（《拾遗》）
【释名】 。
时珍曰∶楸叶大而早脱，故谓之楸； 叶小而早秀，故谓之 。唐时立秋日，京师卖楸
叶，妇女、儿童剪花戴之，取秋意也。《尔雅》云∶叶小而 ， 。叶大而 ，楸。 ，音
鹊，皮粗也。
【集解】见梓下。
周定王曰∶楸有二种。一种刺楸，其树高硕，皮色苍白，上有黄白斑点，枝梗间多大刺
。叶似楸而薄，味甘，嫩时炸熟，水淘过拌食。
时珍曰∶楸有行列，茎干直耸可爱。至秋垂条如线，谓之楸线，其木湿时脆，燥则坚，
故谓之良材，宜作棋枰，即梓之赤者也。
木白皮
【气味】苦，小寒，无毒。 曰∶微温。
【主治】吐逆，杀三虫及皮肤虫。煎膏，粘敷恶疮疽 ，痈肿疳痔。除脓血，生肌肤，
长筋骨（藏器）。消食涩肠下气，治上气咳嗽。亦入面药（
效
【附方】旧一，新一。
疮∶楸枝作煎，频洗取效。（《肘后方》）
白癜风疮∶楸白皮五斤，水五斗，煎五升，去滓，煎如稠膏。日三摩之。（《圣济总录》）。
叶
【气味】同皮。
【主治】捣敷疮肿。煮汤，洗脓血。冬取干叶用之。诸痈肿溃及内有刺不出者，取叶十
重贴之（藏器。出《范汪方》）。
【发明】时珍曰∶楸乃外科要药，而近人少知。葛常之《韵语阳秋》云∶有人患发背
溃坏，肠胃可窥，百方不瘥。一医用立秋日太阳未升时，采楸树叶，熬之为膏，敷其外；内
以云母膏作小丸服，尽四两，不累日而愈也。东晋范汪，名医也，亦称楸叶治疮肿之功。则
楸有拔毒排脓之力可知。
【附方】旧七，新一。
上气咳嗽，腹满羸瘦者∶楸叶三斗，水三斗，煮三十沸，去滓，煎至可，丸如枣大。以
筒纳入下部中，立愈。（崔元亮《海上集验方》）。
一切毒肿不问硬软∶取楸叶十重敷肿上，旧帛裹之，日三易之。当重重有毒瓦斯为水，流
在叶上。冬月取干叶，盐水浸软，或取根皮捣烂，敷之皆效。止痛消肿，食脓血，胜于众药。
（《范汪东阳方》）。
十五斤，以水一石，净釜中煎取三斗，又换锅煎取七、八升，又换锅煎取二升，乃纳不津器
中。用时先取麻油半合，蜡一分，酥一栗子许，同消化。又取杏仁七粒，生姜少许，同研。
米粉二钱，同入膏中搅匀。先涂疮上，经二日来乃拭却，即以篦子匀涂楸煎满疮上，仍以软
帛裹之。且日一拭，更上新药。不过五、六上，已破者即便生肌，未破者即内消。瘥后须将
慎半年。采药及煎时，并禁孝子、妇人、僧道、鸡犬见之。（
不瘥。楸叶及根皮为末，敷之。（《圣惠方》）
儿发不生∶楸叶中心，捣汁频涂。（《千金翼》）。
，烧干去泥，入水少许，绞汁，铜器慢熬如稀饧，瓷合收之。每旦点之。（《普济方》）。
小儿秃疮∶楸叶捣汁，涂之。（《子母秘录》）
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】（名称解释）。
李时珍说：楸树的叶子大而早落，所以称为“楸”；梓树的叶子小而早熟，所以称为“梓”。唐代时在立秋这一天，京城里售卖楸叶，妇女和儿童剪成花朵佩戴，以取秋意。《尔雅》中说：叶子小的叫“梓”，叶子大的叫“楸”。“梓”音同“鹊”，指树皮粗糙。
【集解】（集录解说）见“梓”条之下。
周定王说：楸有两种。一种是刺楸，树身高大硕壮，树皮颜色苍白，上面有黄白斑点，枝梗间有很多大刺。叶子像楸叶但较薄，味道甘甜，嫩的时候炸熟，用水淘过后拌食。
李时珍说：楸树排列整齐，茎干笔直耸立，令人喜爱。到了秋天，枝条下垂如线，称为“楸线”。它的木材在湿润时易脆，干燥后坚硬，所以称为优良材料，适宜制作棋盘，这就是梓树中红色的那一种。
木白皮（楸树根或树干的内层白色树皮）
【气味】味苦，性小寒，无毒。[某医家]说：性微温。
【主治】治疗呕吐逆气，杀灭三虫及皮肤寄生虫。煎制成膏药，粘敷于恶疮、疽、痈肿、疳痔上。能去除脓血，促进肌肉生长，强壮筋骨（出自《本草拾遗》）。消食、涩肠、下气，治疗肺气上逆引起的咳嗽。也可用于配制面部美容药物（功效未详）。
【附方】旧方一个，新方一个。
疮疡：将楸枝煎煮汤剂，频繁清洗患处即可见效。（出自《肘后备急方》）
白癜风疮：取楸树白皮五斤，水五斗，煎至五升，滤去渣滓，再煎成稠膏状。每天涂抹三次。（出自《圣济总录》）。
叶
【气味】与树皮相同。
【主治】捣碎后外敷疮肿。煮汤，清洗脓血。冬季取干燥的叶子使用。各种痈肿溃烂以及体内有刺拔不出来的情况，取十层楸叶贴敷患处（出自《本草拾遗》，引自《范汪方》）。
【发明】（发挥阐释）李时珍说：楸是外科的重要药物，但近代人很少知晓。葛常之的《韵语阳秋》记载：有人患发背疽溃烂坏死，甚至可以看到肠胃，用各种方法治疗都不痊愈。一位医生在立秋日太阳尚未升起时，采集楸树叶，熬制成膏，外敷患处；内服云母膏制成的小丸，共服用四两，没过几天就痊愈了。东晋名医范汪也称赞楸叶治疗疮肿的功效。由此可见，楸具有拔毒排脓的力量。
【附方】旧方七个，新方一个。
肺气上逆咳嗽，腹部胀满且身体消瘦者：取楸叶三斗，水三斗，煮沸三十次，滤去渣滓，煎至可浓缩的状态，制成如枣子大小的丸药。用竹筒纳入下部（肛门），立即痊愈。（出自崔元亮《海上集验方》）。
一切毒肿，不问软硬：取十层楸叶敷在肿处，用旧布包裹，每天更换三次。应当看到层层有毒瓦斯化为水流到叶子上。冬季取干叶，用盐水浸软，或者取根皮捣烂，敷用都有效。止痛消肿，排出脓血，胜过其他药物。（出自《范汪东阳方》）。
（此处原文似有脱漏或排版错误，根据上下文推测为制作楸膏的方法）：取楸叶十五斤，用水一石，在干净的锅中煎取三斗，又换锅煎取七八升，再换锅煎取二升，然后放入不透水的容器中。使用时先取麻油半合，蜡一分，酥（奶油/黄油）一栗子大小，一同融化。再取杏仁七粒，生姜少许，一同研磨。米粉二钱，一同加入膏中搅匀。先涂在疮上，经过两天后再擦掉，即用梳子均匀涂抹楸膏覆盖整个疮面，仍用软布包裹。每天擦拭一次，更新新药。不过五六次，已经破溃的立刻生肌，未破溃的即自行消散。病愈后需忌口半年。采药及煎制时，禁止孝子、妇人、僧道、鸡犬看见。（[出处不详]）
若不痊愈，将楸叶及根皮研成粉末，敷用。（出自《太平圣惠方》）
小儿头发不生：取楸叶中心部分，捣汁频繁涂抹。（出自《千金翼方》）。
（此处原文似有脱漏，推测为某种眼部或头部疾病），烧干去泥，加入少许水，绞取汁液，用铜器慢火熬成稀饧状，用瓷盒收存。每天早晨点用。（出自《普济方》）。
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica])
[Nomenclature] (Explanation of names).
Li Shizhen stated: The leaves of the Catalpa tree (*Catalpa ovata*) are large and fall early, hence it is called "Qiu" (Catalpa); the leaves of the Toona tree (*Toona sinensis*, referred to here as Zi) are small and mature early, hence it is called "Zi". During the Tang Dynasty, on the Start of Autumn day, people in the capital sold Qiu leaves, which women and children cut into flowers to wear, to evoke the feeling of autumn. *Erya* states: Small-leaved is "Zi", large-leaved is "Qiu". "Zi" sounds like "Que" (magpie), referring to the rough bark.
[Collection and Explanation] See under the entry for "Zi" (Toona).
King Ding of Zhou said: There are two types of Qiu. One is the Thorny Qiu, which grows tall and robust, with pale white bark marked with yellow and white spots, and branches bearing many large thorns. Its leaves resemble those of Qiu but are thinner, and have a sweet taste. When tender, they can be fried until cooked, rinsed with water, and eaten mixed with other foods.
Li Shizhen stated: Qiu trees grow in orderly rows, with straight and upright trunks that are pleasing to behold. In autumn, their branches hang down like threads, called "Qiu lines". The wood is brittle when wet but hard when dry, thus considered fine timber suitable for making chessboards; this is the red variety of Zi.
White Bark of the Wood
[Properties and Flavor] Bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic. [An unnamed physician] stated: Slightly warm.
[Indications] Treats vomiting and rebellious Qi; kills three types of parasites and skin parasites. Decocted into an ointment and applied topically, it treats malignant sores, carbuncles, abscesses, and hemorrhoids caused by malnutrition/toxins. It removes pus and blood, promotes tissue regeneration, and strengthens bones and tendons (from *Bencao Shiyi*). Promotes digestion, astringes the intestines, directs Qi downward, and treats cough due to rebellious Lung Qi. Also used in facial cosmetic preparations (efficacy unspecified).
[Prescriptions] One old prescription, one new prescription.
Sores/Ulcers: Decoct Qiu branches and wash the affected area frequently until effective. (*Zhouhou Beiji Fang* [Emergency Prescriptions Kept Up One's Sleeve])
Vitiligo: Take five jin (approx. 3 kg) of white bark from Qiu roots/trunks, add five dou (approx. 50 liters) of water, decoct to five sheng (approx. 5 liters), strain, and further reduce to a thick paste. Rub onto the affected area three times daily. (*Shengji Zonglu* [General Essential Prescriptions for Emergencies])
Leaves
[Properties and Flavor] Same as the bark.
[Indications] Crushed and applied externally to treat swollen sores. Boiled in water to wash away pus and blood. Use dried leaves collected in winter. For various abscesses that have ulcerated or where foreign bodies (thorns) remain inside, apply ten layers of Qiu leaves to the affected area (from *Bencao Shiyi*, citing *Fan Wang Fang*).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen stated: Qiu is an important herb for external medicine, yet few modern practitioners know of it. Ge Changzhi’s *Yunyu Yangqiu* records: A person suffered from a back carbuncle that ulcerated and necrotized to the point where internal organs were visible. Various treatments failed. A physician collected Qiu leaves before sunrise on the Start of Autumn, boiled them into an ointment, and applied it externally; internally, the patient took small pills of Yunmu Gao (Mica Ointment), consuming four liang (approx. 120 g) in total, and recovered within a few days. Fan Wang, a famous physician of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, also praised the efficacy of Qiu leaves in treating sores and swelling. This demonstrates that Qiu possesses the power to draw out toxins and expel pus.
[Prescriptions] Seven old prescriptions, one new prescription.
Rebellious Qi causing cough, abdominal distension, and emaciation: Take three dou (approx. 30 liters) of Qiu leaves and three dou of water, boil thirty times, strain, and reduce to a concentrate. Form pills the size of dates. Insert into the lower orifice (anus) using a bamboo tube for immediate relief. (Cui Yuanliang, *Haishang Jiyan Fang* [Collected Effective Prescriptions from the Sea])
All toxic swellings, regardless of hardness or softness: Apply ten layers of Qiu leaves over the swelling, wrap with old cloth, and change three times daily. Toxic vapors should be seen turning into liquid flowing onto the leaves. In winter, use dried leaves softened in salt water, or crush root bark and apply; both are effective. Relieves pain and swelling, discharges pus and blood, superior to other herbs. (*Fan Wang Dongyang Fang*)
(Note: The original text contains apparent gaps or formatting errors regarding the preparation method of Qiu Paste). Take fifteen jin (approx. 9 kg) of Qiu leaves, one dan (approx. 100 liters) of water, decoct in a clean pot to obtain three dou (approx. 30 liters). Transfer to another pot and decoct to seven or eight sheng (approx. 7-8 liters). Transfer again and decoct to two sheng (approx. 2 liters). Then place in a non-porous container. When using, first melt half he (approx. 15 ml) of sesame oil, one fen (approx. 3-4 g) of beeswax, and a piece of butter/ghee the size of a chestnut together. Grind seven almonds and a little ginger together. Add two qian (approx. 6-7 g) of rice flour, mix evenly into the paste. First apply to the sore, wipe off after two days, then uniformly spread the Qiu decoction/paste over the entire wound with a comb, and cover with soft cloth. Wipe once daily and apply fresh medicine. Within five to six applications, open wounds will regenerate flesh, and unopened swellings will resolve internally. After recovery, dietary restrictions must be observed for half a year. During harvesting and decoction, filial sons, women, monks, Taoist priests, chickens, and dogs must not witness the process. ([Source Unspecified])
If not healed, grind Qiu leaves and root bark into powder and apply. (*Taiping Shenghui Fang* [Holy Hui Prescriptions of the Taiping Era])
Children with failure of hair growth: Crush the center of Qiu leaves, extract juice, and apply frequently. (*Qianjin Yi Fang* [Appendix to Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold])
(Note: Original text appears truncated, likely referring to a specific condition such as eye or scalp issue). Burn until dry, remove ash/mud, add a little water, squeeze out juice, slowly boil in a copper vessel until resembling thin syrup, store in a porcelain box. Apply dropwise every morning. (*Puji Fang* [Universal Effective Prescriptions])
Pediatric alopecia barbae/tinea capitis: Crush Qiu leaves, extract juice, and apply. (*Zimu Milu* [Secret Record of Mother and Child])