蒙颂 时珍曰∶蒙颂一名蒙贵，乃 之又小者也。紫黑色，出交趾。畜以捕鼠，
胜于猫、狸。
长毛，白色，似握版之状。《蜀地志》云∶ 猢似猴而甚捷。常在树上， 然腾跃，如飞鸟
也。
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】禺（读音同“遇”）、[猱]（读音同“又”，有的写作“KT”）、[猿类]（读音为“ 、垒”两个音，有的写作某字）、仙猴。
李时珍说：郭璞说：果然，自己称呼自己的名字。罗愿说：人捕捉其中一只，那么整个群体就会啼叫着互相奔赴救援，即使杀死它也不离去；称之为“果然”，是因为招引它们来是必然的。大的称为“然”，称为“禺”；小的称为[某字]，称为[某字]。
【集解】藏器说：查考《南州异物志》说：交州有果然这种兽，它的名字是自己呼出的。形状比猿大，身体不过三尺长，但尾巴比头还长。鼻孔朝天，下雨时就挂在树上，用尾巴塞住鼻孔。它的毛长而柔细光滑，白色底黑色花纹，像苍鸭胁边斑纹毛的样子，聚集起来做成皮衣褥子，非常温暖。《尔雅》中提到的[某字]，仰鼻且长尾，就是这种动物。
李时珍说：果然是仁爱的野兽。出产于西南各山中。居住在树上，形状像猿，白脸黑颊，胡须多且毛发色彩斑斓。尾巴比身体长，末端分叉，下雨时用分叉处塞住鼻子。喜欢成群行走，年长的在前，年幼的在后。进食互相谦让，居住互相友爱，活着相聚，死了相伴赴死。柳宗元所说的仁爱、谦让、孝顺、慈爱，指的就是这种动物。古代在宗庙礼器上画[某字]，也是取它孝顺谦让且有智慧的意思。有人说“犹豫”的“犹”，就是[某字]。它的性情多疑，见到人就爬上树，上下不定，甚至奔跑冲撞，导致破头折腿。所以人们用它来比喻心里犹豫不决的人，俗话称[某字]愚笨为痴[某字]。
肉
【气味】咸味，平性，无毒。
【主治】疟疾瘴气引起的寒热症状，与五味药一起煮[肉]食用，并坐卧其皮，可以取得疗效。
【发明】李时珍说：查考钟毓的《果然赋》说：像猴子又像猿，黑脸颊青身子。肉不是上品。只有皮值得珍贵。然而《吕氏春秋》说：美味的食物中，有烤[某字]肉。难道它们的性质各自不同吗？
【附录】蒙颂 李时珍说：蒙颂又名蒙贵，是[某字]中更小的种类。紫黑色，出产于交趾。饲养用来捕鼠，胜过猫和狸。
长毛，白色，形状像握着的板子。《蜀地志》说：[某字]像猴子但非常敏捷。常在树上，突然腾跃，像飞鸟一样。
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica])
**Names:** Yu (pronounced like "Yu"), [Nao] (pronounced like "You", sometimes written as "KT"), [Ape-like creature] (pronounced with two sounds, " 、lei", sometimes written as a specific character), Xianhou [Immortal Monkey].
Li Shizhen stated: Guo Pu said that the Guoran [a type of primate] calls itself by its own name. Luo Yuan said: When humans capture one of them, the entire group cries out and rushes to its aid; even if it is killed, they do not leave. It is called "Guoran" because attracting them is certain. The larger ones are called "Ran" or "Yu"; the smaller ones are called [Character A] or [Character B].
**Collected Explanations:** Zang Qi stated: According to *Nanzhou Yiwu Zhi* [Records of Strange Things from Southern Provinces], in Jiaozhou there exists a beast called Guoran, which names itself. Its shape is larger than an ape, its body length does not exceed three chi, but its tail is longer than its head. Its nostrils face upward; when it rains, it hangs from trees and plugs its nostrils with its tail. Its fur is long, soft, fine, and smooth, with a white base and black patterns, resembling the spotted feathers on the flanks of a teal duck. Gathered together to make coats and mats, it provides great warmth. The *Erya* mentions [Character C], characterized by upturned nostrils and a long tail, referring to this animal.
Li Shizhen stated: The Guoran is a benevolent beast. It inhabits mountains in the southwest. It lives in trees, resembling an ape, with a white face, black cheeks, abundant beard hair, and colorful fur. Its tail is longer than its body, ending in a fork, which it uses to plug its nose during rain. It likes to travel in groups, with elders leading and juveniles following. They yield food to one another, show affection in dwelling, gather when alive, and accompany each other in death. What Liu Zongyuan described as benevolence, yielding, filial piety, and kindness refers to this animal. In ancient times, [Character D] was depicted on ancestral ritual vessels (Zongyi), taking advantage of its filial piety, yielding nature, and wisdom. Some say the "You" in "Yuyou" [hesitation] refers to [Character E]. Its nature is suspicious; upon seeing people, it climbs trees, moving up and down uncertainly, even running into collisions, breaking heads and legs. Thus, people use it to metaphorize those who are indecisive, and colloquially describe [Character F] as foolish or dull.
Meat
**Flavor and Properties:** Salty, neutral, non-toxic.
**Indications:** Malaria and miasma-induced chills and fever. Boil the meat with five flavors [herbs/seasonings] and consume it; sitting on its skin also yields therapeutic effects.
**Elucidation:** Li Shizhen stated: Consulting Zhong Yu's *Ode to Guoran*, it says: Resembling a monkey and an ape, with black cheeks and a blue-green body. The meat is not of high quality. Only the skin is precious. However, *Lüshi Chunqiu* states among delicious foods is roasted [Character G] meat. Do their natures differ?
**Appendix:** Mengsong. Li Shizhen stated: Mengsong, also known as Menggui, is a smaller variant of [Character H]. It is purple-black in color and originates from Jiaozhi. Kept for catching mice, it surpasses cats and martens.
Changmao [Long Hair], white in color, shaped like a held board. *Shudi Zhi* [Records of Shu] states: [Character I] resembles a monkey but is extremely agile. It often stays in trees, leaping suddenly like flying birds.