（《拾遗》）
【集解】藏器曰∶蓼螺生永嘉海中。味辛辣如蓼。
时珍曰∶按∶《韵会》云∶蓼螺，紫色有斑文。今宁波出泥螺，状如蚕豆，可代充海错
肉
【气味】辛，平，无毒。
【主治】飞尸游蛊，生食之。浸以姜、醋，弥佳（藏器）
（《拾遗》）
【释名】寄生虫。
【集解】藏器曰∶陶注蜗牛云∶海边大有，似蜗牛，火炙壳便走出，食之益人。按∶寄
居在螺壳间，非螺也。候螺蛤开，即自出食。螺蛤欲合，已还壳中。海族多被其寄。又南海
一种似蜘蛛，入螺壳中，负壳而走。触之即缩如螺，火炙乃出。一名
时珍曰∶按孙 云∶寄居在龟壳中者名曰
【气味】缺。
【主治】益颜色，美心志（弘景）。
（《拾遗》）
【释名】玉珧（音姚）、江珧、马颊、马
藏器曰∶海月，蛤类也。似半月，故名。水沫所化，煮时犹变为水。
时珍曰∶马甲、玉珧皆以形色名。万震赞云“厥甲美如珧玉”，是矣。
【集解】时珍曰∶刘恂《岭表录异》云∶海月大如镜，白色正圆，常死海旁。其柱如搔
头尖，其甲美如玉。段成式《杂俎》云∶玉珧形似蚌，长二三寸，广五寸，上大下小。壳中
柱炙
蚌稍大，肉腥韧不堪。惟四肉柱长寸许，白如珂雪，以鸡汁瀹食肥美。过火则味尽也。
【气味】甘、辛，平，无毒。
【主治】消渴下气，调中利五脏，止小便。消腹中宿物，令人易饥能食。生姜、酱同食
之（藏器）。
【附录】海镜 时珍曰∶一名镜鱼，一名琐 ，一名膏药盘，生南海。两片相合成形，
壳圆如镜，中甚莹滑，映日光如云母。内有少肉如蚌胎。腹有寄居虫，大如豆，状如蟹。海
镜饥则出食，入则镜亦饱矣。郭璞赋云“琐 腹蟹，水母目虾”，即此。
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【集解】
唐代苏恭（字藏器）说：蓼螺生长在永嘉的海中。味道辛辣，就像蓼草一样。
明代李时珍说：查阅《韵会》记载：蓼螺是紫色的，身上有斑纹。现在宁波出产泥螺，形状像蚕豆，可以代替充作海味肉类。
【气味】
辛味，性平，无毒。
【主治】
治疗飞尸游蛊病，生吃它。用姜和醋浸泡后食用，效果更好。（出自藏器）
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】
寄生虫。
【集解】
唐代苏恭（字藏器）说：陶弘景在注释蜗牛时说：海边有很多，样子像蜗牛，用火烤壳它就会爬出来，吃了对人有益。按：寄居蟹住在螺壳里，它不是螺。等到螺蛤张开时，它就自己出来进食。当螺蛤想要闭合时，它已经回到壳里了。海洋生物大多被它寄生。另外南海有一种像蜘蛛的生物，进入螺壳中，背着壳行走。触碰它时就缩得像螺一样，用火烤才出来。有一个名字叫……
明代李时珍说：查阅孙愐的记载：住在龟壳里的寄居者名叫……
【气味】
缺失。
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】
玉珧（读音姚）、江珧、马颊、马……
唐代苏恭（字藏器）说：海月属于蛤类。形状像半月，所以叫这个名字。由水沫变化而成，煮的时候还会变成水。
明代李时珍说：马甲、玉珧都是以颜色和形状命名的。万震称赞说“它的甲壳美如珧玉”，这是对的。
【集解】
明代李时珍说：刘恂在《岭表录异》中说：海月大如镜子，白色正圆，常死在海边。它的肉柱像搔头尖一样尖，它的甲壳美如玉。段成式在《杂俎》中说：玉珧形状像蚌，长二三寸，宽五寸，上大下小。将壳中的肉柱炙烤……比蚌稍大，肉质腥韧不堪食用。只有四根肉柱长约一寸，白如珂雪，用鸡汁炖煮食用肥美。煮过头味道就没了。
【气味】
甘味、辛味，性平，无毒。
【主治】
治疗消渴症并降气，调和脾胃、利五脏，止住小便。消除腹中积滞的食物，让人容易饥饿并能进食。与生姜、酱一起食用（出自藏器）。
【附录】海镜
明代李时珍说：海镜又名镜鱼，又名琐……，又名膏药盘，生长在南海。两片壳合成一体，壳圆如镜子，中间非常莹润光滑，映着日光像云母一样。里面有一点像蚌胎的肉。腹部有寄居虫，大如豆子，形状像螃蟹。海镜饿了就出来进食，进去后海镜也就饱了。郭璞赋中说“琐……腹中有蟹，水母眼中似虾”，指的就是这个。
(From *Bencao Shiyi* / Supplement to Materia Medica)
[Collected Explanations]
Su Gong (courtesy name Cangqi) of the Tang Dynasty stated: The Liaoluo (Polygonum Snail) lives in the seas of Yongjia. Its taste is pungent and spicy, similar to Polygonum (Persicaria).
Li Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty stated: According to *Yunhui*, the Liaoluo is purple with mottled patterns. Currently, Ningbo produces Mud Snails (Niluoluo), which resemble broad beans and can be used as a substitute for seafood meats.
[Flavor and Properties]
Pungent, neutral in nature, non-toxic.
[Therapeutic Actions]
Treats Feishi Yougu (Flying Corpse and Wandering Gu Poisoning); consume raw. Soaking it in ginger and vinegar before consumption yields better results (Source: Cangqi).
(From *Bencao Shiyi* / Supplement to Materia Medica)
[Names]
Parasitic Crab (Jiju Chong).
[Collected Explanations]
Su Gong (courtesy name Cangqi) of the Tang Dynasty stated: Tao Hongjing, in his commentary on Snails (Woniú), said: They are abundant by the sea, resembling snails; when roasted over fire, they emerge from their shells, and consuming them benefits the human body. Note: The Hermit Crab resides within snail shells but is not a snail itself. It emerges to feed when the snails or clams open, and retreats into the shell when they attempt to close. Many marine creatures are parasitized by it. Additionally, in the South Sea, there is a species resembling a spider that enters snail shells and carries them while walking. When touched, it shrinks like a snail and only emerges when roasted. One of its names is...
Li Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty stated: According to Sun Mian, hermit crabs residing in turtle shells are named...
[Flavor and Properties]
Missing.
[Therapeutic Actions]
Improves complexion and enhances mental clarity and spirit (Source: Hongjing).
(From *Bencao Shiyi* / Supplement to Materia Medica)
[Names]
Yuyao (pronounced Yao), Jiangyao, Majia, Ma...
Su Gong (courtesy name Cangqi) of the Tang Dynasty stated: Haiyue (Sea Moon) belongs to the clam family. It resembles a half-moon, hence its name. It is formed from sea foam and turns back into water when boiled.
Li Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty stated: Majia and Yuyao are named after their color and shape. Wanzhen praised, "Its shell is beautiful like Yao jade," which is correct.
[Collected Explanations]
Li Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty stated: Liu Xun, in *Lingbiao Luyi*, described the Haiyue as being mirror-sized, pure white, perfectly round, and often found dead by the seaside. Its columnar muscle is sharp like a hairpick tip, and its shell is beautiful as jade. Duan Chengshi, in *Zazu*, described the Yuyao as resembling a mussel, two to three cun long and five cun wide, larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. Roasting the columnar muscle inside the shell... [It is] slightly larger than a mussel, with meat that is fishy, tough, and inedible. Only the four columnar muscles, about one cun long, are white like Kexue (fine snow), and when stewed in chicken broth, they are rich and delicious. Overcooking causes the flavor to disappear.
[Flavor and Properties]
Sweet, pungent, neutral in nature, non-toxic.
[Therapeutic Actions]
Treats Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst syndrome) and directs Qi downward; harmonizes the Middle Jiao and benefits the Five Zang Organs; stops frequent urination. Eliminates stagnant food in the abdomen, promoting appetite and digestion. Consumed with ginger and soy sauce (Source: Cangqi).
[Appendix: Haijing]
Li Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty stated: Haijing is also known as Jingyu, Suo..., and Gaoyaopan, growing in the South Sea. Two shells fuse together to form a shape, round like a mirror, with an inner surface that is very smooth and glossy, reflecting sunlight like mica. Inside lies a small amount of meat resembling a mussel embryo. A Hermit Crab resides in its abdomen, bean-sized and crab-like in appearance. When Haijing feeds, it emerges; when it retracts, the Haijing is satiated. Guo Pu's fu states, "The Suo... contains a crab in its belly, the Jellyfish has eyes like shrimp," referring to this creature.