（音侦。宋《开宝》）
【释名】赤柽（《日华》）、赤杨（《古今注》）
垂丝柳《纲目》、人柳（《纲目》）、三眠柳（《衍义》）、观音柳。
时珍曰∶按∶罗愿《尔雅翼》云∶天之将雨，柽先知之，起气以应，又负霜雪不
乃木之圣者也。故字从圣，又名雨师。或曰∶得雨则垂垂如丝，当作雨丝。又《三辅故事》
云∶汉武帝苑中有柳，状如人，号曰人柳，一日三起三眠。则柽柳之圣，又不独知雨、负雪
而已。今俗称长寿仙人柳，亦曰观音柳，谓观音用此洒水也。宗 曰∶今人谓之三春柳，以
其一年三秀故名。
【集解】志曰∶赤柽木生河西沙地。皮赤色，细叶。
禹锡曰∶《尔雅》∶柽，河柳也。郭璞注云∶今河旁赤茎小杨也。陆机《诗疏》云∶生
水旁，皮赤如绛，枝叶如松。
时珍曰∶柽柳小干弱枝，插之易生。赤皮，细叶如丝，婀娜可爱。一年三次作花，花穗
长三、四寸，水红色如蓼花色。南齐时，益州献蜀柳，条长，状若丝缕者，即此柳也。段成
式《酉阳杂俎》言∶凉州有赤白柽，大者为炭，其灰汁可以煮铜为银。故沈炯赋云∶柽似柏
而香。王祯《农书》云∶山柳赤而脆，河柳白而明。则柽又有白色者也。宗 ∶汴京甚多。
河西戎人取滑枝为鞭。
木
【气味】甘、咸，温，无毒。
【主治】剥驴马血入肉毒，取木片火炙熨之，并煮汁浸之。（《开宝》）。枝叶∶消痞，
解酒毒，利小便（时珍）。
【附方】新三。
腹中痞积∶观音柳煎汤，露一夜，五更空心饮数次，痞自消。（《卫生易简方》）
一切诸风，不问远近∶柽叶半斤（切，枝亦可），荆芥半斤，水五升，煮二升，澄清，
入白蜜五合，竹沥五合，新瓶盛之，油纸封，入重汤煮一伏时。每服一小盏，日三服。（《普
济方》）
柽乳（即脂汁）
【主治】合质汗药，治金疮
（读音为“侦”。收录于宋代《开宝本草》）
【释名】赤柽（出自《日华子本草》）、赤杨（出自《古今注》）、垂丝柳（出自《本草纲目》）、人柳（出自《本草纲目》）、三眠柳（出自《嘉祐补注本草·衍义》）、观音柳。
李时珍说：查阅罗愿的《尔雅翼》记载：天将要下雨时，柽柳能预先知道，升起气机以响应，又能承受霜雪而不凋谢，是树木中的圣者。所以它的字从“圣”旁，又名雨师。有人说：得到雨水后枝条下垂如丝，应当写作“雨丝”。又《三辅故事》记载：汉武帝御苑中有一棵柳树，形状像人，号称人柳，一天之中三次起身、三次休眠。那么柽柳的灵性，不仅仅在于知雨和负雪罢了。现在俗称长寿仙人柳，也叫观音柳，说是观音菩萨用此树洒水。陈承说：现在的人叫它三春柳，因为它一年三次开花秀美的缘故。
【集解】苏颂说：赤柽木生长在河西的沙地。树皮呈赤色，叶子细小。
马志说：《尔雅》记载：柽，就是河柳。郭璞注释说：就是河边红色的茎干的小杨树。陆机在《毛诗草木鸟兽虫鱼疏》中说：生长在水边，树皮红得像深红色，枝叶像松树。
李时珍说：柽柳树干小、枝条柔弱，插在地上容易成活。树皮红色，叶子细如丝线，姿态柔美可爱。一年三次开花，花穗长三、四寸，水红色像蓼花的花色。南齐时期，益州进贡蜀柳，枝条细长，形状像丝缕的，就是这种柳。段成式在《酉阳杂俎》中说：凉州有红色和白色的柽柳，大的用来做炭，其灰汁可以煮铜变成银。所以沈炯赋中说：柽柳像柏树但有香气。王祯《农书》说：山柳红色且脆，河柳白色且明亮。那么柽柳又有白色的品种。陈承说：汴京非常多。河西的戎族人取光滑的枝条做鞭子。
【气味】味甘、咸，性温，无毒。
【主治】治疗驴马血入肉引起的毒邪，取木片用火烤热熨烫患处，并煮汁浸泡。（出自《开宝本草》）。枝叶：消除痞块，解酒毒，通利小便（李时珍补充）。
【附方】新增三条。
腹中痞积：用观音柳煎汤，露天放置一夜，五更天时空腹饮用数次，痞块自然消除。（出自《卫生易简方》）
一切各种风邪，不论病程远近：柽叶半斤（切碎，枝也可用），荆芥半斤，水五升，煮至二升，澄清，加入白蜜五合，竹沥五合，装入新瓶中，用油纸封口，放入双层锅中隔水煮一个时辰（两小时）。每次服用一小盏，每天服用三次。（出自《普济方》）
柽乳（即树液脂汁）
【主治】配合治汗药，治疗金创（金属利器造成的创伤）
(Zhen, pronounced like "zhēn". Recorded in the Song Dynasty *Kaibao Bencao*.)
**[Names]** Chicheng (Red Tamarisk) (*Ri Hua Ben Cao*), Chi Yang (Red Poplar) (*Gu Jin Zhu*), Chuisi Liu (Weeping Willow) (*Ben Cao Gang Mu*), Ren Liu (Human Willow) (*Ben Cao Gang Mu*), Sanmian Liu (Three-Sleep Willow) (*Yan Yi*), Guanyin Liu.
Li Shizhen states: According to Luo Yuan's *Er Ya Yi*: When rain is about to fall, the Tamarisk (*Chen*) knows it beforehand, rises with qi to respond, and can endure frost and snow without perishing; thus, it is the sage among trees. Hence, its character includes the radical for "sage" (Sheng), and it is also named Yu Shi (Rain Master). Some say: Upon receiving rain, its branches hang down like threads, so it should be written as "Yu Si" (Rain Thread). Furthermore, *San Fu Gu Shi* records: In Emperor Wu of Han's imperial garden, there was a willow shaped like a human, called Ren Liu (Human Willow), which stood up and slept three times a day. Thus, the sagacity of the Tamarisk lies not only in knowing rain and enduring snow. Today, it is commonly known as Changshou Xianren Liu (Longevity Immortal Willow) or Guanyin Liu, said to be used by Guanyin (Avalokitesvara) to sprinkle water. Chen Cheng says: People today call it Sanchun Liu (Three-Spring Willow) because it blooms beautifully three times a year.
**[Collection and Explanation]** Su Song says: Red Tamarisk grows in the sandy lands of Hexi. The bark is red, and the leaves are fine.
Ma Zhi says: *Er Ya* records: Chen is the River Willow. Guo Pu's annotation states: It is now the small poplar with red stems by the river. Lu Ji's *Shi Shu* states: It grows beside water, with bark red as crimson, and branches and leaves like pine.
Li Shizhen says: The Tamarisk has a small trunk and weak branches, rooting easily when inserted into the ground. The bark is red, and the leaves are fine as silk, graceful and lovely. It flowers three times a year; the flower spikes are three to four cun long, pinkish-red like Polygonum flowers. During the Southern Qi dynasty, Shu Willows were presented from Yizhou; their branches were long and thread-like, which refers to this willow. Duan Chengshi's *Youyang Zazu* mentions: In Liangzhou, there are red and white Tamarisks; the larger ones are used for charcoal, and their ash juice can boil copper into silver. Thus, Shen Jiong's fu states: Tamarisk resembles cypress but is fragrant. Wang Zhen's *Nong Shu* states: Mountain willow is red and brittle, while river willow is white and bright. Therefore, there are also white varieties of Tamarisk. Chen Cheng says: They are abundant in Bianjing. People in the Hexi region take smooth branches to make whips.
**[Flavor and Properties]** Sweet, salty, warm, non-toxic.
**[Indications]** For poison caused by donkey or horse blood entering flesh wounds: Take wood chips, heat them over fire, and apply as a hot compress; also soak in boiled decoction. (*Kaibao Bencao*). Branches and leaves: Resolve masses, detoxify alcohol, promote urination (Li Shizhen).
**[Prescriptions]** Three new prescriptions.
Abdominal masses: Decoct Guanyin Liu (Tamarisk), expose to dew overnight, and drink several times on an empty stomach at dawn; the mass will naturally dissipate. (*Wei Sheng Yi Jian Fang*)
All types of wind pathogens, regardless of duration: Half jin of Chen Ye (Tamarisk leaves, chopped; branches may also be used), half jin of Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), five sheng of water. Boil until two sheng remain, clarify, add five he of Baimit (White Honey) and five he of Zhuli (Bamboo Sap), store in a new bottle, seal with oiled paper, and simmer in a double boiler for one fu time (approx. 2 hours). Take one small cup per dose, three times daily. (*Pu Ji Fang*)
Chen Ru (Tamarisk resin/sap)
**[Indications]** Combined with diaphoretic medicines to treat metal weapon injuries (Jin Chuang).