（《唐本草》）
【释名】天葵（《图经》）、
【集解】恭曰∶菟葵苗如石龙芮，而叶光泽，花白似梅，其茎紫黑，煮啖极滑。所在下
泽田间皆有，人多识之。六月、七月采茎叶，曝干入药。
禹锡曰∶郭璞注《尔雅》云∶菟葵似葵而小，叶状如藜，有毛， 之可食而滑。
宗 曰∶菟葵，绿叶如黄蜀葵，其花似拒霜，甚雅，其形至小，如初开单叶蜀葵。有檀
心，色如牡丹姚黄蕊，则蜀葵也。唐刘梦得所谓菟葵燕麦动摇春
时珍曰∶按∶郑樵《通志》云∶菟葵，天葵也。状如葵菜，叶大如钱而浓，面青背
微紫，生于崖石。凡丹石之类，得此而后能神。所以《雷公炮炙论》云∶如要形坚，岂忘紫
背，谓其能坚铅也。此说得于天台一僧。又按∶南宫从《
灵草也。生于水际。取自然汁煮汞则坚，亦能煮八石拒火也。又按∶初虞世《古今录验》云∶
五月五前斋戒
以手摩桑阴一遍，口啮菟葵及五叶草嚼熟，以唾涂手，熟揩令遍。再斋七日，不得洗手。后
有蛇虫蝎虿咬伤者，以此手摩之，即愈也。时珍窃谓∶古有咒由一科，此亦其类，但不知必
用菟葵，取何义也？
苗
【气味】甘，寒，无毒。
【主治】下诸石五淋，止虎蛇毒。诸疮捣汁饮之。涂疮能解毒止痛（《唐本》）。
（出自《唐本草》）
【释名】天葵（出自《图经》）。
【集解】苏恭说：菟葵的幼苗像石龙芮，但叶子光泽，花白色类似梅花，茎呈紫黑色，煮熟食用非常滑嫩。各地低洼湿地和田间都有生长，人们大多认识它。六月、七月采集茎叶，晒干后入药。
禹锡说：郭璞在注释《尔雅》时写道：菟葵像葵菜但较小，叶子形状像藜，有毛，吃起来滑嫩可食。
寇宗奭说：菟葵绿叶像黄蜀葵，花朵像拒霜花（木芙蓉），非常雅致，植株形态很小，像刚开放的单叶蜀葵。有檀香色的花心，颜色像牡丹姚黄的花蕊，那就是蜀葵了。唐代刘梦得所说的“菟葵燕麦动摇春”……
李时珍说：查考郑樵的《通志》记载：菟葵，就是天葵。形状像葵菜，叶子大如铜钱且厚实，正面青色背面微紫，生长在崖石上。凡是丹石类药物，得到此草后才能显神效。所以《雷公炮炙论》中说：“若要形体坚固，岂能忘记紫背”，是指它能加固铅。这个说法是从天台的一位僧人那里得来的。又查考：南宫从认为它是灵草，生长在水边。取其自然汁液煮汞则变坚固，也能煮八石并抵御火焰。又查考初虞世的《古今录验》记载：五月五日之前斋戒，用手在桑树荫下摩挲一遍，口咬菟葵及五叶草嚼烂，用唾液涂抹双手，仔细擦拭均匀。再斋戒七天，不得洗手。之后若有蛇、虫、蝎、毒蜂等咬伤，用这只手抚摸患处，即可痊愈。我私下认为：古代有咒禁这一科，这也属于同类，只是不知道为何必须用菟葵，取其什么义理呢？
【气味】味甘，性寒，无毒。
(From *Tang Bencao*)
[Names] Tiankui (from *Tujing*).
[Collected Explanations] Su Gong stated: The seedling of Tu Kui resembles *Saururus chinensis* (Shi Long Rui), but its leaves are glossy, flowers are white like plum blossoms, and stems are purple-black. When boiled and eaten, it is extremely slippery. It grows in lowlands, marshes, and fields everywhere, and most people recognize it. Stems and leaves are harvested in June and July, dried in the sun, and used as medicine.
Yu Xi stated: Guo Pu, in his commentary on *Erya*, wrote: Tu Kui resembles common mallow (Kui) but is smaller; its leaves resemble lamb's quarters (Li), have hairs, and are edible and slippery when chewed.
Kou Zongshi stated: Tu Kui has green leaves resembling yellow hibiscus (Huang Shu Kui); its flowers resemble *Hibiscus mutabilis* (Ju Shuang Hua), which is very elegant. The plant form is quite small, resembling a single-leaf Shu Kui just opening. It has sandalwood-colored stamens, and the color resembles the stamen of the 'Yao Huang' variety of peony; this refers to Shu Kui. Liu Mengde of the Tang Dynasty referred to "Tu Kui and wild oats swaying in spring"...
Li Shizhen stated: Consulting Zheng Qiao's *Tongzhi*: Tu Kui is also known as Tiankui. Its shape resembles common mallow; leaves are as large as coins and thick, green on the surface and slightly purple on the reverse, growing on cliff rocks. Regarding cinnabar and other mineral drugs, they achieve their miraculous effects only with this herb. Therefore, *Leigong Paozhi Lun* states: "If you wish for firmness of form, how could you forget the purple back?" referring to its ability to solidify lead. This view was obtained from a monk in Tiantai. Furthermore, Nan Gong Cong considered it a spiritual herb growing near water. Extracting its natural juice to boil mercury makes it solid; it can also boil the Eight Minerals and resist fire. Additionally, Chu Yushi's *Gujin Luyan* records: Before the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, observe fasting. Rub hands once under the shade of a mulberry tree, bite Tu Kui and five-leaf grass, chew thoroughly, and apply saliva to the hands, rubbing carefully until even. Fast for another seven days without washing hands. If subsequently bitten by snakes, insects, scorpions, or venomous creatures, rub the affected area with these hands, and it will heal. I privately speculate: Ancient times had the discipline of incantation and prohibition; this belongs to that category, but I do not know why Tu Kui must be used, nor what meaning it takes.
[Properties and Flavor] Sweet, cold, non-toxic.
[Therapeutic Actions] Treats various stones causing the Five Stranguries (Wu Lin), stops tiger and snake venom. For various sores, crush and drink the juice. Applied externally to sores, it detoxifies and relieves pain (from *Tang Bencao*).