（宋《嘉 》）
【释名】时珍曰∶按∶陆佃《埤雅》云∶柘宜山石，柞宜山阜。柘之
【集解】宗 曰∶柘木里有纹，亦可旋为器。其叶可饲蚕，曰柘蚕，然叶硬，不及桑叶。
入药以无刺者良。
时珍曰∶处处山中有之。喜丛生。干疏而直。叶丰而浓，团而有尖。其叶饲蚕，取丝作
琴瑟，清响胜常。《尔雅》所谓棘茧，即此蚕也。《考工记》云∶弓人取材以柘为上。其实状
如桑子，而圆粒如椒，名隹子（隹音锥）。其木染黄赤色，谓之柘黄，天子所服。《相感志》
云∶柘木以酒醋调矿灰涂之，一宿则作间道乌木纹。物性相伏也。
木白皮、东行根白皮
【气味】甘，温，无毒。
【主治】妇人崩中、血结，疟疾（大明）。煮汁酿酒服，主风虚耳聋，补劳损虚羸，腰
肾冷，梦与人交接泄精者（藏器）。
【发明】时珍曰∶柘能通肾气，故《圣惠方》治耳鸣耳聋一、二十年者，有柘根酒。用
柘根二十斤，菖蒲五斗，各以水一石，煮取汁五斗。故铁二十斤， 赤，以水五斗，浸取清，
合水一石五斗；用米二石，曲二斗，如常酿酒成。用真磁石三斤为末，浸酒中三宿。日夜饮
之，取小醉而眠。闻人声乃止。
【附方】新二。
飞丝入目∶柘浆点之，以绵蘸水拭去。（《医学纲目》）。
洗目令明∶柘木煎汤，按日温洗，自寅至亥乃止，无不效者。正月初二，二月初二，三
月不洗，四月初五，五月十五，六月十一，七月初七，八月初二，九月初二，十月十九，十
一月不洗，十二月十四日。徐神翁方也。（《海上方》）。
小儿鹅口重舌∶柘根五斤（锉），水五升，煮二升，去滓，煎取五合，频涂之。无根，
弓材亦可。（《千金方》）
柘黄 见菜部木耳。
奴柘（《拾遗》）
【集解】藏器曰∶生江南山野。似柘，节有刺，冬不凋。
时珍曰∶此树似柘而小，有刺。叶亦如柞叶而小，可饲蚕。
刺
【气味】苦，小温，无毒。
【主治】老妇血瘕，男子 癖闷痞。取刺和三棱草、马鞭草作煎如稠糖。病在心，食后；
在脐，空心服。当下恶物（藏器）。
（出自宋代《嘉祐本草》）
【释名】李时珍说：据陆佃《埤雅》记载：柘树适宜生长在山石之间，柞树适宜生长在山丘之上。柘树……
【集解】苏颂说：柘木内部有纹理，也可以用车床旋制为器具。它的叶子可以喂养蚕，称为“柘蚕”，但叶片较硬，不如桑叶好。入药以没有刺的为好。
李时珍说：各地山中都有生长。喜欢丛生。树干稀疏而挺直。叶子丰满浓密，呈圆形且有尖头。用它的叶子喂蚕，取丝制作琴瑟，声音清脆响亮胜过平常。《尔雅》所说的“棘茧”，就是这种蚕。《考工记》说：造弓的人选取材料，以柘木为上品。柘树的果实形状像桑葚，但颗粒圆润如花椒，名叫隹子（“隹”音同“锥”）。柘木可以染成黄红色，称为“柘黄”，是天子所穿的衣服颜色。《相感志》说：用酒和醋调和矿灰涂抹柘木，过一夜就会呈现出类似乌木的纹理。这是物性相互制约的结果。
木白皮、向东生长的根白皮
【气味】味甘，性温，无毒。
【主治】妇女崩漏、血结症，疟疾（出自《名医别录》）。煮汁酿酒服用，主治风虚引起的耳聋，补益劳损导致的身体虚弱消瘦，腰肾寒冷，梦中与人交接而遗精者（出自《新修本草》）。
【发明】李时珍说：柘能通利肾气，所以《圣惠方》治疗耳鸣耳聋长达一二十年的病症，有用柘根酒。用法是用柘根二十斤，菖蒲五斗，各用水一石，煮取汁液五斗。将生铁二十斤烧红，用水五斗浸泡取清液，与前面的药汁混合共成一石五斗；再用米二石，曲二斗，按照常规方法酿造成酒。用真磁石三斤研成粉末，浸入酒中三天三夜。日夜饮用，喝到微醉就睡觉。听到人声就停止饮用。
【附方】新增两则。
飞丝入目：用柘树汁液点眼，用棉蘸水擦拭去除。（出自《医学纲目》）。
洗目令明：用柘木煎汤，每天温热清洗，从寅时到亥时为止，没有不有效的。正月初二、二月初二、三月不洗、四月初五、五月十五、六月十一、七月初七、八月初二、九月初二、十月十九、十一月不洗、十二月十四日。这是徐神翁的方子。（出自《海上方》）。
小儿鹅口疮、重舌：用柘根五斤（锉碎），水五升，煮至二升，去渣，再煎取五合，频繁涂抹患处。如果没有根，弓材也可以使用。（出自《千金方》）
柘黄 参见菜部木耳条下。
奴柘（出自《本草拾遗》）
【集解】陈藏器说：生长在江南山野。外形像柘树，节上有刺，冬天不落叶。
李时珍说：这棵树像柘树但较小，有刺。叶子也像柞树叶但较小，可以喂养蚕。
刺
【气味】味苦，性小温，无毒。
【主治】老年妇女血瘕，男子癖积痞块。取刺和三棱草、马鞭草一起煎煮成稠糖状。病位在心，饭后服用；病位在脐部，空腹服用。应当排出恶物（出自《新修本草》）。
(Sourced from the Song Dynasty *Jiayou Bencao*)
[Names] Li Shizhen states: According to Lu Dian's *Piya*, Zhe (Cudrania tricuspidata) is suitable for growing among mountain rocks, while Zao (Zelkova schneideriana) is suitable for growing on hills. Zhe...
[Collected Explanations] Su Song states: The wood of Zhe has grain patterns and can also be turned into vessels on a lathe. Its leaves can feed silkworms, known as "Zhe silkworms," but the leaves are hard and inferior to mulberry leaves. For medicinal use, those without thorns are preferred.
Li Shizhen states: It grows in mountains everywhere. It prefers to grow in clusters. The trunk is sparse and straight. The leaves are full and dense, round with pointed tips. Feeding silkworms with its leaves yields silk used to make qin and se musical instruments, producing clear and resonant sounds superior to ordinary ones. The "Ji Jian" mentioned in *Erya* refers to this type of silkworm. The *Kaogong Ji* states: When selecting materials for bow-making, Zhe wood is considered the best. The fruit resembles a mulberry berry but has round grains like peppercorns, named Zhui Zi ("Zhui" pronounced like "zhui"). Zhe wood can be dyed yellow-red, called "Zhe Huang" (Imperial Yellow), the color worn by the Emperor. *Xianggan Zhi* states: If Zhe wood is coated with mineral ash mixed with wine and vinegar, after one night it will develop a grain pattern resembling ebony. This is due to the mutual restraint of material properties.
White bark of the wood; White bark of roots growing towards the east
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Metrorrhagia and metrostaxis, blood stasis, malaria (from *Mingyi Bielu*). Boiled and brewed into wine, it treats deafness caused by wind deficiency, tonifies exhaustion leading to emaciation, coldness of the lower back and kidneys, and nocturnal emission during dreams of sexual intercourse (from *Xinxiu Bencao*).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen states: Zhe can unblock Kidney Qi. Therefore, the *Shenghui Fang* uses Zhe Root Wine to treat tinnitus and deafness lasting ten to twenty years. The method involves using 20 jin of Zhe root and 5 dou of Acorus calamus, each boiled in 1 shi of water to obtain 5 dou of decoction. Then, 20 jin of raw iron are heated red-hot, soaked in 5 dou of water to extract the clear liquid, which is combined with the previous decoction to total 1.5 shi. Two shi of rice and two dou of yeast are added, and the mixture is fermented into wine according to standard procedures. Three jin of genuine magnetite are ground into powder and steeped in the wine for three days and nights. Drink day and night until slightly intoxicated, then sleep. Stop drinking when hearing human voices.
[Attached Prescriptions] Two new prescriptions.
Flying silk entering the eye: Apply Zhe sap to the eye, and wipe away with cotton dipped in water. (*Yixue Gangmu*).
Washing eyes to restore clarity: Decoct Zhe wood and wash the eyes daily with warm solution from Yin hour to Hai hour. There are no failures. Dates: February 2nd (Jan lunar), March 2nd (Feb lunar), do not wash in March, April 5th, May 15th, June 11th, July 7th, August 2nd, September 2nd, October 19th, do not wash in November, December 14th. This is the prescription of Xu Shenweng. (*Haishang Fang*).
Pediatric aphthous stomatitis and double tongue: Use 5 jin of Zhe root (chopped), boil in 5 sheng of water until reduced to 2 sheng, remove dregs, and further reduce to 5 he. Apply frequently. If roots are unavailable, bow material can be used. (*Qianjin Fang*).
Zhe Huang See entry under Fungi/Vegetables section for Black Fungus.
Nu Zhe (from *Bencao Shiyi*)
[Collected Explanations] Chen Cangqi states: Grows in wild mountains and forests of Jiangnan. Resembles Zhe, has thorns at nodes, does not shed leaves in winter.
Li Shizhen states: This tree resembles Zhe but is smaller and has thorns. Leaves resemble Zao leaves but are smaller, and can feed silkworms.
Thorns
[Flavor and Properties] Bitter, slightly warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Blood masses in elderly women, abdominal masses and stagnation in men. Collect thorns and decoct with Sparganium affine and Verbena officinalis until thick like syrup. If the disease is in the heart, take after meals; if in the umbilical region, take on an empty stomach. It should expel evil substances. (*Xinxiu Bencao*).