（《别录》）
【校正】并入《拾遗》负盘。
【释名】负盘（《别录》）、屁盘虫（弘景）、屁 。
弘景曰∶行夜，今小儿呼屁盘虫，或曰屁 ，即此也。
藏器曰∶屁盘有短翅，飞不远，好夜中行，人触之即气出。虽与蜚蠊同名相似，终非一
物，戎人食之，味极辛辣。苏恭所谓“巴人重负 ”是也。
时珍曰∶负盘有三∶行夜、蜚蠊、 螽。皆同名而异类。夷人俱食之
夜与蜚蠊形状相类，但以有廉姜气味者为蜚蠊，触之气出者为屁盘，作分
载∶鲜于叔明好食负盘臭虫。每散，令人采取三、五升，浮温水上，泄尽臭气，用酥及五味
熬作
【气味】辛，温，有小毒。
【主治】腹痛寒热，利血（《别录》）。
（《纲目》）
【释名】灶鸡（俗）。
【集解】
时珍曰∶灶马处处有之，穴灶而居。按∶《酉阳杂俎》云∶灶马状如促织，稍大脚长，
好穴
【气味】缺。
【主治】竹刺入肉，取一枚捣敷（时珍）。
【附录】促织。时珍曰∶促织，蟋蟀也。一名 ，一名蜻 。陆玑《诗义疏》云∶似蝗
而小
月在
（音负终。《拾遗》）
【校正】并入《拾遗》蚱蜢。
【释名】负 （音烦）、蚱蜢。
时珍曰∶此有数种， 螽总名也。江东呼为蚱蜢，谓其瘦长善跳，窄而猛也。螽亦作 。
【集解】藏器曰∶ 螽状如蝗虫。有黑斑者，与蚯蚓异类同穴为
时珍曰∶ 螽，在草上者曰草螽，在土中者曰土螽，似草螽而大者，曰螽斯；似螽
细长者，曰 曰 螽。《尔雅》云蜀， 也；草螽，负 也，斯螽， 也； 螽， 也；
土螽， 也。数
稼。五月动股作声
其卵，至夏始出。
陆佃云∶草虫鸣于上风，蚯蚓鸣于下风，因风而化。性不忌而一母百子。故《诗》云∶
草虫， 螽。蝗亦螽类，大而方首，首有
北人炒食之。一生八十一子。冬有大雪，则
【气味】辛，有毒。
【主治】五月五日候交时收取，夫妇佩之，令相爱媚（藏器）。
【附录】吉丁虫（《拾遗》）
藏器曰∶甲虫也。背正绿，有翅在甲下。出岭南。宾、澄诸州。人取带之，令人喜好相
爱，媚药也。
金龟子
时珍曰∶此亦吉丁之类，媚药也。大如刀豆，头面似鬼，其甲黑硬如龟状，四足二角，
身首皆如泥金装成，盖亦蠹虫所化者。段公路《北户录》云∶金龟子，甲虫也。出岭南。五、
六
竺法真《
《益部记》云
樵《通志》云∶《
土诸山中亦时有之。
（出自《名医别录》）
【校正】将本品并入《本草拾遗》中的“负盘”条目。
【释名】负盘（出自《名医别录》）、屁盘虫（陶弘景称）、屁蝥。
陶弘景说：行夜，现在小孩叫它屁盘虫，或者说就是屁蝥，指的就是这种虫子。
苏恭说：屁盘虫翅膀短，飞不远，喜欢在夜间活动，人碰到它就会放出气体。虽然它与蜚蠊（蟑螂）名字相似、外形相近，但终究不是同一种动物。戎族人吃它，味道极其辛辣。苏恭所说的“巴地人重视负蝥”指的就是这个。
李时珍说：负盘有三种：行夜、蜚蠊、螽斯。它们虽然同名但属于不同种类。夷人都食用它们。
行夜与蜚蠊形状相似，区别在于有姜味的是蜚蠊，一碰就放气的是屁盘。鲜于叔明喜欢吃负盘臭虫。每次散发时，让人采集三到五升，放在温水上漂洗，排尽臭气后，用酥油和五味子熬制成膏。
【气味】辛，温，有小毒。
【主治】腹痛寒热，便血（出自《名医别录》）。
（出自《本草纲目》）
【释名】灶鸡（俗称）。
【集解】
李时珍说：灶马到处都有，在灶洞里打洞居住。按：《酉阳杂俎》记载：灶马形状像蟋蟀，稍大，脚长，喜欢打洞。
【气味】缺失。
【主治】竹刺扎入肉中，取一只捣碎外敷（李时珍）。
【附录】促织。李时珍说：促织，就是蟋蟀。又名蛐蛐，又名蜻蛉。陆玑《诗义疏》说：比蝗虫小……
（音负终。出自《本草拾遗》）
【校正】将本品并入《本草拾遗》中的“蚱蜢”条目。
【释名】负蝥（音烦）、蚱蜢。
李时珍说：这有好几种，“螽”是总称。江东地区叫它蚱蜢，说它身体瘦长善于跳跃，窄而凶猛。螽也写作“蟪”。
【集解】苏恭说：螽斯形状像蝗虫。有黑斑的，与蚯蚓不同类却同穴居住。
李时珍说：螽斯，在草上的叫草螽，在土里的叫土螽，比草螽大的叫螽斯；比螽斯细长的叫……叫……螽。《尔雅》说：蜀地叫……；草螽，叫负……；斯螽，叫……；……螽，叫……；土螽，叫……。数量众多，危害庄稼。五月振动翅膀发声。
它们的卵，到夏天才孵化出来。
陆佃说：草虫在上风口鸣叫，蚯蚓在下风口鸣叫，随风气变化而化生。性情不忌妒，一个母亲能生一百个孩子。所以《诗经》说：“草虫，螽斯。”蝗虫也是螽斯一类，体型大且方头，头上有……北方人炒着吃。一生八十一只孩子。冬天有大雪，则……
【气味】辛，有毒。
【主治】五月五日午时采收，夫妻佩戴，能使彼此恩爱（苏恭）。
【附录】吉丁虫（出自《本草拾遗》）
苏恭说：这是一种甲虫。背部正绿色，翅膀在甲壳下。产于岭南。宾州、澄州等地。人们把它戴在身上，能使人喜好相爱，是媚药。
金龟子
李时珍说：这也是吉丁虫的一类，是媚药。大小像刀豆，头脸像鬼，甲壳黑硬如龟状，四足二角，身体头部都像泥金装饰而成，大概也是蛀虫所化。段公路《北户录》说：金龟子，是甲虫。产于岭南。五、六月……
竺法真《……》
《益部记》说……
樵《通志》说：《……》
土山诸山中也有时有出现。
(From *Bie Lu*)
[Correction] Merged into the entry for "Fu Pan" in *Shi Yi*.
[Names] Fu Pan (from *Bie Lu*), Pi Pan Chong (called by Tao Hongjing), Pi Mao.
Tao Hongjing said: Xing Ye, now called Pi Pan Chong by children, or referred to as Pi Mao, refers to this insect.
Su Gong said: Pi Pan has short wings and cannot fly far; it likes to move at night, and releases gas when touched. Although it shares a similar name and appearance with Fei Lian (cockroach), they are ultimately different species. The Rong people eat it, and its taste is extremely pungent and spicy. This is what Su Gong meant by "the people of Ba value Fu Mao."
Li Shizhen said: There are three types of Fu Pan: Xing Ye, Fei Lian, and Zhong Si. They share the same name but belong to different categories. Barbarians all consume them.
Xing Ye resembles Fei Lian in shape, but can be distinguished by the fact that Fei Lian has an aroma resembling ginger, whereas Pi Pan releases gas upon contact. Xianyu Shuming liked to eat the stink bug known as Fu Pan. During each scattering season, he would have people collect three to five sheng, float them in warm water to drain the foul odor, and then simmer them with butter and five flavors to make a paste.
[Flavor and Toxicity] Pungent, warm, slightly toxic.
[Indications] Abdominal pain with alternating cold and fever, bloody stool (from *Bie Lu*).
(From *Gang Mu*)
[Names] Zao Ji (common name).
[Collection and Explanation]
Li Shizhen said: Zao Ma is found everywhere, dwelling in holes within the stove. According to *Youyang Zazu*: Zao Ma resembles a cricket (*Cu Zhi*), is slightly larger, has long legs, and likes to burrow.
[Flavor and Toxicity] Missing.
[Indications] For bamboo splinters embedded in flesh, take one specimen, crush it, and apply externally (Li Shizhen).
[Appendix] Cu Zhi. Li Shizhen said: Cu Zhi is the cricket. Also known as Qu Qu, also known as Qing Ling. Lu Ji's *Shi Yi Shu* states: It is smaller than a locust...
(Pronounced Fu Zhong. From *Shi Yi*)
[Correction] Merged into the entry for "Zha Meng" in *Shi Yi*.
[Names] Fu Mao (pronounced Fan), Zha Meng.
Li Shizhen said: There are several varieties; "Zhong" is the general term. In the Jiangdong region, it is called Zha Meng, described as slender, agile in jumping, narrow, and fierce. Zhong is also written as "Hui".
[Collection and Explanation] Su Gong said: Zhong Si resembles a locust. Those with black spots live in the same burrows as earthworms, though they are different species.
Li Shizhen said: Zhong Si found on grass is called Cao Zhong; those in soil are called Tu Zhong; those larger than Cao Zhong are called Zhong Si; those thinner and longer than Zhong Si are called [Name missing]; called [Name missing] Zhong. *Erya* states: In Shu, it is called [Name]; Cao Zhong is called Fu [Name]; Si Zhong is called [Name]; [Name] Zhong is called [Name]; Tu Zhong is called [Name]. They are numerous and damage crops. In the fifth month, they vibrate their wings to make sounds.
Their eggs hatch in summer.
Lu Duan said: Grass insects sing in the upwind direction, while earthworms sing in the downwind direction, transforming due to the wind. Their nature is non-jelous; one mother can produce a hundred offspring. Thus, the *Classic of Poetry* says: "Grass insects, Zhong Si." Locusts are also a type of Zhong Si; they are large with square heads, and have [feature] on the head. People in the north stir-fry and eat them. One produces eighty-one offspring in a lifetime. In winter with heavy snow, then...
[Flavor and Toxicity] Pungent, toxic.
[Indications] Collected at noon on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month; worn by husband and wife to foster mutual affection and love (Su Gong).
[Appendix] Ji Ding Chong (from *Shi Yi*)
Su Gong said: It is a beetle. The back is bright green, with wings under the elytra. Produced in Lingnan. Found in Bin and Cheng prefectures. People wear it to induce mutual attraction; it is an aphrodisiac.
Golden Beetle
Li Shizhen said: This is also a type of Ji Ding Chong and serves as an aphrodisiac. It is as large as a kidney bean, with a face resembling a ghost. Its elytra are black and hard like a turtle shell, with four legs and two horns. The body and head appear gilded, likely transformed from wood-boring larvae. Duan Gonglu's *Bei Hu Lu* states: Golden Beetle is a beetle. Produced in Lingnan. In the fifth and sixth months...
Zhu Fazhen's *[Title missing]*
*Yi Bu Ji* states...
Qiao's *Tong Zhi* states: *[Quote missing]*
Occasionally found in mountains of various soils.