（宋《开宝》）
【释名】多骨。
【集解】志曰∶白豆蔻，出伽古罗国，呼为多骨。其草形如芭蕉，叶似杜若，长八九尺
而光滑，冬夏不凋，花浅黄色，子作朵如葡萄，初出微青，熟则变白，七月采之。
颂曰∶今广州、宜州亦有之，不及番舶来者佳。
时珍曰∶白豆蔻子圆大如白牵牛子，其壳白浓，其仁如缩砂仁。入药，去皮炒用。
仁
【气味】辛，大温，无毒。
好古∶大辛热，味薄气浓，轻清而升，阳也，浮也。入手太阴经。
【主治】积冷气，止吐逆反胃，消谷下气（《开宝》）。散肺中滞气，宽膈进食，去白睛
翳膜（李杲）。补肺气，益脾胃，理元气，收脱气（好古）。治噎膈，除疟疾寒热，解酒毒（时
珍）。
【发明】颂曰∶古方治胃冷，吃食即欲吐，及呕吐六物汤，皆用白豆蔻，大抵主胃冷，
即相宜也。
元素曰∶白豆蔻气味俱薄，其用有五∶专入肺经本药，一也；散胸中滞气，二也；去感
寒腹痛，三也；温暖脾胃，四也；治赤眼暴发，去太阳经目内大 红筋，用少许，五也。
时珍曰∶按杨士瀛云∶白豆蔻治脾虚疟疾，呕吐寒热，能消能磨，流行三焦，营卫一转，
诸证自平。
【附方】旧一，新四。
胃冷恶心∶凡食即欲吐。用白豆蔻子三枚。捣细。好酒一盏，温服，并饮数服佳。（张
文仲《备急方》）
人忽恶心∶多嚼白豆蔻子，最佳。（《肘后方》）小儿吐乳，胃寒者。白豆蔻仁十四个，
缩砂仁十四个，生甘草二钱，炙甘草二钱。为末。常掺入儿口中。（危氏
脾虚反胃∶白豆蔻、缩砂仁各二两，丁香一两，陈廪米一升，黄土炒焦，去土研细，姜
汁和丸梧子大。每服百丸，姜汤下。名太仓丸。（《济生方》）
产后呃逆∶白豆蔻、丁香各半两。研细，桃仁汤服一钱，少顷再服。（《乾坤生意》）
（出自宋代《开宝本草》）
【释名】别名：多骨。
【集解】苏颂说：白豆蔻，产自伽古罗国，被称为“多骨”。这种草本植物形状像芭蕉，叶子类似杜若，长达八九尺，表面光滑，冬夏都不凋谢，花朵呈浅黄色，果实成串像葡萄，刚结出时微青，成熟后变白，七月采收。
苏颂又说：现在广州、宜州也有出产，但不如海外商船运来的品质好。
李时珍说：白豆蔻果实圆润硕大，如同白牵牛子，外壳洁白浓厚，里面的仁像缩砂仁一样。入药使用时，需去皮并炒制。
【气味】味辛，性大温，无毒。
王好古说：味大辛热，气味淡薄而气机浓郁，性质轻清上升，属于阳，具有浮的特性。归入手太阴肺经。
【主治】治疗积滞冷气，制止呕吐和反胃，帮助消化谷物并降逆气（出自《开宝本草》）。疏散肺中的停滞之气，宽胸膈以促进食欲，去除白睛上的翳膜（李杲）。补益肺气，健脾益胃，调理元气，收敛耗散之气（王好古）。治疗噎膈，消除疟疾引起的寒热症状，解除酒毒（李时珍）。
【发明】苏颂说：古代方剂治疗胃冷，进食后立即想吐，以及呕吐六物汤中，都使用白豆蔻，大致都是针对胃冷的情况，因此很适宜。
张元素说：白豆蔻气味都很淡薄，其功效有五点：专门入肺经作为本药，这是一点；疏散胸中停滞之气，这是第二点；去除受寒引起的腹痛，这是第三点；温暖脾胃，这是第四点；治疗暴发性的赤眼，去除太阳经目内的大红筋，只需少量，这是第五点。
李时珍说：根据杨士瀛的说法：白豆蔻治疗脾虚导致的疟疾，伴有呕吐和寒热症状，能够消食磨积，流通三焦，使营卫之气运转一次，各种症状自然平息。
【附方】旧方一个，新方四个。
胃冷恶心：凡是吃东西就想吐。用白豆蔻子三枚，捣碎成细末。用好酒一盏，温热服用，连续服用几次效果更佳。（出自张文仲《备急方》）
突然感到恶心：多咀嚼白豆蔻子，效果最好。（出自《肘后方》）小儿吐乳，因胃寒所致。取白豆蔻仁十四个，缩砂仁十四个，生甘草二钱，炙甘草二钱。研成粉末。经常掺入婴儿口中。（出自危氏方）
脾虚反胃：白豆蔻、缩砂仁各二两，丁香一两，陈廪米一升，用黄土炒至焦黑，去掉泥土后研细，用姜汁调和制成梧子大小的丸药。每次服用一百丸，用姜汤送下。名为太仓丸。（出自《济生方》）
(Sourced from the Song Dynasty *Kaibao Bencao*)
[Names] Synonym: Duogu (Many Bones).
[Collection of Explanations] Su Song stated: Bai Doukou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus) originates from Jialuoluo Country and is called "Duogu". The herb resembles a banana plant in shape; its leaves are similar to those of *Rhodolaeda chinensis* (Duruo), measuring eight or nine chi in length, smooth to the touch, and evergreen throughout winter and summer. The flowers are pale yellow, and the fruits grow in clusters resembling grapes. Initially greenish, they turn white when ripe, and are harvested in the seventh lunar month.
Su Song further noted: It is also cultivated in Guangzhou and Yizhou today, but those imported by foreign merchant ships are superior in quality.
Li Shizhen stated: The fruit of Bai Doukou is round and large, comparable to *Pharbitis nil* seed (Bai Qianniu Zi). Its shell is thick and white, while the kernel resembles that of Suazha Ren (Amomi Fructus). For medicinal use, it must be peeled and stir-fried before application.
[Properties and Flavor] Pungent, greatly warm, non-toxic.
Wang Haogu stated: It is greatly pungent and hot. Its flavor is light while its qi is dense; it is light, clear, ascending, belonging to Yang, and has a floating nature. It enters the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian.
[Indications] Treats accumulated cold qi, stops vomiting and regurgitation, aids digestion of grains, and directs rebellious qi downward (*Kaibao Bencao*). Disperses stagnant qi in the lungs, expands the diaphragm to promote appetite, and removes nebulae on the sclera (Li Gao). Tonifies lung qi, benefits the spleen and stomach, regulates primordial qi, and secures dissipating qi (Wang Haogu). Treats dysphagia and esophageal obstruction, eliminates chills and fever associated with malaria, and resolves alcohol toxicity (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Su Song stated: Ancient formulas for treating cold stomach, where one feels the urge to vomit immediately after eating, such as Liuwu Tang for vomiting, all utilize Bai Doukou. Generally, it is suitable for conditions involving cold stomach.
Zhang Yuansu stated: The properties and flavors of Bai Doukou are both light. Its applications include five aspects: first, it specifically enters the Lung Meridian as a guiding herb; second, it disperses stagnant qi in the chest; third, it alleviates abdominal pain caused by cold invasion; fourth, it warms the spleen and stomach; fifth, it treats sudden onset of red eyes by removing large red veins in the inner canthus associated with the Taiyang Meridian, using only a small amount.
Li Shizhen stated: According to Yang Shiying: Bai Doukou treats malaria due to spleen deficiency, accompanied by vomiting and alternating chills and fever. It can digest food and break down stagnation, circulating through the Triple Burner. Once the Ying and Wei (Nutritive and Defensive) qi circulate once, various symptoms will naturally subside.
[Attached Formulas] One old formula, four new formulas.
Cold Stomach with Nausea: Whenever one feels the urge to vomit upon eating. Use three seeds of Bai Doukou. Pound into fine powder. Mix with one cup of good wine, warm, and take orally. Taking several doses consecutively yields better results. (Zhang Wenzhong, *Beiji Fang*)
Sudden Nausea: Chew many Bai Doukou seeds; this is best. (*Zhouhou Fang*)
Pediatric Vomiting of Milk due to Cold Stomach: Take fourteen kernels of Bai Doukou, fourteen kernels of Suazha Ren (Amomi Fructus), two qian of raw Gancao (Licorice Root), and two qian of honey-fried Gancao. Grind into powder. Frequently sprinkle into the infant's mouth. (Wei Shi)
Spleen Deficiency with Regurgitation: Bai Doukou and Suazha Ren, each two liang; Dingxiang (Clove), one liang; Chen Linmi (Aged Rice), one sheng. Stir-fry the rice with yellow earth until scorched, remove the earth, and grind finely. Blend with ginger juice to form pills the size of wuzi (Chinese quince seeds). Take 100 pills per dose, washed down with ginger decoction. Named Taicui Wan. (*Jisheng Fang*)
Postpartum Hiccups: Bai Doukou and Dingxiang (Clove), each half liang. Grind finely. Take one qian with Tao Ren Tang (Peach Kernel Decoction), and repeat the dose shortly thereafter. (*Qiankun Shengyi*)