（《唐本草》）
【释名】青杨（《纲目》）、蒲柳（《尔雅》）、蒲杨（《古今注》）、蒲 （音移）、 柳（《古
今注》）、
时珍曰∶杨枝硬而扬起，故谓之杨。多宜水 蒲萑之地，故有水杨、蒲柳、萑苻之名。
【集解】恭曰∶水杨叶圆阔而尖，枝条短硬，与柳全别。柳叶狭长，枝条长软。
颂曰∶《尔雅》∶杨，蒲柳也。其枝劲韧，可为箭 。《左传》所谓
苻。今河北沙地多生之。杨柳之类亦多。崔豹《古今注》云∶白杨叶圆，青杨叶长，柳叶长
而细， 杨叶圆而弱。水
理亦赤。然今人鲜能分别。
类。
尤多，花与柳同。
枝叶
【气味】苦，平，无毒。
【主治】久痢赤白，捣汁一升服，日二，大效（《唐本》）。
主痈肿痘毒（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶水杨根治痈肿，故近人用枝叶治痘疮。魏直《博爱心鉴》云∶痘疮数
日陷顶，浆滞不行，或风寒所阻者。宜用水杨枝叶（无叶用枝）五斤，流水一大釜，煎汤温
浴
之。如冷添汤，良久照见累起有晕丝者，浆行也。如不满，再浴之。力弱者，只洗头、面、
手、足。如屡浴不起者，气血败矣，不可再浴。始出及痒塌者，皆不可浴。
痘不行浆，乃气涩血滞，腠理固密，或风寒外阻而然。浴令暖气透达，和畅郁蒸，气血
通彻，每随暖气而发，行浆贯满，功非浅也。若内服助气血药，借此升之，其效更速，风寒
亦不得而阻之矣。直见一妪在村中用此有验，叩得其方，行之百发百中，慎勿易之，诚有燮
理之妙也。盖黄钟一动而蛰虫启户，东风一吹而坚冰解释，同一春也。群书皆无此法，故详
着之。
木白皮及根
【气味】同华。
【主治】金疮痛楚，乳痈诸肿，痘疮（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶按∶李仲南《永类钤方》云∶有人治乳痈，持药一根，生擂贴疮，其
热如火，再贴遂平。求其方，乃水杨柳根也。葛洪《肘后方》，治乳痈用柳根。则杨与柳性
气不远，可通用也
【附方】新一。
金疮苦痛∶杨木白皮，熬燥碾末，水服方寸匕，仍敷之，日三次。（《千金方》）
（出自《唐本草》）
【释名】青杨（出自《本草纲目》）、蒲柳（出自《尔雅》）、蒲杨（出自《古今注》）、蒲（音同“移”）、 柳（出自《古今注》）。
李时珍说：杨树的枝条坚硬且向上扬起，所以称为“杨”。它多生长在水边、水蒲和芦苇丛生的地方，因此有水杨、蒲柳、萑苻等名称。
【集解】苏恭说：水杨的叶子圆而宽阔且尖端尖锐，枝条短而坚硬，与柳树完全不同。柳树的叶子狭长，枝条细长柔软。
苏颂说：《尔雅》记载：“杨，就是蒲柳。”它的枝条强劲坚韧，可以用来制作箭杆。《左传》中提到的“苻”就是指这个。现在河北的沙地多生长这种树。杨柳这类植物也很多。崔豹在《古今注》中说：白杨的叶子是圆的，青杨的叶子较长，柳树的叶子长而细， 杨的叶子圆而柔弱。水杨的木质纹理也是红色的。然而现在的人很少能区分这些种类。
（此处原文有缺漏或排版错乱，根据上下文补全逻辑：水杨的花与柳树相同。）
【气味】味苦，性平，无毒。
【主治】治疗久痢（慢性痢疾）伴有赤白脓血，捣取汁液一升服用，每日两次，效果显著（出自《唐本草》）。
治疗痈肿（皮肤肌肉间化脓性感染）和痘毒（李时珍）。
【发明】李时珍说：水杨根可以根治痈肿，所以近代人用它的枝叶来治疗痘疮。魏直在《博爱心鉴》中说：痘疮出现几天后凹陷不起，浆液停滞不行，或者是被风寒邪气阻滞的情况。适宜用水杨的枝叶（如果没有叶子就用树枝）五斤，一大锅流动的水，煎煮成汤药进行温浴。如果水冷了就添加热水，过一会儿观察，看到痘疹隆起并带有晕圈的，说明浆液已经开始运行。如果还没有满盈，再进行一次沐浴。体质虚弱的人，只清洗头部、面部、手部和足部。如果多次沐浴后痘疹仍然不起，说明气血已经败坏，不可再沐浴。痘疮刚发出以及瘙痒塌陷的，都不可以沐浴。
痘疮不能行浆，是因为气机涩滞、血液瘀滞，腠理（皮肤毛孔及皮下组织间隙）固密，或者是由于风寒在外部阻滞所致。通过沐浴使暖气透达体内，调和畅达郁结蒸腾之气，使气血通畅彻达，随着暖气而发散，使浆液运行充满，功效不小。如果内服辅助气血的药物，借助沐浴的作用提升药效，效果更快，风寒邪气也无法再阻滞。魏直曾见到一位老妇人在乡村使用此法有效，询问得到这个方子，施行起来百发百中，千万不要轻易更改，这确实有调理阴阳的奇妙之处。这就好比黄钟律动一声而冬眠的虫子打开洞穴，东风吹拂而坚冰融化，都是春天的生机。群书中都没有这个方法，所以详细记录下来。
木白皮及根
【气味】与水杨枝叶相同。
【主治】金创（金属利器造成的创伤）疼痛，乳痈（乳腺炎）等各种肿胀，痘疮（李时珍）。
【发明】李时珍说：查阅资料，李仲南在《永类钤方》中说：有人治疗乳痈，拿着一根药生嚼后贴在疮口上，感觉热如火烧，再次贴敷后肿痛平息。询问他的方子，原来是水杨的柳根。葛洪在《肘后方》中，治疗乳痈使用柳根。那么杨和柳的性味气机相近，可以通用。
【附方】新收录一方。
金创痛苦：杨木的白皮，炒干碾成粉末，用水送服一方寸匕，同时外敷，每日三次。（出自《千金方》）
(From *Tang Bencao*)
[Names] Qingyang (from *Bencao Gangmu*), Puliú (from *Erya*), Puyang (from *Gujin Zhu*), Pu (pronounced "yi"), [ ] Liu (from *Gujin Zhu*).
Li Shizhen stated: The branches of the Yang tree are hard and rise upward, hence it is called "Yang". It grows abundantly in places with water reeds (*Pu*) and cattails (*Huan*), thus having names such as Shuiyang (Water Yang), Puliú (Reed Willow), and Huafu.
[Collected Explanations] Su Gong said: The leaves of Shuiyang (Water Poplar/Willow) are round, broad, and pointed at the tip; its branches are short and hard, completely different from true willows. True willow leaves are narrow and long, with long, slender, and soft branches.
Su Song said: *Erya* records: "Yang is Puliú." Its branches are strong and tough, suitable for making arrow shafts. The "Fu" mentioned in *Zuo Zhuan* refers to this. It grows abundantly in the sandy lands of Hebei today. There are many varieties of Yang and Liu trees. Cui Bao in *Gujin Zhu* stated: Baiyang (White Yang) has round leaves, Qingyang (Green Yang) has longer leaves, willow leaves are long and fine, and [ ] yang leaves are round and weak. The wood grain of Shuiyang is also reddish. However, people nowadays rarely distinguish between these categories.
Its flowers are the same as those of willows.
[Flavor and Properties] Bitter, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Treats chronic dysentery with red and white pus/blood. Crush and extract one sheng (approx. 200ml) of juice and take it twice daily; it is highly effective (from *Tang Bencao*).
Treats carbuncles and sores (Yongzhong) and smallpox toxins (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen said: The root of Shuiyang cures carbuncles, therefore modern practitioners use its branches and leaves to treat smallpox. Wei Zhi in *Boxiao Xinjian* stated: When smallpox lesions have been sunken for several days, the pus fails to form or move, or when blocked by wind-cold pathogenic factors. It is appropriate to use five jin (approx. 3kg) of Shuiyang branches and leaves (use branches if no leaves are available) and decoct them in a large pot of running water for a warm bath. If the water cools, add hot water. After a while, observe: if the lesions rise and show a halo, the pus is circulating. If not full, bathe again. For those with weak constitution, only wash the head, face, hands, and feet. If repeated bathing does not cause the lesions to rise, the qi and blood are exhausted, and further bathing is contraindicated. Bathing is contraindicated when the rash first appears or when it is itchy and collapsed.
Smallpox failing to generate pus is due to stagnant qi and blood, tight interstices (couli), or external obstruction by wind-cold. Bathing allows warmth to penetrate, harmonizing and unblocking stagnation, allowing qi and blood to flow freely. The pus forms and fills with the release of warmth, which is a significant effect. If internal medicines that tonify qi and blood are taken concurrently, the efficacy is accelerated, and wind-cold cannot obstruct it. Wei Zhi witnessed an old woman in a village using this method successfully. Upon inquiring about the prescription, he found it to be infallible. Do not alter it lightly; it truly possesses the subtle art of regulating harmony. Just as the movement of the Huangzhong pitch-pipe awakens hibernating insects, and the east wind melts hard ice, both represent the vitality of spring. This method is not recorded in other books, so I have detailed it here.
Bark of the Wood and Roots
[Flavor and Properties] Same as the branches and leaves.
[Indications] Pain from metal wounds (Jinchuang), mastitis (Ruyong) and other swellings, smallpox (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen said: According to Li Zhongnan's *Yonglei Qianfang*: Someone treated mastitis by holding a single root, chewing it raw, and applying it to the sore. It felt hot like fire, and upon reapplication, the swelling subsided. Inquiring about the prescription, it was revealed to be the root of Shuiyang liu (Poplar/Willow). Ge Hong's *Zhouhou Beiji Fang* uses willow root to treat mastitis. Thus, the properties of Yang and Liu are similar and they can be used interchangeably.
[Attached Prescriptions] One new prescription.
Pain from metal wounds: Take the white inner bark of Yang wood, dry it by roasting, and grind into powder. Take one fangcun bi (approx. 5-10g) with water, and apply externally. Repeat three times daily. (From *Qianjin Fang*)