（《纲目》）
【释名】燔针（《素问》）、淬针（《素问》）、烧针（《伤寒论》）、煨针。
时珍曰∶火针者，《素问》所谓燔针、淬针也，张仲景谓之烧针，川蜀人谓之煨针。其
法∶麻油满盏，以灯草二七茎点灯，将针频涂麻油，灯上烧令通赤用之。不赤或冷，则反损
人，且不能去病也。其针须用火箸铁造之为佳。点穴墨记要明白，差则无功。
【主治】风寒筋急挛引痹痛，或瘫痪不仁者，针下疾出，急按孔穴则疼止，不按则疼甚
。症块结积冷病者，针下慢出，仍转动，以发出污浊。痈疽发背有脓无头者，针令脓溃，勿
按孔穴。凡用火针，太深则伤经络，太浅则不能去病，要在消息得中。针后发热恶寒，此为
中病。凡面上及夏月湿热在两脚时，皆不可用此（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶《素问》云∶病在筋，调之筋，燔针劫刺其下，及筋急者。病在骨，
调之骨，淬针药熨之。又《灵枢经》叙十二经筋所发诸痹痛，皆云治在燔针劫刺，以知为度
，以痛为输。又云∶经筋之病，寒则反折筋急，热则纵弛不收，阴痿不用。淬刺者，淬寒急
也。纵缓不收者，无用燔针。观此，则燔针乃为筋寒而急者设，以热治寒，正治之法也。而
后世以针积块，亦假火气以散寒涸，而发出污浊也。或又以治痈疽者，则是以从治之法，溃
泄其毒瓦斯也。而昧者以治伤寒热病，则非矣。张仲景云∶太阳伤寒，加温针必发惊。营气
微者，加烧针则血流不行，更发热而烦躁。太阳病，下之，心下痞，表里俱虚，阴阳俱竭，
复加烧针，胸烦、面色青黄、肤润者，难治。此皆用针者不知往哲设针之理，而谬用以致害
人也。又凡肝虚目昏多泪，或风赤，及生翳膜顽浓，或病后生白膜失明，或五脏虚劳风热，
上冲于目生翳，并宜熨烙之法。盖气血得温则宣流，得寒则凝涩故也。其法用平头针如翳大
小，烧赤，轻轻当翳中烙之，烙后翳破，即用除翳药敷点。
（《本草纲目》）
【释名】燔针（出自《素问》）、淬针（出自《素问》）、烧针（出自《伤寒论》）、煨针。
李时珍说：火针，就是《素问》中所说的燔针、淬针，张仲景称之为烧针，川蜀地区的人称之为煨针。其操作方法：用一盏满的麻油，点燃七根灯草作为灯芯，将针频繁地涂抹麻油，在灯火上烧至通红后使用。如果烧得不红或冷却，反而会损伤人体，且不能去除疾病。这种针最好用火箸的铁来制作。点穴时的墨记要清晰明确，如果偏差则没有疗效。
【主治】风寒引起的筋脉拘急、牵引性痹痛，或者瘫痪麻木不仁者，针刺后迅速出针，立即按压孔穴疼痛即可停止，如果不按压则疼痛加剧。对于症块结积、冷病者，针刺后缓慢出针，并仍转动针体，以排出污浊之物。对于痈疽发背有脓但无头者，针刺令脓液溃破，不要按压孔穴。凡是使用火针，刺得太深会损伤经络，刺得太浅则不能去除疾病，关键在于掌握深浅适度。针刺后出现发热恶寒，这是中病（药效/针效到达病灶）的表现。凡是面部以及夏季湿热积聚在两脚时，都不可使用此法（李时珍）。
【发明】李时珍说：《素问》记载：病在筋，调理筋，用燔针劫刺其下方，以及筋脉拘急的地方。病在骨，调理骨，用淬针配合药物熨烫。另外《灵枢经》叙述十二经筋所引发的各种痹痛，都说治疗在于燔针劫刺，以感觉有效为限度，以痛点为腧穴。又说：经筋的疾病，受寒则反而导致筋脉拘挛反折，受热则松弛不收，阳痿不用。淬刺，是为了治疗寒邪导致的筋脉拘急。如果是松弛不收的情况，不要用燔针。由此看来，燔针是为筋脉受寒而拘急的情况设立的，以热治寒，是正治的方法。而后世用针治疗积块，也是借助火气来散除寒凝，从而排出污浊。或者又用它来治疗痈疽，这是采用从治的方法，溃泄毒瓦斯。而那些不明事理的人用它来治疗伤寒热病，就错了。张仲景说：太阳伤寒，加用温针必定引发惊悸。营气微弱的人，加用烧针则血液流动不畅，更加发热且烦躁。太阳病，经过攻下治疗后，心下痞塞，表里俱虚，阴阳俱竭，如果再加用烧针，会出现胸烦、面色青黄、皮肤润泽等症状，难以治疗。这些都是用针者不了解古代哲人设立针法的原理，而错误使用导致伤害人的案例。另外，凡是肝虚导致目昏多泪，或者风邪致赤，以及生成翳膜顽浓，或者病后生成白膜失明，或者五脏虚劳风热上冲于目生成翳障，都适宜使用熨烙之法。因为气血得到温暖则宣通流畅，得到寒冷则凝涩不通。其操作方法是：用平头针，大小如翳障，烧至通红，轻轻地在翳障中心烙之，烙后翳障破裂，立即使用除翳药物敷点。
(From *Bencao Gangmu* / Compendium of Materia Medica)
[Names] Fan Zhen (Burning Needle, from *Suwen*), Cui Zhen (Quenching Needle, from *Suwen*), Shao Zhen (Scorching Needle, from *Shanghan Lun*), Wei Zhen (Simmering Needle).
Li Shizhen stated: Huozhen (Fire Needle) refers to the Fan Zhen and Cui Zhen mentioned in *Suwen*. Zhang Zhongjing called it Shao Zhen, and people in the Sichuan-Shu region call it Wei Zhen. The method is as follows: Fill a lamp with sesame oil, light seven strands of rush wick, frequently coat the needle with sesame oil, and burn it over the lamp flame until it becomes red-hot before use. If it is not red-hot or has cooled down, it will harm the person and fail to cure the disease. The needle should preferably be made of iron used for fire tongs. The ink marks for acupoint location must be clear; if inaccurate, there will be no therapeutic effect.
[Indications] For wind-cold causing tendon spasm, traction-type Bi pain, or paralysis with numbness, withdraw the needle rapidly after insertion, and immediately press the puncture site to stop pain; otherwise, the pain will intensify. For masses, accumulations, and cold diseases, withdraw the needle slowly while rotating it to expel turbid matter. For carbuncles and back sores with pus but no head, puncture to allow pus drainage without pressing the puncture site. When using Huozhen, inserting too deeply damages the meridians, while inserting too shallowly fails to remove the disease; the key lies in achieving the proper depth. Fever and aversion to cold after needling indicate that the treatment has reached the target (Zhongbing). Huozhen should not be used on the face, nor during summer months when damp-heat accumulates in the feet (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen stated: *Suwen* records: "When the disease is in the tendons, regulate the tendons; use Fan Zhen to perform Jie Ci below the affected area and where tendons are spasmodic." "When the disease is in the bones, regulate the bones; use Cui Zhen combined with herbal hot compresses." Furthermore, *Lingshu Jing* describes various Bi pains arising from the twelve tendon systems, stating that treatment lies in Fan Zhen Jie Ci, taking efficacy as the limit, and treating the painful point as the Shu point. It also states: "Diseases of the tendon system, when exposed to cold, result in reverse bending and tendon spasm; when exposed to heat, they become flaccid and uncontrolled, leading to impotence and inability to function." Cui Ci is intended to treat cold-induced tendon spasm. For cases of flaccidity and lack of control, Fan Zhen should not be used. From this, it is evident that Fan Zhen is designed for conditions where tendons are cold and spasmodic, employing heat to treat cold, which is the orthodox method. Later generations used needles to treat accumulations, borrowing the fire's energy to disperse cold stagnation and expel turbid matter. Others used it to treat carbuncles, employing the contrarian method to drain toxic vapors. However, those who are ignorant using it to treat Shanghan febrile diseases are mistaken. Zhang Zhongjing said: "In Taiyang Shanghan, adding Warm Needling will surely cause palpitations/fright." "In individuals with deficient Ying Qi, adding Scorching Needling causes blood flow to stagnate, resulting in increased fever and irritability." "In Taiyang disease, after purgation, if there is epigastric fullness-stuffiness, with both exterior and interior deficiency, and exhaustion of Yin and Yang, adding Scorching Needling leads to chest vexation, bluish-yellow complexion, and moist skin, making it difficult to treat." These are all cases where practitioners, unaware of the principles behind the ancient sages' creation of needling, misuse it, causing harm. Additionally, for liver deficiency causing dim vision and excessive tearing, wind-induced redness, formation of dense pterygium-like membranes, blindness due to white membranes post-illness, or wind-heat from five-zang deficiency-labor rushing upward to the eyes causing opacities, Moxibustion/Locking methods are suitable. This is because Qi and Blood flow freely when warmed and stagnate when chilled. The method involves using a flat-headed needle, sized according to the opacity, heating it until red-hot, and gently cauterizing the center of the opacity. After cauterization ruptures the opacity, apply depurative eye medications immediately.