（《本经》下品）
【释名】木王。
时珍曰∶梓，或作 ，其义未详。
按∶陆佃《埤雅》云∶梓为百木长，故呼梓为木王。盖木莫良于梓，故《书》以梓材名
篇，《礼》以梓人名匠，朝廷以梓宫名棺也。罗愿云∶屋室有此木，则余材皆不震。其为木
王可知。
【集解】《别录》曰∶梓白皮生河内山谷。
弘景曰∶此即梓树之皮。梓有三种，当用朴素不腐者。
颂曰∶今近道皆有之，宫寺人家园亭亦多植之。木似桐而叶小，花紫。《尔雅》云∶椅
，梓。郭璞注云∶即楸也。《诗· 风》云∶椅、桐、梓、漆，爰伐琴瑟。陆机注云∶楸之
疏理白色而生子者为梓，梓实桐皮为椅，大同而小异也。入药当用有子者。又一种鼠梓，一
名，亦楸属也。枝叶木理皆如楸。今人谓之苦楸，江东人谓之虎梓。《诗·小雅》云“北
山有 ”是也。鼠李一名鼠梓，或云即此。然花实都不相类，恐别一物而名同尔。
楸
生山谷间，与梓树本同末异，或以为一物者误矣。
皆不堪。
梓、 、楸，一物四名。而陆机《诗疏》以楸之疏理白色生子者为梓，梓实桐皮者为椅。贾
思勰《齐民要术》又以白色有角者为梓，即角楸也，又名子楸。黄色无子者为椅楸，又名荆
黄楸。但以子之有无为别。其角细长如箸，其长近尺，冬后叶落而角犹在树。其实亦名豫章。
时珍曰∶梓木处处有之。有三种∶木理白者为梓，赤者为楸，梓之美纹者为椅，楸之
。诸家疏注，殊欠分明。桐亦名椅，与此不同。此椅即尸子所“谓荆有长松、文椅”者也。
梓白皮
【气味】苦，寒，无毒。
【主治】热毒，去三虫（《本经》）。
疗目中疾，主吐逆胃反。小儿热疮，身头热烦，蚀疮，煎汤浴之，并捣敷（《别录》）。
煎汤洗小儿壮热，一切疮疥，皮肤瘙痒（大明）。治温病复感寒邪，变为胃 ，煮汁饮之（时
珍）。
【附方】新一。
时气温病，头痛壮热，初得一日∶用生梓木削去黑皮，取里白者切一升，水二升五合煎
汁。每服八合，取瘥。（《肘后方》）
叶
【主治】捣敷猪疮。饲猪，肥大三倍（《本经》）。
疗手脚火烂疮（《别录》）。
弘景曰∶桐叶、梓叶肥猪之法未见，应在商丘子《养猪经》中。
恭曰∶二树花叶饲猪，并能肥大且易养，见李当之《本草》及《博物志》，然不云敷猪
疮也。
【附方】新一。
风癣疙瘩∶梓叶、木绵子、羯羊屎、鼠屎等分，入瓶中合定，烧取汁涂之。（《试效录
验方》）
（收录于《神农本草经》下品）
【释名】木王。
李时珍说：梓，有时写作“”，其含义不详。
考证：陆佃在《埤雅》中说：梓是百木之长，所以称梓为木王。大概没有比梓树更好的木材了，所以《尚书》用“梓材”命名篇章，《礼记》用“梓人”称呼工匠，朝廷用“梓宫”称呼棺椁。罗愿说：房屋中使用了这种木材，其他木材都不会震动。它被称为木王是可以知道的。
【集解】《名医别录》说：梓白皮生长在河内的山谷中。
陶弘景说：这就是梓树的皮。梓有三种，应当选用质地朴素、未腐朽的。
苏颂说：现在各地都有生长，宫殿、寺庙、人家、园亭也大多种植它。树木像梧桐但叶子较小，花呈紫色。《尔雅》说：椅就是梓。郭璞注释说：就是楸树。《诗经·鄘风》说：椅、桐、梓、漆，砍伐来制作琴瑟。陆机注释说：楸树纹理疏松、颜色洁白且结籽的是梓，梓树结籽而树皮像梧桐的是椅，两者大同小异。入药应当使用结籽的。又有一种鼠梓，别名“”，也是楸属。枝叶和木质纹理都像楸树。现在的人叫它苦楸，江东人叫它虎梓。《诗经·小雅》说“北山有”，指的就是这个。鼠李又名鼠梓，有人说就是这种。然而花和果实都不相似，恐怕是另一种同名之物。
楸树生长在山谷间，与梓树本源相同但末端不同，有人认为是同一种物是错误的。
都不可用。
梓、“”、楸，一名四物。而陆机在《毛诗草木鸟兽虫鱼疏》中以楸树纹理疏松、颜色洁白且结籽的为梓，梓树结籽而树皮像梧桐的为椅。贾思勰在《齐民要术》中又以白色且有角果的为梓，即角楸，又名子楸。黄色无籽的为椅楸，又名荆黄楸。只是以是否有籽来区别。它的角果细长如筷子，长度接近一尺，冬天落叶后角果仍挂在树上。它的果实也叫豫章。
李时珍说：梓木到处都有。有三种：木纹白色的叫梓，红色的叫楸，梓树中美纹的叫椅，楸树中……各家疏注，特别不够分明。梧桐也名叫椅，与此不同。这里的椅就是尸子所说的“楚国拥有长松、文椅”中的椅。
梓白皮
【气味】味苦，性寒，无毒。
【主治】热毒，驱除三虫（出自《神农本草经》）。
治疗眼疾，主治呕吐反胃。小儿热疮，身体头部发热烦躁，蚀疮，煎汤洗浴，并捣碎外敷（出自《名医别录》）。
煎汤清洗小儿高热，一切疮疥，皮肤瘙痒（出自唐·大明）。治疗温病再次感受寒邪，变为胃脘痞满，煮汁饮用（李时珍）。
【附方】新增一方。
时气温病，头痛高热，刚得病一天：取生梓木削去黑皮，取内部白色部分切一升，用水二升五合煎取汁液。每次服用八合，直到病愈。（出自《肘后备急方》）
叶
【主治】捣碎外敷猪身上的疮。用来喂猪，可使猪肥大三倍（出自《神农本草经》）。
治疗手脚火烂疮（出自《名医别录》）。
陶弘景说：桐叶、梓叶喂猪使其肥大的方法未见记载，应该在商丘子的《养猪经》中。
孟诜说：这两种树的花叶喂猪，都能使猪肥大且容易饲养，见于李当之的《本草》及《博物志》，但没有提到敷治猪疮。
【附方】新增一方。
风癣疙瘩：梓叶、木绵子、公羊屎、老鼠屎各等分，放入瓶中密封好，烧取汁液涂抹患处。（出自《试效录验方》）
(Recorded in the Lower Grade of *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
[Names] King of Wood.
Li Shizhen said: "Zi" (Catalpa), sometimes written as "", its meaning is unknown.
Verification: Lu Tuan in *Piya* stated that Catalpa is the chief of all trees, hence called the King of Wood. This is because no wood is superior to Catalpa; thus, the *Book of Documents* named a chapter "Materials for Building," the *Book of Rites* referred to craftsmen as "Zi-men" (carpenters), and the imperial court used "Zi-gong" (catalpa coffin) to refer to coffins. Luo Yuan said: If this wood is used in houses, other woods will not shake. Its title as the King of Wood is evident.
[Collection of Explanations] *Bielu* states: The white bark of Catalpa grows in the valleys of Henei.
Tao Hongjing said: This is the bark of the Catalpa tree. There are three types of Catalpa; one should use those that are plain and not rotten.
Su Song said: It is now found everywhere, and is often planted in palaces, temples, homes, and gardens. The tree resembles Paulownia but has smaller leaves and purple flowers. *Erya* states: Yi is Zi. Guo Pu's annotation says: It is Qiu (Black Walnut). The *Classic of Poetry · Feng of Yong* states: "Yi, Tong, Zi, Qi, cut them down to make qin and se." Lu Ji's annotation says: Among Qiu trees, the ones with loose texture, white color, and bearing fruit are called Zi; those with fruit like Paulownia bark are called Yi. They are largely similar with minor differences. For medicinal use, the fruit-bearing variety should be used. There is also a type called Shu-Zi (Mouse Catalpa), alias "", which belongs to the Qiu genus. Its branches, leaves, and wood grain resemble Qiu. People today call it Ku-Qiu (Bitter Qiu), and people in Jiangdong call it Hu-Zi (Tiger Catalpa). The *Classic of Poetry · Xiao Ya* states "There is [Shu] in the North Mountain," referring to this. Shu-Li (Rhamnus) is also named Shu-Zi; some say it is this plant. However, its flowers and fruits are completely different, so it is likely a different species sharing the same name.
Qiu trees grow in valleys; although they share the same root origin as Catalpa, their ends differ. Those who consider them the same species are mistaken.
[These parts] are unsuitable for use.
Zi, "", and Qiu are four names for essentially the same entity. However, Lu Ji in his commentary on the *Classic of Poetry* defined Zi as Qiu with loose texture, white color, and fruit, and Yi as having fruit and Paulownia-like bark. Jia Sixie in *Qimin Yaoshu* defined Zi as the white variety with pod-like fruits, i.e., Jiao-Qiu, also known as Zi-Qiu. The yellow variety without fruit is Yi-Qiu, also known as Jing-Huang-Qiu. The distinction lies merely in the presence or absence of fruit. The pods are slender like chopsticks, nearly one chi long, remaining on the tree after leaves fall in winter. Its fruit is also called Yuzhang.
Li Shizhen said: Catalpa wood is found everywhere. There are three types: White-grained is Zi, red-grained is Qiu, and the beautiful-grained variety of Zi is Yi. The annotations by various scholars are particularly unclear. Paulownia is also called Yi, which is different from this. This Yi refers to the "Wenyi" (beautiful catalpa) mentioned by Shi Zi: "Chu possesses tall pines and beautiful catalpas."
White Bark of Catalpa
[Properties and Flavor] Bitter, Cold, Non-toxic.
[Indications] Heat toxins, expels three parasites (*Shennong Bencao Jing*).
Treats eye diseases, primarily vomiting and gastric reflux. For infant heat sores, fever and irritability of the body and head, and corrosive sores, decoct for bathing, or crush and apply externally (*Bielu*).
Decoct for washing infants' high fever, all kinds of sores and scabies, and skin itching (Tang Dynasty · Da Ming). Treats warm diseases complicated by cold pathogen invasion, transforming into stomach fullness/stagnation; boil the juice and drink it (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Formulas] One new formula.
Seasonal warm disease, headache and high fever, within one day of onset: Take fresh Catalpa wood, scrape off the black outer bark, take one sheng of the inner white part, decoct in two sheng five he of water. Take eight he per dose until cured (*Zhouhou Beiji Fang*).
Leaves
[Indications] Crush and apply to sores on pigs. Feeding pigs with these leaves makes them three times fatter (*Shennong Bencao Jing*).
Treats fiery rotting sores on hands and feet (*Bielu*).
Tao Hongjing said: The method of using Paulownia and Catalpa leaves to fatten pigs is not seen here; it should be in Shangqiu Zi's *Pig Raising Classic*.
Meng Shen said: Feeding pigs with the flowers and leaves of both trees can make them fat and easy to raise, as seen in Li Dangzhi's *Bencao* and *Bowuzhi*, but it does not mention applying them to pig sores.
[Attached Formulas] One new formula.
Wind-type tinea and nodules: Equal parts of Catalpa leaves, cotton seeds, male sheep feces, and rat feces. Place in a bottle, seal tightly, burn to extract the juice, and apply to the affected area (*Shixiao Lu Yanfang*).