（宋《图经》）
【释名】乌蒜（《纲目》）、老鸦蒜（《救荒》）、蒜头草（《纲目》）、婆婆酸（《纲目》）、
一
【集解】颂曰∶水麻生鼎州、黔州，其根名石蒜，九月采之。或云金灯花根，亦名石蒜，
即此类也。时珍曰∶石蒜，处处下湿地有之，古谓之乌蒜，俗谓之老鸦蒜、一枝箭是也。春
初生叶，如蒜秧及山慈菇叶，背有剑脊，四散布地。七月苗枯，乃于平地抽出一茎如箭杆，
长尺许。茎端开花四、五朵，六出红色，如山丹花状而瓣长，黄蕊长须。其根状如蒜，皮色
紫赤，肉白色。此有小毒，而《救荒本草》言其可炸熟水浸过食，盖为救荒尔。一种叶如大
韭，四、五月抽茎，开花如小萱花黄白色者，谓之铁色箭，功与此同。二物并抽茎开花，后
乃生叶，叶、花不相见，与金灯同。
根
【气味】辛、甘，温，有小毒。
【主治】敷贴肿毒（苏颂）。疔疮恶核，可水煎服取汗，及捣敷之。又中溪毒者，酒煎
半升服，取吐良（时珍）。
【附方】新三。
便毒诸疮∶一枝箭，捣烂涂之即消。若毒太甚者，冼净，以生白酒煎服，得微汗即愈。
（王永辅《济世方》）产肠脱下∶老鸦蒜（即酸头草）一把。以水三碗，煎一碗半，去滓熏
洗，神效。（危氏《得效方》）小儿惊风∶大叫一声就死者，名老鸦惊。以散麻缠住胁下及手
心足心，以灯火爆之。用老鸦蒜（晒干）、车前子等分，为末，水调贴手足心。仍以灯心淬
手足心，及肩膊、眉心、鼻
（宋代《图经本草》）
【释名】乌蒜（《本草纲目》）、老鸦蒜（《救荒本草》）、蒜头草（《本草纲目》）、婆婆酸（《本草纲目》）。
【集解】苏颂说：水麻生长在鼎州、黔州，它的根叫做石蒜，在九月采集。有人说金灯花的根，也叫石蒜，就是这一类。李时珍说：石蒜，到处低湿的地方都有生长，古代叫它乌蒜，俗名叫老鸦蒜、一枝箭。春天初生叶子，像蒜苗和山慈菇的叶子，背面有剑脊状的叶脉，四散铺在地上。七月植株枯萎，然后在平地上抽出一茎像箭杆一样，长约一尺。茎端开出四、五朵花，六瓣红色，像山丹花但花瓣较长，黄色花蕊有长须。它的根形状像蒜，皮色紫红，肉质白色。这种植物有小毒，而《救荒本草》说它可以炸熟后用水浸泡过食用，这大概是为了应对饥荒罢了。还有一种叶子像大韭菜，四、五月抽茎，开花像小萱花呈黄白色的，叫做铁色箭，功效与此相同。这两种都是先抽茎开花，然后才生叶，叶和花不相见，与金灯花相同。
根
【气味】辛、甘，温，有小毒。
【主治】敷贴肿毒（苏颂）。治疗疔疮恶核，可以水煎服用取汗，以及捣碎外敷。另外中溪毒的人，用酒煎半升服用，能吐出毒物效果良好（李时珍）。
【附方】新收录三方。
便毒诸疮：一枝箭，捣烂涂敷患处即消散。如果毒性太严重的，洗净，用生白酒煎服，微微出汗即痊愈。（王永辅《济世方》）产肠脱下：老鸦蒜（即酸头草）一把。用水三碗，煎至一碗半，去渣熏洗，神效。（危氏《得效方》）小儿惊风：大叫一声就死去的，名叫老鸦惊。用散麻缠住胁下及手心足心，用灯火爆之。用老鸦蒜（晒干）、车前子等分，研为末，水调贴手足心。仍以灯心草淬刺手足心，及肩膊、眉心、鼻……
(Song Dynasty *Tujing Bencao*)
[Names] Wusuan (Black Garlic) (*Bencao Gangmu*), Laoya Suan (Old Crow Garlic) (*Jiuhuang Bencao*), Suantou Cao (Garlic-head Grass) (*Bencao Gangmu*), Popo Suan (Grandma Sour) (*Bencao Gangmu*).
[Collected Explanations] Su Song stated: Shuima grows in Dingzhou and Qianzhou; its root is called Shisuan, harvested in the ninth lunar month. Some say the root of Jindenghua is also called Shisuan, which belongs to this category. Li Shizhen said: Shisuan grows in damp, low-lying areas everywhere. It was called Wusuan in ancient times and is commonly known as Laoya Suan or Yizhijian. In early spring, leaves emerge resembling garlic sprouts and the leaves of *Fritillaria thunbergii* (Shancigu), with a keel on the back of the leaf blade, spreading across the ground. In the seventh lunar month, the foliage withers, and then a single stem emerges from the flat ground like an arrow shaft, about one chi long. At the tip of the stem bloom four or five flowers, six-petaled and red, resembling *Lilium brownii* (Shandanhua) but with longer petals and yellow stamens with long filaments. The root resembles garlic, with purple-red skin and white flesh. This plant has slight toxicity. However, *Jiuhuang Bencao* states it can be fried until cooked, soaked in water, and then eaten, presumably for famine relief. Another variety has leaves resembling large leeks, sends up stems in the fourth and fifth lunar months, and blooms with small daylily-like yellowish-white flowers, called Tiesejian. Its efficacy is the same as Shisuan. Both species send up stems and bloom first, and only later produce leaves; the leaves and flowers do not appear simultaneously, similar to Jindenghua.
Root
[Properties and Flavor] Acrid, sweet, warm, slightly toxic.
[Therapeutic Actions] Applied externally for swelling and sores (Su Song). For dingchuang (carbuncles) and ehe (malignant nodules), decoct in water to induce sweating, or crush and apply topically. Additionally, for those poisoned by stream toxins, decoct half sheng in wine and administer orally; inducing vomiting yields good results (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions] Three new prescriptions.
Biandu (Inguinal abscess) and various sores: Crush Yizhijian and apply to the affected area; it will dissipate immediately. If the toxin is too severe, wash clean, decoct in raw baijiu (white liquor), and ingest; recovery occurs with mild sweating. (Wang Yongfu, *Jishi Fang*) Prolapsed rectum: One handful of Laoya Suan (i.e., Suantou Cao). Decoct in three bowls of water until reduced to one and a half bowls, remove dregs, and use the fumes and liquid for washing; miraculous effect. (Wei Shi, *Defang*) Infantile convulsions: When a child dies after screaming once, it is named Laoya Jing. Bind Sanma around the hypochondrium, palms, and soles, and roast over lamp fire. Mix equal parts of dried Laoya Suan and Cheqianzi, grind into powder, mix with water, and apply to the palms and soles. Also, cauterize the palms, soles, shoulders, glabella, and nose...