（《蜀本草》）
【释名】家狸。
时珍曰∶猫，苗、茅二音，其名自呼。陆佃云∶鼠害苗而猫捕之，故字从苗。《礼记》
所谓迎猫，为其食田鼠也，亦通。《格古论》云∶一名乌圆。或谓蒙贵即猫，非矣。
【集解】时珍曰∶猫，捕鼠小兽也，处处畜之。有黄、黑、白、驳数色，狸身而虎面，
柔毛而利齿。以尾长腰短，目如金银，及上 多棱者为良。或云∶其睛可定时∶子、午、卯、
酉如一线，寅、申、巳、亥如盈月，辰、戌、丑、未如枣核也。其鼻端常冷，惟夏至一日则
暖。性畏寒而不畏暑，能画地卜食，随月旬上下啮鼠首尾，皆与虎同，阴类之相符如此。其
孕也两月而生，一乳数子，恒有自食之者。俗传牝猫无牡，但以竹帚扫背数次则孕。或用斗
覆猫于灶前，以刷帚头击斗，祝灶神而求之亦孕。此与以鸡子祝灶而抱雏者相同，俱理之不
可推者也。猫有病，以乌药水灌之，甚良。世传薄荷醉猫，死猫引竹，物类相感然耳。
肉
【气味】甘、酸，温，无毒。
【主治】劳疰、鼠 、蛊毒。
【发明】时珍曰∶本草以猫、狸为一类注解。然狸肉入食，猫肉不佳，亦不入食品，故
用之者稀。胡KT 《易简方》云∶凡预防蛊毒，自少食猫肉，则蛊不能害。此亦《隋书》
所谓猫鬼野道之蛊乎？《肘后》治 核肿，或已溃出脓血者，取猫肉如常作羹，空心食之，
云不传之法也。昔人皆以 子为鼠涎毒所致。此乃《淮南子》所谓狸头治鼠及鼠啮人疮。又
云狐目狸脑，鼠去其穴。皆取其相制之义耳。
头骨
【气味】甘，温，无毒。
【主治】鬼疰蛊毒，心腹痛，杀虫治疳，及痘疮变黑，瘰 、 、恶疮（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶古方多用狸，今人多用猫，虽是二种，性气相同，故可通用。孙氏治
痘疮倒 ，用人、猫、猪、犬四头骨，方见人类。
【附方】新九。
心下鳖瘕∶用黑猫头一枚烧灰，酒服方寸匕，日三。（《寿域》）
痰 发喘∶猫头骨烧灰，酒服三钱，便止。（《医学正传》）猫鬼野道病，歌哭不自由∶
腊月死猫头烧灰，水服一钱匕，日二。（《千金方》）
多年瘰 不愈∶用猫头、蝙蝠各一个，俱撒上黑豆，同烧存性，为末掺之。干则油调。
内服五香连翘汤，取效。（《集要》）
走马牙疳∶黑猫头烧灰，酒服方寸匕。（《寿域方》）
小儿阴疮∶猫头骨烧灰，敷之即愈。
鼠咬疮痛∶猫头烧灰，油调敷之，以瘥为度。（赵氏方）
收敛痈疽∶猫头一个 研，鸡子十个煮熟去白，以黄煎出油，入白蜡少许，调灰敷之
，外以膏护住，神妙。（《医方摘要》）
对口毒疮 猫头骨烧存性，研。每服三五钱，酒服。（吴球《便民食疗方》）
脑（纸上阴干）
【主治】瘰 鼠 溃烂，同莽草等分为末，纳孔中（时珍。出《千金》）。
眼睛
【主治】瘰 鼠 ，烧灰，井华水服方寸匕，日三（出《千金》）。
牙
【主治】小儿痘疮倒 欲死，同人牙、猪牙、犬牙烧炭，等分研末，蜜水服一字，即便
发起（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶痘疮归肾则变黑。凡牙皆肾之标，能入肾发毒也。内有猫牙，又能解
毒，而热证亦可用云。
舌
【主治】瘰 鼠 ，生晒研敷（《千金》）。
涎
【主治】瘰 ，刺破涂之（时珍）。
肝
【主治】劳瘵杀虫，取黑猫肝一具，生晒研末，每朔、望五更酒调服之（时珍。出《直
指》）。
胞衣
【主治】反胃吐食，烧灰，入朱砂末少许，压舌下，甚效（
皮毛
【主治】瘰 诸 ，痈疽溃烂（时珍）。
【附方】新六。
乳痈溃烂见内者∶猫儿腹下毛，坩锅内 存性，入轻粉少许，油调封之。（《济生秘览》）
瘰 鼠 ∶以石菖蒲生研 之，微破，以猫儿皮连毛烧灰，用香油调敷。内服白蔹末，
酒下，多多为上。仍以生白蔹捣烂，入酒少许，敷之，效。（《证治要诀》）
鬓边生疖∶猫颈上毛、猪颈上毛各一把，鼠屎一粒，烧研，油调敷之。（《寿域》）
鬼舐头疮∶猫儿毛烧灰，膏和敷之。（《千金》）
鼻擦破伤∶猫儿头上毛剪碎，唾粘敷之。（《卫生易简》）
鼠咬成疮∶猫毛烧灰，入麝香少许，唾和封之。猫须亦可。（《救急易方》）
尿
以姜或蒜擦牙、鼻，或生葱 鼻中，即遗出。
【主治】蜒蚰诸虫入耳，滴入即出（时珍。出《儒门事亲》）。
屎
【修治】腊月采干者，泥固，烧存性，收用。
【主治】痘疮倒陷不发，瘰 溃烂，恶疮蛊疰，蝎螫鼠咬（时珍。痘 有无价散，见人
类）。烧灰水服，治寒热鬼疟，发无期度者，极验（《唐本注》）。
【附方】旧一，新七。
小儿疟疾∶乌猫屎一钱，桃仁七枚，同煎，服一盏立瘥（《温居士方》）
腰脚锥痛支腿者∶猫儿屎烧灰，唾津调，涂之。（《永类钤方》）
蛊疰腹痛∶雄猫屎烧灰，水服。（《外台》）
瘰 溃烂∶腊月猫屎，以阴阳瓦合，盐泥固济， 过研末，油调搽之。（《儒门事亲》）
鬼舐头秃∶猫儿屎烧灰，腊猪脂和，敷之。（《千金》）
鼠咬成疮∶猫屎揉之，即愈。（《寿域方》）
蝎螫作痛∶猫儿屎涂之，三五次即瘥。（《心镜》）
哮痰咳∶猫粪烧灰，砂糖汤服一钱。（叶氏《摘玄
（引自《蜀本草》）
【释名】家狸。
李时珍说：猫，读音同“苗”、“茅”，这个名字是它自己发出的声音。陆佃说：老鼠危害庄稼幼苗，而猫捕捉老鼠，所以字形从“苗”。《礼记》中所谓迎接猫，是因为它吃田里的老鼠，这也讲得通。《格古论》说：猫又名乌圆。有人说蒙贵就是猫，这是不对的。
【集解】李时珍说：猫，是捕捉老鼠的小型兽类，各地都饲养。有黄、黑、白、杂色等多种颜色，身体像狸，面部像虎，毛发柔软而牙齿锋利。以尾巴长腰短、眼睛像金银色，以及头顶有多棱纹的为优良品种。有人说：猫的眼睛可以定时：子、午、卯、酉时瞳孔如一条线，寅、申、巳、亥时瞳孔如满月，辰、戌、丑、未时瞳孔如枣核。猫的鼻端通常寒冷，只有夏至这一天变暖。猫性畏寒不畏暑，能用爪子在地上画地占卜食物，随着月亮盈亏上下变化啃咬老鼠的头尾，这些都与老虎相同，属于阴类生物相符如此。猫怀孕两个月生产，一胎生多只，常有自食其子的现象。俗传母猫没有公猫交配，只用竹扫帚在背上扫几次就能怀孕。或者用斗笠扣住猫放在灶前，用刷帚头敲击斗笠，向灶神祈祷求孕，也能怀孕。这与用鸡蛋向灶神祈祷孵化小鸡的道理相同，都是无法用常理推断的。猫生病时，用乌药水灌服，效果很好。世间传说薄荷能让猫醉倒，死猫能吸引竹子生长，这只是物类之间的相互感应罢了。
肉
【气味】甘、酸，温，无毒。
【主治】劳疰（慢性消耗性疾病）、鼠瘘（淋巴结核）、蛊毒。
【发明】李时珍说：本草书中将猫和狸归为一类注解。然而狸肉可食用，猫肉味道不佳，也不作为食品，所以使用的人很少。胡洽的《易简方》说：凡是预防蛊毒，从小吃猫肉，蛊毒就不能伤害人。这也就是《隋书》所说的猫鬼野道之蛊吗？《肘后备急方》治疗瘰疬肿结，或者已经溃破流脓血的，取猫肉像平常做羹汤一样煮食，空腹服用，说是不会传染的方法。古人都认为瘰疬是由鼠涎毒引起的。这其实是《淮南子》所说的狸头治老鼠及老鼠咬人的疮。又说狐眼、狸脑，老鼠会离开洞穴。这都是取其相克制的意义罢了。
头骨
【气味】甘，温，无毒。
【主治】鬼疰蛊毒，心腹痛，杀虫治疳积，以及痘疮变黑，瘰疬，恶疮（李时珍）。
【发明】李时珍说：古方多用狸，今人多用猫，虽然这两种动物不同，但性味气机相同，所以可以通用。孙思邈治疗痘疮倒陷，用人、猫、猪、犬四种动物的头骨，方剂见人类条目下。
【附方】新方九首。
心下鳖瘕（腹内结块）：用黑猫头一个烧成灰，酒送服一方寸匕，每日三次。（《寿域神方》）
痰饮发作气喘：猫头骨烧成灰，酒送服三钱，气喘即止。（《医学正传》）
猫鬼野道病，哭笑不受控制：腊月死的猫头烧成灰，水送服一钱匕，每日两次。（《千金方》）
多年瘰疬不愈：用猫头、蝙蝠各一个，都撒上黑豆，一起烧至存性，研成末掺敷患处。干燥时用油调和。内服五香连翘汤，可获效。（《集验方》）
走马牙疳（急性坏死性牙龈炎）：黑猫头烧成灰，酒送服一方寸匕。（《寿域方》）
小儿阴疮：猫头骨烧成灰，敷贴患处即愈。
鼠咬疮痛：猫头烧成灰，用油调敷，以痊愈为度。（赵氏方）
收敛痈疽：猫头一个捣碎，十个鸡蛋煮熟去蛋白，将蛋黄煎出油，加入少许白蜡，调和药灰敷贴，外用膏药护住，神妙。（《医方摘要》）
对口毒疮：猫头骨烧至存性，研细。每次服三五钱，酒送服。（吴球《便民食疗方》）
脑（在纸上阴干）
【主治】瘰疬、鼠瘘溃烂，与莽草等分为末，纳入孔中（李时珍。出自《千金方》）。
眼睛
【主治】瘰疬、鼠瘘，烧成灰，井华水（清晨第一次打的井水）送服一方寸匕，每日三次（出自《千金方》）。
牙齿
【主治】小儿痘疮倒陷欲死，与人牙、猪牙、犬牙一起烧成炭，等分研成末，蜜水送服一字量，即可使痘疮发起（李时珍）。
【发明】李时珍说：痘疮归入肾经则变黑。凡牙齿都是肾的外候，能入肾发散毒邪。方中含有猫牙，又能解毒，热证也可以使用。
肝脏
【主治】劳瘵杀虫，取黑猫肝一副，生晒研成末，每月初一、十五五更时分用酒调服（李时珍。出自《直指方》）。
胞衣
【主治】反胃吐食，烧成灰，加入少许朱砂末，压在舌下，效果很好。
【附方】新方六首。
乳痈溃烂见内者：猫儿腹下的毛，在坩埚内烧至存性，加入少许轻粉，用油调封患处。（《济生秘览》）
瘰疬鼠瘘：将石菖蒲生研敷贴，微破处，用猫皮连毛烧成灰，用香油调敷。内服白蔹末，酒送下，多多益善。仍以生白蔹捣烂，加入少许酒，敷贴患处，有效。（《证治要诀》）
鬓边生疖：猫颈上的毛、猪颈上的毛各一把，鼠屎一粒，烧研，用油调敷。（《寿域神方》）
鬼舐头疮：猫儿毛烧成灰，用膏药调和敷贴。（《千金方》）
鼻擦破伤：猫儿头上的毛剪碎，用唾液粘敷。（《卫生易简方》）
鼠咬成疮：猫毛烧成灰，加入少许麝香，用唾液调和封贴。猫须也可以。（《救急易方》）
尿
用姜或蒜擦拭牙齿、鼻子，或用生葱塞入鼻孔，猫即排尿。
【主治】蜒蚰等虫进入耳朵，滴入尿液虫即出来（李时珍。出自《儒门事亲》）。
屎
【修治】腊月采集干燥者，用泥密封，烧至存性，收藏备用。
【主治】痘疮倒陷不发，瘰疬溃烂，恶疮蛊疰，蝎螫鼠咬（李时珍。痘疮有无价散，见人类条目）。烧成灰用水送服，治疗寒热鬼疟，发作无定时的，极有效验（《唐本草注》）。
【附方】旧方一首，新方七首。
小儿疟疾：乌猫屎一钱，桃仁七枚，同煎，服一盏立即痊愈（《温居士方》）
腰脚锥痛支腿者：猫儿屎烧成灰，唾液调和，涂敷患处。（《永类钤方》）
蛊疰腹痛：雄猫屎烧成灰，水送服。（《外台秘要》）
瘰疬溃烂：腊月猫屎，用阴阳瓦合拢，盐泥密封，煅过研成末，用油调搽。（《儒门事亲》）
鬼舐头秃：猫儿屎烧成灰，腊猪脂调和，敷贴。（《千金方》）
鼠咬成疮：揉搓猫屎，即愈。（《寿域方》）
蝎螫作痛：猫儿屎涂敷，三五次即痊愈。（《心镜》）
哮痰咳：猫粪烧成灰，砂糖汤送服一钱。（叶氏《摘玄方》）
(Quoted from *Shu Bencao*)
[Names] Jiali (Domestic Cat).
Li Shizhen stated: The pronunciation of "Mao" (Cat) is similar to "Miao" and "Mao"; the name is derived from its own vocalization. Lu Dian said: Rats damage crop seedlings, while cats catch rats; hence the character includes the radical for "seedling" (Miao). The *Book of Rites* mentions welcoming cats because they eat field mice, which is also plausible. *Ge Gu Lun* states that another name for cat is Wuyuan (Black Circle). Some claim that Menggui is a cat, which is incorrect.
[Collection and Explanation] Li Shizhen stated: Cats are small beasts that catch mice and are raised everywhere. They come in various colors such as yellow, black, white, and spotted. They have bodies resembling martens and faces resembling tigers, with soft fur and sharp teeth. Those with long tails, short waists, eyes like gold and silver, and multiple ridges on the head are considered superior. It is said that the pupils of their eyes can indicate time: at Zi, Wu, Mao, and You hours, the pupils are like a thin line; at Yin, Shen, Si, and Hai hours, they are like a full moon; at Chen, Xu, Chou, and Wei hours, they are like jujube pits. The tip of a cat's nose is usually cold, becoming warm only on the day of Summer Solstice. Cats fear cold but not heat. They can scratch the ground to predict food locations and gnaw on the heads or tails of mice depending on the lunar cycle, all of which align with the characteristics of tigers, fitting the yin category. Pregnancy lasts two months, resulting in multiple kittens per litter, often including instances of cannibalism. Folklore claims that female cats can become pregnant without males by being swept with a bamboo broom several times on their backs. Alternatively, placing a cat under a basin near the stove and striking the basin with a broom while praying to the Stove God can induce pregnancy. This is similar to hatching chicks by praying over eggs at the stove; both defy conventional logic. When sick, cats can be treated effectively by administering Wushui (a specific medicinal liquid). It is rumored that mint intoxicates cats and dead cats attract bamboo growth, which are merely examples of mutual attraction between species.
Meat
[Flavor and Toxicity] Sweet, sour, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Laozhu (chronic consumptive disease), Shulou (scrofula/lymphatic tuberculosis), Guduo (gu poison).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen stated: Materia Medica texts annotate cats and martens together. However, marten meat is edible, whereas cat meat is inferior and not used as food, so it is rarely utilized. Hu Qian's *Yijian Fang* states: To prevent gu poison, consuming cat meat from childhood prevents harm from gu. Is this the "cat ghost wild path gu" mentioned in the *Book of Sui*? *Zhouhou Beiji Fang* treats scrofula swelling, whether ulcerated with pus and blood, by cooking cat meat into soup and eating it on an empty stomach, claiming it prevents transmission. Ancients believed scrofula was caused by rat saliva toxin. This actually refers to the saying in *Huainanzi*: marten heads treat rats and rat bites on human wounds. It also says fox eyes and marten brains cause rats to leave their holes. All these utilize the principle of mutual control.
Skull Bone
[Flavor and Toxicity] Sweet, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Gui zhu gu du (ghost consumption and gu poison), heart and abdominal pain, killing parasites, treating ganji (pediatric malnutrition syndrome), and darkening of smallpox lesions, scrofula, and malignant ulcers (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen stated: Ancient formulas often used martens, while modern people often use cats. Although they are different species, their properties and qi are similar, allowing for interchangeability. Sun Simiao treated inverted smallpox using skull bones from humans, cats, pigs, and dogs; the formula is found under the Human section.
[Attached Formulas] Nine new formulas.
Abdominal mass resembling a turtle (Bie Xia): Burn one black cat head to ash, take with wine, one cun bi (measure) three times daily. (*Shouyu Shenfang*)
Phlegm-fluid retention causing asthma: Burn cat skull bone to ash, take 3 qian with wine to stop asthma immediately. (*Yixue Zhengchuan*)
Cat ghost wild path disease, uncontrollable weeping and laughing: Burn a dead cat head collected in the twelfth lunar month to ash, take 1 qian bi with water twice daily. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Chronic scrofula unhealed: Use one cat head and one bat, sprinkle black soybeans on both, burn until carbonized (preserving nature), grind into powder and apply externally. If dry, mix with oil. Internally administer Wuxiang Lianqiao Tang for efficacy. (*Jiyi Fang*)
Zouma Yagan (noma gangrenous stomatitis): Burn black cat head to ash, take with wine, one cun bi. (*Shouyu Fang*)
Pediatric genital ulcer: Apply burned cat skull bone ash to the lesion for immediate healing.
Rat bite wound pain: Burn cat head to ash, mix with oil and apply until healed. (Zhao's Formula)
Astringent treatment for carbuncles and sores: Crush one cat head, boil ten chicken eggs, remove whites, render yolks into oil, add a little beeswax, mix with ash and apply externally, covering with plaster. Miraculous. (*Yifang Jiangyao*)
Opposite-toxin sore (carbuncle on back of neck): Burn cat skull bone until carbonized, grind fine. Take 3-5 qian with wine. (Wu Qiu, *Bianmin Shiliao Fang*)
Brain (dried in shade on paper)
[Indications] Scrofula and rat sores that have ulcerated. Mix with equal parts of Mangcao (Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii) into powder and insert into the orifice (Li Shizhen, from *Qianjin Fang*).
Eyes
[Indications] Scrofula and rat sores. Burn to ash, take one cun bi with well water drawn at dawn (Jinghua Shui) three times daily (from *Qianjin Fang*).
Teeth
[Indications] Pediatric smallpox inverted and dying. Burn human teeth, pig teeth, dog teeth, and cat teeth together into charcoal. Grind into powder, take one zi measure with honey water to promote eruption immediately (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen stated: When smallpox toxins enter the Kidney channel, they turn black. Teeth are the external manifestation of the Kidneys and can enter the Kidneys to expel toxins. Cat teeth within the formula can detoxify and are usable even in heat syndromes.
Tongue
[Indications] Scrofula and rat sores. Sun-dry, grind into powder, and apply externally (*Qianjin Fang*).
Saliva
[Indications] Scrofula. Pierce the lesion and apply (Li Shizhen).
Liver
[Indications] Treats parasitic infections in lao zhai (consumptive disease). Take one fresh black cat liver, sun-dry, grind into powder. Take with wine at the fifth watch (3-5 AM) on the first and fifteenth days of the lunar month (Li Shizhen, from *Zhizhi Fang*).
Placenta
[Indications] Regurgitation and vomiting. Burn to ash, mix with a little Cinnabar powder, place under the tongue. Very effective.
Skin and Fur
[Indications] Scrofula, various sores, carbuncles, and ulcers (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Formulas] Six new formulas.
Lactational mastitis with internal ulceration: Collect fur from under a kitten's belly, burn in a crucible until carbonized, add a little Calomel, mix with oil and apply. (*Jisheng Milan*)
Scrofula and rat sores: Grind fresh Shi Changpu (Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii) and apply to slightly broken skin. Burn cat skin with fur to ash, mix with sesame oil for external application. Internally take Bai Lian (Radix Angelikae Dahuricae) powder with wine, more is better. Also mash fresh Bai Lian with a little wine and apply externally. Effective. (*Zhengzhi Yaojue*)
Boils on temples: One handful of cat neck fur, one handful of pig neck fur, one mouse feces pellet. Burn, grind, mix with oil and apply. (*Shouyu Shenfang*)
Ghost-licking head sore: Burn kitten fur to ash, mix with ointment and apply. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Nasal abrasion injury: Chop kitten head fur finely, mix with saliva and apply. (*Weisheng Yijian Fang*)
Rat bite wound: Burn cat fur to ash, add a little Musk, mix with saliva and seal the wound. Cat whiskers can also be used. (*Jiuji Yi Fang*)
Urine
Rub teeth and nose with ginger or garlic, or insert raw green onion into the nostrils to induce urination.
[Indications] Insects like slugs entering the ear. Drip urine into the ear to expel them (Li Shizhen, from *Rumen Shiqin*).
Feces
[Preparation] Collect in the twelfth lunar month when dry. Seal with mud, burn until carbonized, and store for use.
[Indications] Smallpox inverted and failing to erupt, scrofula ulcers, malignant sores, gu consumption, scorpion stings, and rat bites (Li Shizhen. See "Wujia San" for smallpox under Human section). Burn to ash, take with water. Extremely effective for treating cold-heat ghost malaria with irregular onset (*Tang Ben Cao Zhu*).
[Attached Formulas] One old formula, seven new formulas.
Pediatric malaria: 1 qian black cat feces, 7 peach kernels. Decoct together, drink one cup for immediate cure. (*Wen Jushi Fang*)
Piercing pain in waist and legs causing leg stiffness: Burn cat feces to ash, mix with saliva and apply. (*Yonglei Qianfang*)
Gu consumption abdominal pain: Burn male cat feces to ash, take with water. (*Waitai Mi Yao*)
Scrofula ulcers: Cat feces from the twelfth lunar month. Combine in yin-yang tiles, seal with salt mud, calcine, grind into powder, mix with oil and apply. (*Rumen Shiqin*)
Ghost-licking alopecia: Burn cat feces to ash, mix with lard from the twelfth lunar month, and apply. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Rat bite wound: Rub with cat feces for immediate healing. (*Shouyu Fang*)
Scorpion sting pain: Apply cat feces. Cure in 3-5 applications. (*Xin Jing*)
Asthmatic phlegm cough: Burn cat feces to ash, take 1 qian with brown sugar water. (Ye's *Zhaixuan Fang*)