（《纲目》）
【释名】时珍曰∶降注雨水谓之潦，又淫雨为潦。韩退之诗云，潢潦无根源，朝灌夕已
除，是矣。
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
【主治】煎调脾胃、去湿热之药（时珍）。
【发明】成无己曰∶仲景治伤寒瘀热在里，身发黄，麻黄连轺赤小豆汤，煎用潦水者，
取其味薄则不助湿气。
（《拾遗》）
【释名】时珍曰∶露者，阴气之液也，夜气着物而润泽于道旁也。
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
【主治】秋露繁时，以盘收取，煎如饴，令人延年不饥（藏器）。禀肃杀之气，宜煎润
肺
杀祟之药，及调疥癣虫癞诸散（虞抟）。百草头上秋露，未 时收取，愈百疾，止消渴，令
人
身轻不饥，肥肉悦泽。别有化云母作粉服法（藏器）。八月朔日收取，摩墨点太阳穴，止头
痛；
点膏肓穴，治劳瘵，谓之天灸（时珍）。百花上露∶令人好颜色（藏器）。
柏叶上露，菖蒲上露，并能明目，旦旦洗之（时珍）。
韭叶上露，去白癜风，旦旦涂之（时珍）。
凌霄花上露∶入目损目（时珍）。
【发明】藏器曰∶KT 用弱《续齐谐记》云∶司农邓绍，八月朝入华山，见一童子，
以五采囊盛取柏叶下露珠满囊。绍问之。答云∶赤松先生取以明目也。今人八月朝作露华囊
，象此也。又郭宪《洞冥记》云∶汉武帝时，有吉云国，出吉云草，食之不死。日照之，露
皆五色。东方朔得玄、青、黄三露，各盛五合，以献于帝。赐群臣服之，病皆愈。朔曰∶日
初出处，露皆如饴。今人煎露如饴，久服不饥。《吕氏春秋》云，水之美者，有三危之露，
为水即重于水也。时珍曰∶秋露造酒最清冽。姑射神人吸风饮露。汉武帝作金盘承露，和玉
屑服食。杨贵妃每晨吸花上露，以止渴解酲。番国有蔷薇露，甚芬香，云是花上露水，未知
是否？藏器曰∶凡秋露春雨着草，人素有疮及破伤者触犯之，疮顿不痒痛，乃中风及毒水，
身必反张似角弓之状。急以盐豉和面作碗子，于疮上灸一百壮，出恶水数升，乃知痛痒而瘥
也。
（《本草纲目》）
【释名】李时珍说：降落注下的雨水称为潦，连绵不断的阴雨也称为潦。韩愈的诗中说：“积水没有根源，早晨灌注晚上就干涸了”，说的就是这个道理。
【气味】味甘，性平，无毒。
【发明】成无己说：张仲景治疗伤寒导致瘀热蕴结在体内，身体发黄，使用麻黄连轺赤小豆汤时，用潦水煎药，是因为潦水味道淡薄，不会助长湿气。
（《本草拾遗》）
【释名】李时珍说：露水是阴气的液体，夜间空气中的湿气附着在物体上，使道路两旁变得润泽。
【气味】味甘，性平，无毒。
【主治】秋季露水繁盛时，用盘子收集起来，煎煮得像饴糖一样稠厚，能让人延年益寿且不感到饥饿（孟诜）。露水禀受肃杀之气，适宜用来煎煮润肺、驱除邪祟的药物，以及调和疥癣、虫癞等各种散剂（虞抟）。百草叶尖上的秋露，在未时之前收取，可以治愈各种疾病，止住消渴症，让人身体轻盈不感饥饿，皮肤肥润光泽。另有将云母化为粉末服用的方法（孟诜）。八月初一收取露水，涂抹在太阳穴上，可止头痛；涂抹在膏肓穴上，可治疗劳瘵（肺结核等慢性消耗性疾病），这被称为“天灸”（李时珍）。百花上的露水：能让人面色红润好看（孟诜）。柏树叶上的露水、菖蒲叶上的露水，都能明目，每天清晨清洗眼睛（李时珍）。韭菜叶上的露水，能去除白癜风，每天清晨涂抹患处（李时珍）。凌霄花上的露水：进入眼睛会损伤视力（李时珍）。
【发明】孟诜说：《续齐谐记》记载：司农邓绍，在八月初一进入华山，看见一个童子，用五彩囊收集柏树叶下的露珠，装满了袋子。邓绍问他原因。童子回答说：这是赤松先生取来明目的。现在人们八月初一制作露华囊，就是效仿这个典故。又据郭宪《洞冥记》记载：汉武帝时期，有吉云国，出产吉云草，吃了可以不死。阳光照射它，上面的露水都是五色的。东方朔得到了黑、青、黄三种颜色的露水，各盛五合，献给皇帝。皇帝赏赐给群臣服用，病都痊愈了。东方朔说：太阳刚升起的地方，露水都像饴糖一样甜。现在人们煎煮露水像饴糖一样，长期服用可以不感到饥饿。《吕氏春秋》说，最美的水有三危山的露水，作为水比一般的水更重。李时珍说：用秋露酿酒最清澈凛冽。姑射山的神人吸风饮露。汉武帝制作金盘承接露水，混合玉屑服用。杨贵妃每天早晨吸食花上的露水，用来止渴解酒。番国有蔷薇露，非常芬芳，说是花上的露水，不知是否属实？孟诜说：凡是秋天的露水和春天的雨水落在草上，如果人本来就有疮疡或破损伤口，触犯了这些露水，疮口顿时不再痒痛，这是因为中了风毒和水毒，身体必定会出现角弓反张的症状。急忙用盐和豆豉和面做成碗状，在疮口上艾灸一百壮，排出几升恶臭的水液，然后才恢复知觉和痛感而痊愈。
(Compendium of Materia Medica)
[Names] Li Shizhen said: Rainwater that falls and accumulates is called "Liao" (accumulated rainwater), and continuous heavy rain is also referred to as "Liao". Han Yu's poem states, "The accumulated water has no source; what is poured in the morning is gone by evening," which describes this phenomenon.
[Properties and Flavor] Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Used for decocting medicines that regulate the Spleen and Stomach and eliminate damp-heat (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Cheng Wuji stated: When Zhang Zhongjing treated Shaoyang disease with stagnant heat accumulating internally, resulting in jaundice, he used Mahuang Lianqiao Chixiaodou Decoction (Ephedra, Forsythia, and Red Bean Decoction) and prescribed Liao water for decoction because its thin flavor does not assist in retaining dampness.
(Collectanea on Materia Medica)
[Names] Li Shizhen said: Dew is the fluid of Yin Qi; it is moisture from the night air that adheres to objects, making the roadside damp and glossy.
[Properties and Flavor] Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] During times of abundant autumn dew, collect it with plates, boil it down until thick like malt syrup, to prolong life and prevent hunger (Meng Shen). Dew inherits the qi of austerity and killing; it is suitable for decocting medicines that moisten the Lungs and dispel malevolent influences, as well as for mixing various powders treating tinea, scabies, parasites, and leprosy (Yu Tuan). Autumn dew on the tips of hundred herbs, collected before 1 PM (Wei hour), can cure myriad diseases, stop polydipsia (wasting-thirst syndrome), make the body feel light and free from hunger, and render the flesh plump and lustrous. There is another method mentioned by Meng Shen for converting Yunmu (Mica) into powder for consumption. Collect dew on the first day of the eighth lunar month; apply it to the Taiyang acupoint (GB-20) to stop headache; apply it to the Gaohuang acupoint (BL-43) to treat Laozai (consumptive disease such as tuberculosis); this is called "Heavenly Moxibustion" (Li Shizhen). Dew on hundred flowers: improves complexion and beauty (Meng Shen). Dew on Cinnamomi Cortex leaves (Baiye) and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma leaves (Changpu): both brighten the eyes; wash with them daily at dawn (Li Shizhen). Dew on Allii Tuberosi Herba leaves (Jiucai): removes vitiligo; apply daily at dawn (Li Shizhen). Dew on Campsis grandiflora flowers (Lingxiaohua): entering the eye damages vision (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Meng Shen stated: "Xu Qixiang Ji" records: Deng Shao, an official of the Ministry of Agriculture, entered Mount Hua on the first day of August and saw a boy collecting dewdrops from under Cinnamomi Cortex leaves into a five-colored pouch. Deng Shao asked him about it. The boy replied, "Master Chisong uses this to brighten the eyes." This is why people today make "Dew Flower Pouches" on the first day of August, imitating this story. Furthermore, Guo Xian's "Dongming Ji" records: During Emperor Wu of Han's reign, there was a country named Jiyun, which produced Jiyun grass; consuming it grants immortality. When exposed to sunlight, the dew on it appears in five colors. Dongfang Shuo obtained black, cyan, and yellow dew, each containing five he, and presented them to the Emperor. The Emperor bestowed them upon his ministers to consume, curing all illnesses. Dongfang Shuo said, "Where the sun first rises, the dew is like malt syrup." Today, people boil dew until thick like syrup; long-term consumption prevents hunger. "Lüshi Chunqiu" states that the finest waters include the dew of Sanwei, which is heavier than ordinary water when converted to liquid. Li Shizhen said: Brewing wine with autumn dew yields the clearest and coldest liquor. The divine beings of Guye Mountain inhale wind and drink dew. Emperor Wu of Han constructed a golden tray to catch dew, mixing it with jade dust for ingestion. Lady Yang Guifei inhaled dew from flowers every morning to quench thirst and sober up. Foreign countries produce Rosa rugosa dew, which is highly fragrant, claimed to be dew from flowers, though its authenticity is uncertain. Meng Shen stated: Whenever autumn or spring dew settles on grass, if a person with existing sores or broken skin comes into contact with it, the sore will suddenly cease itching and hurting. This indicates contraction of wind-toxin and toxic water, causing the body to arch backward like a bowstring (opisthotonos). Immediately mix salt and fermented soybeans with flour to form a bowl-shaped mold, place it over the sore, and perform moxibustion for one hundred moxa cones. After several sheng of foul water are expelled, sensation and pain return, and the patient recovers.