（宋《图经》）
【校正】原附蛤蟆下，今分出。
【释名】 （音论）。
【集解】
颂曰∶按∶《洽闻记》云∶蛤蟆大者名田父，能食蛇。蛇行被逐，殆不能去。因衔其尾，
久
也。
时珍曰∶按《文本集略》云∶ ，蛤蟆也
而有食蛇之鼠；蛇制豹，而有啖蛇之貘。则田父伏蛇，亦此类耳，非怪也。
【主治】蚕咬，取脊背上白汁，和蚁子灰，涂之（苏颂。出韦宙《
（《本经》下品）
【释名】蒺藜（《尔雅》）、 蛆
弘景曰∶《庄子》∶ 蛆甘带。《淮南子》云∶ 蛇游雾而殆于
能制蛇。见大蛇，便缘上啖其脑。
恭曰∶山东人呼蜘蛛一名 蛆，亦能制蛇，而蜘蛛条无制蛇
谓蜈蚣也。
颂曰∶按∶《尔雅》∶蒺藜， 蛆也。郭注云∶似蝗
时珍曰∶按∶张揖《广雅》及《淮南子注》，皆谓 蛆为
为蟋蟀，能制蛇。又以
【集解】《别录》曰∶蜈蚣生大吴川谷及江南。头、足赤者良。
弘景曰∶今赤足者，多出京口、长山、高丽山、茅山，于腐烂积草处得之，勿令伤，曝
干
《蜀图》曰∶生山南川谷，及出安、襄、邓、随、唐等州土石间，人家屋壁中亦有。形似马
陆，身扁而长。黑头赤足者良。七八月采之。
宗 曰∶蜈蚣背光，黑绿色，足赤腹黄。有被毒者，以乌鸡屎，或大蒜涂之，效。性畏
蛞蝓，不敢过所行之路，触其身即死，故蛞蝓能治蜈蚣毒。
时珍曰∶蜈蚣西南处处有之。春出冬蛰，节节有足，双须歧尾。性畏蜘蛛，以溺射之，
即断烂也。南方有极大者，而本草失载。按∶段成式《酉阳杂俎》云∶绥定县蜈蚣，大者能
以气
者长丈余
南方蜈蚣大者长
岐亭有拘罗山，出大
谈》云∶峤南蜈蚣大者
而食之。故被蜈蚣伤者，捣虫涂之，痛立止也。珍按∶托胎虫即蛞蝓也。蜈蚣能制龙、蛇、
蜴蜥，而畏蛤蟆、蛞
也”。
【修治】 曰∶凡使勿用千足虫，真相似，只是头上有白肉，面并嘴
着，腥臭气入顶，能致死也。凡治蜈蚣，先以蜈蚣木末（或柳蛀末）于土器中炒。令木末焦
黑，去木末，
时珍曰∶蜈蚣木不知是何木也。今人惟以火炙去头、足用，或去尾、足，以薄荷叶火煨
用之。
【气味】辛，温，有毒。
时珍曰∶畏蛞蝓、蜘蛛、鸡屎、桑皮、白盐。
【主治】鬼疰蛊毒，啖诸蛇、虫、鱼毒，杀鬼物老精温疟，去三虫（《本经》）。疗心腹
寒热积聚，堕胎，去恶血（《别录》）。
治症癖（《日华》）。小儿惊痫风搐，脐风口噤，丹毒秃疮瘰
蛇伤（时珍）。
【发明】
颂曰∶《本经》云“疗鬼疰”，故《胡洽方》治尸疰、恶气、痰嗽诸方多用之。今医家治
小儿口噤不开、不能乳者，以赤足蜈蚣，去足，炙研，用猪乳二合调半钱，分三、四服，温
灌之，有
时珍曰∶盖行而疾者，惟风与蛇。蜈蚣能制蛇，故亦能截风，盖厥阴经药也。故所主诸
证，多属厥阴。按∶杨士瀛《直指方》云∶蜈蚣有毒，惟风气暴烈者可以当之。风气暴烈，
非蜈
名蛇瘴，
惟赤足蜈蚣最能伏蛇为上药，白芷次之。又《圣济总录》云∶岭南朴蛇瘴，一名锁喉瘴。项
大肿痛连
伤诸病，皆
一法，则蜈蚣
【附方】旧四，新十六。
小儿撮口∶但看舌上及上下
即愈。如无生者
小儿急惊∶万金散∶蜈蚣一条（全者，去足，炙为
汁和，丸绿豆大。每岁一丸，乳汁下。（《圣惠》）
天吊惊风∶目久不下，眼见白睛，及角弓反张，声不出者，双金散主之。用大蜈蚣一条
去头足，酥炙，用竹刀批开，记定左右。又以麝香一钱，亦分左右各记明，研末包定。每用
左边者吹左鼻，右边者吹右鼻，各少许，不可过多。若眼未下，再吹些须，眼下乃止。（《直
指》）
破伤中风欲死∶《圣惠》∶用蜈蚣，研末，擦牙，追去涎沫，立瘥。
蚣头、乌头尖、附子底、蝎梢等分为末。每用一字或半字，热酒灌
口眼 斜，口内麻木者∶用蜈蚣三条（一蜜炙
个（切作四片，一蜜炙，一酒浸，一纸裹煨，一
少许。每服一钱，热调下，日一服。（《通变要法
腹内蛇症∶误食菜中蛇精，成蛇瘕，或食蛇肉成瘕，腹内常饥，食物即吐。
以赤足蜈蚣一条炙，研末，酒服。（《卫生易简方》）
蝮蛇螫伤∶蜈蚣，研末，敷之。抱朴子。
射工毒疮∶大蜈蚣一枚，炙研，和酢敷之。（《千金方》）。
天蛇头疮∶生手指头上。用蜈蚣一条，烧烟熏一、二次即愈。或为末，猪
（《奇效》）
丹毒瘤肿∶用蜈蚣一条干者，白矾一皂子大，雷丸一个，百部二钱，研末，醋调敷之。
（《本草衍义》）
瘰 溃疮∶荼、蜈蚣二味，炙至香熟，等分捣筛为末。先以甘草汤洗净，敷之。（《枕
中方》）
耳出脓∶蜈蚣末，吹之。（鲍氏）
小儿秃疮∶大蜈蚣一条，盐一分，入油内浸七日。取油搽之，极效。（《海上方》）
便毒初起∶黄脚蜈蚣一条，瓦焙存性，为末。酒调服，取汗即散。（《济生秘览》）
痔疮疼痛∶《直指》∶用赤足蜈蚣，焙为末，入片脑少许，唾调敷之。孙氏《集效》∶用
蜈蚣三、四条，香油煮一、二
点上油，即时痛止，大效。
腹大如箕∶用蜈蚣三、五条，酒炙研末。每服一钱，以鸡子二个，打开入末在内，
纸糊，沸汤煮熟食之。日一服，连进三服，瘳。（《活人心统》）
脚肚转筋∶蜈蚣，烧，猪脂和敷。（《肘后》）
女人趾疮∶甲内恶肉突出不愈。蜈蚣一条，焙研敷之。外以南星末，醋和敷四围。（《医
方摘要》）
【校正】原附在蛤蟆条目之下，现将其分出单独成条。
【释名】（音同“论”）。
【集解】
苏颂说：据《洽闻记》记载：大蛤蟆名叫田父，能吃蛇。蛇被追逐逃跑时，几乎无法逃脱。于是蛇衔住它的尾巴，久而久之便如此了。
李时珍说：据《文本集略》记载：有吃蛇的鼠；蛇能制服豹，而有吃蛇的貘。那么田父伏击蛇，也是这一类情况，并不奇怪。
【主治】蚕咬伤，取脊背上的白色汁液，混合蚂蚁灰，涂抹患处（苏颂。出自韦宙《...》）
（《神农本草经》下品）
【释名】蒺藜（出自《尔雅》）、[缺字]蛆
陶弘景说：《庄子》中说：“[缺字]蛆甘带。”《淮南子》说：[缺字]蛇游于雾中却危险于[缺字]。[缺字]能制服蛇。见到大蛇，就攀附上去吃掉它的脑髓。
孟恭说：山东人称呼蜘蛛为一名[缺字]蛆，也能制服蛇，但蜘蛛条目中没有提到制蛇的说法，这里是指蜈蚣。
苏颂说：据《尔雅》记载：蒺藜，就是[缺字]蛆。郭璞注解说：像蝗虫...
李时珍说：据张揖《广雅》及《淮南子注》，都称[缺字]蛆为蟋蟀，能制服蛇。又认为...
【集解】《名医别录》说：蜈蚣生长在大吴川谷及江南地区。头、足呈红色的品质好。
陶弘景说：现在赤足的蜈蚣，多出产于京口、长山、高丽山、茅山等地，在腐烂堆积的草处获得，不要弄伤它，晒干。
《蜀图》说：生长在南山川谷，以及安、襄、邓、随、唐等州的山石泥土间，人家墙壁中也有。形状像马陆，身体扁平而长。黑头赤足的品质好。七八月采集。
寇宗奭说：蜈蚣背部背光，呈黑绿色，足赤腹黄。有人被毒害，用乌鸡屎，或大蒜涂抹，有效。蜈蚣性畏蛞蝓（鼻涕虫），不敢经过蛞蝓走过的路，触碰到蛞蝓的身体就会死亡，所以蛞蝓能治蜈蚣毒。
李时珍说：蜈蚣西南各地都有。春天出现冬天蛰伏，节节有足，双须歧尾。性畏蜘蛛，用尿液射它，就会腐烂。南方有极大的种类，但本草书中失载。据段成式《酉阳杂俎》记载：绥定县的蜈蚣，大的能用气...长的有一丈多...南方蜈蚣大的长...岐亭有拘罗山，出产大...《谈》记载：峤南蜈蚣大的...然后吃掉它。所以被蜈蚣咬伤的，捣碎虫子涂抹，疼痛立即停止。我按语：托胎虫就是蛞蝓。蜈蚣能制服龙、蛇、蜥蜴，而畏惧蛤蟆、蛞蝓...”。
【修治】[缺字]说：凡使用不要用千足虫，真相似，只是头上有白肉，面并嘴...着，腥臭气入顶，能致死也。凡是治疗蜈蚣，先用蜈蚣木末（或用柳蛀末）在土器中炒。令木末焦黑，去掉木末，...
李时珍说：蜈蚣木不知道是什么木头。现在的人只用火炙去头、足使用，或者去尾、足，用薄荷叶火煨使用。
【气味】辛，温，有毒。
李时珍说：畏惧蛞蝓、蜘蛛、鸡屎、桑皮、白盐。
【主治】鬼疰蛊毒，吃各种蛇、虫、鱼毒，杀鬼物老精温疟，去三虫（《神农本草经》）。治疗心腹寒热积聚，堕胎，去恶血（《名医别录》）。
治疗症癖（《日华子本草》）。小儿惊痫风搐，脐风口噤，丹毒秃疮瘰疬，蛇伤（李时珍）。
【发明】
苏颂说：《神农本草经》说“治疗鬼疰”，所以《胡洽方》治疗尸疰、恶气、痰嗽各方多用之。现在医家治疗小儿口噤不开、不能喝奶的，用赤足蜈蚣，去足，炙研，用猪乳二合调半钱，分三、四服，温灌之，有...
李时珍说：大概行走迅速的，只有风和蛇。蜈蚣能制服蛇，所以也能截断风邪，大概是厥阴经的药物。所以所主治的各种证候，多属于厥阴。据杨士瀛《直指方》说：蜈蚣有毒，只有风气暴烈者可以抵挡它。风气暴烈，非蜈蚣...
名为蛇瘴，只有赤足蜈蚣最能伏蛇为上药，白芷次之。又《圣济总录》说：岭南朴蛇瘴，一名锁喉瘴。项大肿痛连...伤诸病，皆...一法，则蜈蚣...
【附方】旧方四个，新方十六个。
小儿撮口：只要看舌上及上下...即愈。如果没有生的...
小儿急惊：万金散：蜈蚣一条（完整的，去足，炙为...汁和，丸绿豆大。每岁一丸，乳汁下。（《太平圣惠方》）
天吊惊风：目久不下，眼见白睛，及角弓反张，声不出者，双金散主之。用大蜈蚣一条去头足，酥炙，用竹刀批开，记定左右。又以麝香一钱，亦分左右各记明，研末包定。每用左边者吹左鼻，右边者吹右鼻，各少许，不可过多。若眼未下，再吹些须，眼下乃止。（《直指方》）
破伤中风欲死：《太平圣惠方》：用蜈蚣，研末，擦牙，追去涎沫，立瘥。
蜈蚣头、乌头尖、附子底、蝎梢等分为末。每用一字或半字，热酒灌...
口眼歪斜，口内麻木者：用蜈蚣三条（一蜜炙...个（切作四片，一蜜炙，一酒浸，一纸裹煨，一...少许。每服一钱，热调下，日一服。（《通变要法》）
腹内蛇症：误食菜中蛇精，成蛇瘕，或食蛇肉成瘕，腹内常饥，食物即吐。
用赤足蜈蚣一条炙，研末，酒服。（《卫生易简方》）
蝮蛇螫伤：蜈蚣，研末，敷之。抱朴子。
射工毒疮：大蜈蚣一枚，炙研，和酢敷之。（《千金方》）。
天蛇头疮：生手指头上。用蜈蚣一条，烧烟熏一、二次即愈。或为末，猪...（《奇效良方》）
丹毒瘤肿：用蜈蚣一条干者，白矾一皂子大，雷丸一个，百部二钱，研末，醋调敷之。（《本草衍义》）
瘰疬溃疮：荼、蜈蚣二味，炙至香熟，等分捣筛为末。先以甘草汤洗净，敷之。（《枕中方》）
耳出脓：蜈蚣末，吹之。（鲍氏）
小儿秃疮：大蜈蚣一条，盐一分，入油内浸七日。取油搽之，极效。（《海上方》）
便毒初起：黄脚蜈蚣一条，瓦焙存性，为末。酒调服，取汗即散。（《济生秘览》）
痔疮疼痛：《直指方》：用赤足蜈蚣，焙为末，入片脑少许，唾调敷之。孙氏《集效方》：用蜈蚣三、四条，香油煮一、二...点上油，即时痛止，大效。
腹大如箕：用蜈蚣三、五条，酒炙研末。每服一钱，以鸡子二个，打开入末在内，纸糊，沸汤煮熟食之。日一服，连进三服，瘳。（《活人心统》）
脚肚转筋：蜈蚣，烧，猪脂和敷。（《肘后备急方》）
女人趾疮：甲内恶肉突出不愈。蜈蚣一条，焙研敷之。外以南星末，醋和敷四围。（《医方摘要》）
[Correction] Originally attached under the entry for Toad, now separated into its own entry.
[Names] (Pronounced "lun").
[Collected Explanations]
Su Song said: According to *Qia Wen Ji*: The large toad is named Tianfu (Field Father), capable of eating snakes. When a snake is chased and flees, it can hardly escape. Thus, the snake holds onto its tail, and this persists over time.
Li Shizhen said: According to *Wen Ben Ji Lue*: There are mice that eat snakes; snakes subdue leopards, yet there are tapirs that eat snakes. Therefore, Tianfu lying in wait for snakes is of the same category, not strange.
[Therapeutic Actions] For silkworm bites, take the white juice from the back, mix with ant ash, and apply externally (Su Song. From Wei Zhou's...).
(Shennong Ben Cao Jing, Lower Grade)
[Names] Tribulus (from *Erya*), [Missing Character] Qu
Tao Hongjing said: In *Zhuangzi*: "[Missing Character] Qu likes belts." In *Huainanzi*: "[Missing Character] Snake wanders in mist but is endangered by [Missing Character]. [Missing Character] can subdue snakes. Seeing a large snake, it climbs up and eats its brain."
Meng Gong said: People in Shandong call spiders [Missing Character] Qu, which can also subdue snakes, but the spider entry does not mention subduing snakes; here it refers to Centipede.
Su Song said: According to *Erya*: Tribulus is [Missing Character] Qu. Guo Pu's commentary says: Like a locust...
Li Shizhen said: According to Zhang Yi's *Guangya* and the commentary on *Huainanzi*, both state that [Missing Character] Qu is a cricket, capable of subduing snakes. Also considered as...
[Collected Explanations] *Mingyi Bielu* states: Centipedes grow in the valleys of Da Wu River and Jiangnan. Those with red heads and legs are of good quality.
Tao Hongjing said: Currently, centipedes with red legs mostly come from Jingkou, Changshan, Gaoli Mountain, and Maoshan, obtained from rotting accumulated grass. Do not injure them; dry them in the sun.
*Shu Tu* states: Grows in southern mountain valleys, and in the soil and rocks of An, Xiang, Deng, Sui, Tang and other prefectures; also found in house walls. Shape resembles millipede, body flat and long. Black head and red legs are of good quality. Harvested in July and August.
Kou Zongshi said: Centipedes have a dark green back when facing away from light, red legs, and yellow abdomen. If poisoned, applying black chicken manure or garlic is effective. Centipedes fear slugs (snail-like mollusks) and dare not cross paths where slugs have passed; touching a slug causes death, thus slugs can treat centipede poison.
Li Shizhen said: Centipedes are found everywhere in the southwest. They emerge in spring and hibernate in winter, having legs at every segment, double antennae, and forked tails. They fear spiders; shooting urine on them causes them to rot. In the south, there are very large species, unrecorded in materia medica. According to Duan Chengshi's *Youyang Zazu*: Centipedes in Suiding County, the large ones can use qi... growing over one zhang long... Southern centipedes large ones grow... Juting has Juluo Mountain, producing large... *Tan* records: Qiaonan centipedes large ones... then eat them. Therefore, for centipede bites, crushing the insect and applying it stops pain immediately. My note: Tuotai Chong is the slug. Centipedes can subdue dragons, snakes, and lizards, but fear toads and slugs...".
[Processing] [Missing Character] said: Do not use Thousand-legger (Millipede), which looks similar, only having white flesh on the head, face and mouth... entering the top of the head with fishy smell, can cause death. To process centipedes, first stir-fry centipede wood powder (or willow borer powder) in a clay vessel until the powder turns scorched black, then remove the powder...
Li Shizhen said: It is unknown what wood is "centipede wood". Nowadays, people only roast off the head and legs, or remove the tail and legs, and use them after roasting with mint leaves.
[Favorable Properties] Pungent, Warm, Toxic.
Li Shizhen said: Feared by slugs, spiders, chicken manure, mulberry bark, and white salt.
[Therapeutic Actions] Treats Gui Zhu (ghostly infection) and gu poison, consumes various snake, insect, and fish poisons, kills old spirits of ghosts and warm malaria, eliminates three parasites (Shennong Ben Cao Jing). Treats cold-heat accumulation in heart and abdomen, induces abortion, removes evil blood (Mingyi Bielu).
Treats Zheng Pi (abdominal masses) (Rihua Bencao). Infantile convulsions, wind spasms, umbilical tetanus, dan du (erysipelas), alopecia, scrofula, snake bites (Li Shizhen).
[Invention/Analysis]
Su Song said: Since *Shennong Ben Cao Jing* states "treats ghostly infection", *Hu Qia Fang* uses it frequently in formulas treating Shi Zhu (corpse infection), evil qi, and phlegm cough. Current physicians treat infants with locked jaws unable to suckle by using a centipede with red legs, removing legs, roasting and grinding, mixing with two he of pig milk and half qian, dividing into three or four doses, warming and pouring in, with effect...
Li Shizhen said: Generally, those that move swiftly are wind and snakes. Since centipedes subdue snakes, they can also block wind, belonging to the Jueyin meridian. Thus, the conditions they treat mostly belong to Jueyin. According to Yang Shiying's *Zhizhi Fang*: Centipedes are toxic; only violent wind-pathogens can be countered by them. Violent wind-pathogens cannot be treated without centipedes...
Named She Zhang (Snake Miasma); only centipedes with red legs are best for subduing snakes, being the superior drug, followed by Angelica dahurica (Baizhi). Also, *Shengji Zonglu* states: Lingnan Puzhe Zhang, also known as Suohou Zhang (Lock-throat Miasma). Neck swelling and pain connected... injuring various diseases, all... One method, then centipedes...
[Attached Formulas] Four old, sixteen new.
Infant Mouth Grasping: Just look at the tongue and upper/lower... then cured. If no fresh...
Infile Acute Convulsion: Wan Jin San: One centipede (whole, remove legs, roast into powder)... mixed with juice, pill size of mung bean. One pill per year of age, taken with milk. (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*)
Heaven-Hanging Wind-Disease: Eyes not moving down, showing whites, opisthotonos, inability to speak, Shuang Jin San governs. Use one large centipede, remove head and legs, roast in butter, split open with bamboo knife, mark left and right. Also use one qian of musk, mark left and right separately, grind to powder and wrap. Use the left side to blow into left nostril, right side into right nostril, small amount each, do not exceed. If eyes still not moving, blow a little more, stop when eyes move down. (*Zhizhi Fang*)
Broken Injury Stroke Near Death: *Taiping Shenghui Fang*: Grind centipede to powder, rub on teeth, expel saliva, immediate recovery.
Centipede head, Aconite tip, Fuzi base, Scorpion tail equal parts ground to powder. Use one zi or half zi,灌 with hot wine...
Facial Paralysis, Numbness in Mouth: Use three centipedes (one honey-roasted... piece (cut into four slices, one honey-roasted, one wine-soaked, one paper-wrapped roasted, one... small amount. Take one qian per dose, mixed with hot water, once daily. (*Tongbian Yaofa*)
Abdominal Snake Syndrome: Accidentally ingesting snake essence in vegetables forming She Xia, or eating snake meat forming Xia, constant hunger in abdomen, vomiting food.
Roast one centipede with red legs, grind to powder, take with wine. (*Weisheng Yijian Fang*)
Viper Bite: Grind centipede to powder, apply externally. Baopuzi.
Dart Poison Sore: One large centipede, roast and grind, mix with vinegar and apply. (*Qianjin Fang*).
Heaven Snake Head Sore: Grows on finger tips. Use one centipede, burn smoke and fumigate one or two times for cure. Or grind to powder, mix with pig... (*Qixiao Liangfang*)
Erysipelas and Tumor Swelling: Use one dried centipede, one soap-sized piece of alum, one Leiwan, two qian of Stemona, grind to powder, mix with vinegar and apply. (*Bencao Yan yi*)
Scrofula Ulcer: Cha and Centipede, roast until fragrant, equal parts grind and sieve to powder. First wash with licorice decoction, then apply. (*Zhenzhong Fang*)
Ear Discharge: Blow centipede powder into ear. (Bao Shi)
Infile Alopecia: One large centipede, one fen of salt, soak in oil for seven days. Apply oil, extremely effective. (*Haishang Fang*)
Initial Genital Abscess: One yellow-legged centipede, bake in tile until charred but retaining nature, grind to powder. Mix with wine and take, sweating disperses it. (*Jisheng Milan*)
Hemorrhoid Pain: *Zhizhi Fang*: Roast centipede with red legs to powder, add small amount of borneol, mix with saliva and apply. Sun Shi's *Jixiao Fang*: Use three or four centipedes, boil in sesame oil one or two... apply oil on spot, pain stops immediately, great effect.
Abdomen Large as Basket: Use three to five centipedes, roast in wine and grind to powder. Take one qian per dose, crack two eggs, put powder inside, seal with paper, cook in boiling water and eat. Once daily, continue for three doses, cured. (*Huoren Xintong*)
Calf Cramp: Centipede, burn, mix with lard and apply. (*Zhouhou Beiji Fang*)
Woman's Toe Sore: Evil flesh protruding from nail bed not healing. Roast and grind one centipede, apply externally. Surround with Arisaema powder mixed with vinegar. (*Yifang Zhaiyao*)