（《别录》上品）
【释名】石绿（《唐本》）、大绿（《纲目》）。
【集解】《别录》曰∶绿青，生山之阴穴中，色青白。
弘景曰∶此即用画绿色者，亦出空青中，相挟带。今画工呼为碧青，而呼空青作绿青，
正相反矣。
恭曰∶绿青即扁青也，画工呼为石绿。其碧青即白青也，不入画用。
颂曰∶旧不着所出州土，但云生山之阴穴中。次空青条上云∶生益州山谷及越 山有铜
处，此物当是生其山之阴尔。今出韶州、信州。其色青白，画工用为绿色者，极有大块，其
中青白花纹可爱。信州人琢为腰带器物，及妇人服饰。其入药，当用颗块如乳香者佳。宗
曰∶其色黑绿色者佳。
时珍曰∶石绿，阴石也。生铜坑中，乃铜之祖气也。铜得紫阳之气而生绿，绿久则成石
。谓之石绿，而铜生于中，与空青、曾青同一根源也。今人呼为大绿。范成大《桂海志》云∶
石绿，铜之苗也，出广西右江有铜处。生石中，质如石者，名石绿。一种脆烂如碎土者，名
泥绿，品最下。《大明会典》云∶青绿石矿一斤，淘净绿一十一两四钱。暗色绿石矿一斤，
淘净绿一十两八钱。 砂一斤，烧造 砂绿一十五两五钱。
【气味】酸、寒，无毒。
时珍曰∶有小毒。【主治】益气，止泄痢，疗鼽鼻（《别录》）。吐风痰甚效（苏颂）。
【发明】颂曰∶今医家多用吐风痰。其法拣上色精好者研筛，水飞再研。如风痰眩闷，
取二、三钱同生龙脑三、四豆许研匀，以生薄荷汁合酒温调服之。偃卧须臾，涎自口角流出
乃愈。不呕吐，其功速于他药，今人用之比比皆效，故着之。
宗 曰∶同 砂作吐上涎药，验则验矣，亦能损心。
时珍曰∶痰在上宜吐之，在下宜利之，亦须观人之虚实强弱而察其脉，乃可投之。初虞
世有金虎、碧霞之戒，正此意也。金虎丹治风痰，用天雄、腻粉诸药者。
【附方】新四。急惊昏迷，不省人事∶石绿四两，轻粉一钱。为末。薄荷汁入酒调一字
服，取吐。（《全婴方》）
风痰迷闷∶碧霞丹∶用石绿十两，乌头尖、附子尖、蝎梢各七十个。为末，糊丸芡子大。
每服一丸，薄荷汁入酒半合化下，须臾吐出痰涎。（《和剂局方》）
小儿疳疮，肾疳鼻疳、头疮耳疮、久不瘥者。石绿、白芷等分。为末。先以甘草水洗疮，
拭净敷之，一日愈。（《集玄方》）
腋下狐臭∶石绿三钱，轻粉一钱。浓醋调涂。五次断根。（《集玄方》）
（《名医别录》列为上品）
【释名】石绿（出自《唐本草》）、大绿（出自《本草纲目》）。
【集解】《名医别录》记载：绿青，生长在山北背阴的洞穴中，颜色青白。
陶弘景说：这就是用来画绿色的颜料，也出产于空青矿中，两者相伴共生。现在的画工称它为碧青，而把空青称为绿青，这正好弄反了。
苏恭说：绿青就是扁青，画工称之为石绿。那碧青就是白青，不用于绘画。
苏颂说：旧籍没有注明产地，只说生长在山北背阴的洞穴中。在空青条目下提到：空青生长在益州山谷以及越山有铜的地方，这种物质应当也是生长在这些山的背阴处。现在产于韶州、信州。它的颜色青白，画工用它作为绿色颜料，其中有很大的块状物，里面的青白花纹很可爱。信州人将其雕琢成腰带器具以及妇女的装饰品。入药使用时，应当选用像乳香颗粒那样的块状为佳。陈承说：颜色呈黑绿色的为佳。
李时珍说：石绿，是阴性的石头。生长在铜矿坑中，是铜的原始精气。铜受到紫阳之气的影响而生出绿色，绿色久了就变成石头。称之为石绿，而铜生于其中，与空青、曾青拥有相同的根源。现在人称之为大绿。范成大在《桂海志》中说：石绿，是铜的幼苗，出产于广西右江有铜的地方。生长在石头中，质地像石头一样的，名叫石绿。一种脆烂像碎土一样的，名叫泥绿，品质最低劣。《大明会典》记载：青色绿石矿一斤，淘洗后得到净绿一十一两四钱。暗色绿石矿一斤，淘洗后得到净绿一十两八钱。砂一斤，烧造后得到砂绿一十五两五钱。
【主治】补气，止泄痢，治疗鼽鼻（出自《名医别录》）。吐出风痰非常有效（苏颂）。
【发明】苏颂说：现在医生多用它来吐出风痰。方法是挑选上等的精品研磨过筛，用水飞法再研磨。如果是风痰引起的眩晕昏闷，取二、三钱与生龙脑三、四粒豆大小的量一起研匀，用新鲜的薄荷汁混合温酒调服。躺卧片刻后，涎液自然从口角流出就好了。不引起呕吐，其功效比其他药物迅速，现在人们使用它几乎都有效，所以记录下来。
陈承说：同轻粉一起作为吐出上部涎液的药，验证确实有效，但也损伤心脏。
李时珍说：痰在上部适宜用吐法，在下部适宜用通利法，也必须观察病人的虚实强弱并诊察脉象，然后才可以投药。初虞世有关于金虎、碧霞的禁忌告诫，正是这个意思。金虎丹治疗风痰，使用天雄、腻粉等药物。
【附方】新收录四方。
急惊风昏迷，不省人事：石绿四两，轻粉一钱。研为细末。用薄荷汁加入酒调服“一字”的量，以催吐。（出自《全婴方》）
风痰迷乱昏闷：碧霞丹：用石绿十两，乌头尖、附子尖、蝎梢各七十枚。研为细末，用糊剂制成如芡实大小的丸药。每次服用一丸，用薄荷汁加入半合酒化开送服，片刻后吐出痰涎。（出自《太平惠民和剂局方》）
小儿疳疮，肾疳、鼻疳、头疮耳疮，久治不愈者：石绿、白芷等分。研为细末。先用甘草水洗疮面，擦干后敷药，一天即可痊愈。（出自《集玄方》）
腋下狐臭：石绿三钱，轻粉一钱。用浓醋调和涂抹。五次可断根。（出自《集玄方》）
(Recorded as a Superior Grade drug in *Bie Lu* [Separate Record of Famous Physicians])
[Names] Shi Lv (Stone Green, from *Tang Ben Cao* [Tang Pharmacopoeia]), Da Lv (Great Green, from *Ben Cao Gang Mu* [Compendium of Materia Medica]).
[Ji Jie / Collection and Explanation] *Bie Lu* states: Lü Qing (Green Copper Carbonate) grows in caves on the shady side of mountains, with a color that is greenish-white.
Hong Jing says: This is the material used for painting green; it also occurs within deposits of Kong Qing (Chrysocolla), accompanying it. Today, painters call it Bi Qing (Emerald Green), while referring to Kong Qing as Lü Qing, which is exactly reversed.
Gong says: Lü Qing is Bian Qing (Flat Blue Copper Carbonate); painters call it Shi Lv (Stone Green). The Bi Qing is Bai Qing (White Copper Carbonate), which is not used for painting.
Song says: Old texts do not specify the provinces or lands of origin, only stating it grows in caves on the shady side of mountains. In the entry for Kong Qing, it is stated: "Kong Qing grows in the valleys of Yi Zhou and in Yue Shan where copper exists." This substance likely grows in the shady areas of those same mountains. It is currently produced in Shao Zhou and Xin Zhou. Its color is greenish-white, and painters use it as a green pigment. There are very large blocks, among which the greenish-white floral patterns are lovely. People in Xin Zhou carve them into belt buckles, vessels, and women's accessories. For medicinal use, block-like pieces resembling Frankincense (Ruxiang) are best. Zong says: Those with a blackish-green color are superior.
Shizhen says: Shi Lv is a yin stone. It grows in copper pits; it is the primordial qi of copper. When copper receives the qi of Purple Yang, it turns green; after a long time, this greenness solidifies into stone. Hence it is called Shi Lv (Stone Green), with copper forming within it. It shares the same root source as Kong Qing (Chrysocolla) and Ceng Qing (Azurite). People today call it Da Lv (Great Green). Fan Chengda's *Gui Hai Zhi* states: "Shi Lv is the sprout of copper, found in Guangxi You Jiang where copper exists." Growing within rock, if the texture is like stone, it is named Shi Lv (Stone Green). If it is brittle and crumbly like broken soil, it is named Ni Lv (Mud Green), which is of the lowest grade. *Da Ming Hui Dian* records: One jin of Qing Lv Shi Kuang (Green Malachite Ore) yields 11 liang 4 qian of refined Lv (Green Pigment). One jin of An Se Lv Shi Kuang (Dark-colored Green Ore) yields 10 liang 8 qian of refined Lv. One jin of Sha (Sand/Ore residue), when calcined, produces 15 liang 5 qian of Sha Lv (Calcined Green).
[Qi Wei / Flavor and Properties] Sour, Cold, Non-toxic.
Shizhen says: Slightly toxic.
[Zhu Zhi / Indications] Tonifies Qi, stops dysentery and diarrhea, treats Qiu Bi (Stuffy/Runny Nose) (*Bie Lu*). Very effective in vomiting out Wind-Phlegm (Su Song).
[Fa Ming / Elucidation] Song says: Physicians today mostly use it to induce vomiting of Phlegm. The method is to select high-quality, fine-grade material, grind and sieve it, then refine it using the water-flying method again. For dizziness and oppression caused by Wind-Phlegm, take 2–3 qian mixed with 3–4 bean-sized amounts of raw Long Nao (Borneol), ground evenly. Mix with fresh Bo He Jiang (Peppermint Juice) and warm wine, then administer. After lying down for a moment, saliva will flow naturally from the corners of the mouth, and the condition will resolve. It works faster than other drugs without causing vomiting. Nowadays, its use is common and effective, so I record it here.
Zong says: Used together with Qing Fen (Calomel) to expel upper phlegm, it is indeed effective but can damage the Heart.
Shizhen says: Phlegm located in the upper part should be expelled via vomiting; phlegm in the lower part should be drained via purgation. One must also observe the patient's deficiency or excess and strength or weakness, and examine the pulse before administering medication. Chu Yushi had warnings regarding Jin Hu Dan (Golden Tiger Pill) and Bi Xia Dan (Jade Cloud Pill), which reflects this principle. Jin Hu Dan treats Wind-Phlegm using Tian Xiong (Aconitum Radialis Preparata) and Ni Fen (Calomel), among other drugs.
[Fu Fang / Prescriptions] Four new prescriptions.
Acute Infantile Convulsion with coma and loss of consciousness: Shi Lv (Malachite) 4 liang, Qing Fen (Calomel) 1 qian. Grind into powder. Mix with Bo He Jiang (Peppermint Juice) and wine, administer an amount equivalent to "one character" (approx. 0.5-1 ml), to induce vomiting. (*Quan Ying Fang* [Complete Formulas for Infants])
Wind-Phlegm causing confusion and oppression: Bi Xia Dan (Jade Cloud Pill): Use Shi Lv (Malachite) 10 liang, Wu Tou Jian (Tip of Aconitum Carmichaelii Root), Fu Zi Jian (Tip of Prepared Aconite Root), and Xie Shao (Tail of Scorpion) each 70 units. Grind into powder, make pills with paste the size of Euryale seeds. Take one pill per dose, dissolve in half he of wine mixed with Bo He Jiang (Peppermint Juice). Vomiting of phlegm and saliva will occur shortly. (*Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang* [Prescriptions of the Bureau for Benefiting the People])
Pediatric Gan Sores, Kidney Gan, Nasal Gan, Head Sores, Ear Sores that have not healed for a long time: Shi Lv (Malachite) and Bai Zhi (Angelica Dahurica) in equal parts. Grind into powder. First wash the sore with Gan Cao (Licorice) water, wipe dry, and apply the powder. Healing occurs in one day. (*Ji Xuan Fang*)
Axillary Bromhidrosis (Fox Odor): Shi Lv (Malachite) 3 qian, Qing Fen (Calomel) 1 qian. Mix with strong vinegar and apply topically. Five applications can cure it permanently. (*Ji Xuan Fang*)