（音鹤。《衍义》）
【校正】原系
【释名】时珍曰∶按俗云∶貉与獾同穴各处，故字从各。《说文》作 。亦作 。《尔雅》∶
子曰貊（音陌），其雌曰 （音恼）。原本以貊
【集解】宗 曰∶貉形如小狐，毛黄褐色。
时珍曰∶貉生山野间。状如狸，头锐鼻尖，斑色。其毛深浓温滑，可为裘服。与獾同穴
而异处，日伏夜出，捕食虫物，出则獾随之。其性好睡，人或蓄之，以竹叩醒，已而复寐，
故人好睡者谓之貉睡。俗作渴睡，谬矣。俚人又言其非好睡，乃耳聋也，故见人乃知趋走。
《考工记》云∶貉逾汶则死，地气使然也。王浚川言北曰狐，南曰貉；《星禽书》言氐土貉
是千岁独狐化成者，并非也。
肉
【气味】甘，温，无毒。
【主治】元脏虚劳及女子虚惫（苏颂）。
（音湍。《唐本草》）
【释名】獾 （藏器）、猪獾。
时珍曰∶ ，团也，其状团肥也。《尔雅》云∶ 子曰 。其足蹯，其迹KT 。蹯，足
掌也。KT ，指头迹也。
【集解】颂曰∶ ，似犬而矮，尖喙黑足，褐色。与獾、貉三种而大抵相类，而头、足
小别。郭璞注《尔雅》云∶ ，一名獾，以为一物，然方书说其形状差别也。
宗 曰∶ 肥矮，毛微灰色，头连脊毛一道黑，短尾，尖嘴而
时珍曰∶ ，即今猪獾也。处处山野间有之，穴居。状似小猪 ，形体肥而行钝。其耳
聋，见人乃走。短足短尾，尖喙褐毛，能孔地食虫蚁瓜果。其肉带土气，皮毛不如狗獾。苏
颂所注乃狗獾，非
肉
【气味】甘、酸，平，无毒。
【主治】水胀久不瘥、垂死者，作羹食之，下水大效（苏恭。《圣惠》用粳米、葱、豉
作粥食）。服丹石动热，下痢赤白久不瘥，煮肉露一宿，空腹和酱食，一顿即瘥。瘦人煮和
五味食，长肌肉（孟诜。宗 曰∶野兽中惟 肉最甘美，益瘦人）。治上气虚乏，咳逆劳热，
和五味煮食（吴瑞）。
膏
【主治】蜣螂蛊毒，胸中哽噎怵怵如虫行，咳血，以酒和服，或下或吐或自消也（崔行
功）。
胞
【主治】蛊毒，以腊月者，汤摩如鸡子许，空腹服之（《唐本草》）。
骨
【主治】上气咳嗽，炙研，酒服三合，日二，取瘥（孟诜）。
（读音同“鹤”。出自《衍义》。）
【校正】原书将其归类有误。
【释名】李时珍说：据民间说法，貉与獾虽然同住一个洞穴，但各自占据不同的空间，所以“貉”字从“各”部。《说文解字》写作“貈”，也写作“貉”。《尔雅》记载：雄性称为貊（音陌），雌性称为 （音恼）。原本将貊……
【集解】苏颂说：貉的形状像小狐狸，毛色为黄褐色。
李时珍说：貉生长在山野之间。形状像狸猫，头部尖锐，鼻尖，身上有斑纹。它的毛深厚浓密、温暖光滑，可以用来制作皮衣。它与獾同穴居住但分处不同区域，白天潜伏夜晚出来活动，捕食昆虫等小动物，出洞时獾会跟随其后。它天性爱睡觉，人们如果饲养它，用竹子敲击把它唤醒，它睡一会儿又睡着了，所以人们把爱睡觉的人称为“貉睡”。俗写为“渴睡”，这是错误的。乡间又有人说它不是爱睡觉，而是耳聋，所以看到人才知道跑动。《考工记》说：貉越过汶水以南就会死亡，这是地气使然。王浚川说北方叫狐，南方叫貉；《星禽书》说氐土貉是由千年的独狐变化而成的，这些说法都不正确。
肉
【气味】味甘，性温，无毒。
【主治】元气虚损劳伤以及女子气血虚弱疲惫（苏颂）。
（读音同“湍”。出自《唐本草》。）
【释名】 （藏器）、猪獾。
李时珍说： ，意为圆团，指其形状圆润肥胖。《尔雅》说：雄性称为 。它的脚掌宽大，足迹呈KT状。蹯，指脚掌。KT，指脚趾印。
【集解】苏颂说： ，像狗一样但身体矮小，嘴尖黑足，毛色褐。与獾、貉这三种动物大体相似，但在头、足上有细微区别。郭璞注释《尔雅》说： ，一名獾，认为是同一种动物，然而医方书籍中描述它们的形状是有差别的。
苏颂说： 肥矮，毛色微灰，头连脊背有一道黑毛，尾巴短，嘴巴尖而……
李时珍说： ，就是现在的猪獾。各地山野间都有，穴居。形状像小猪，形体肥胖但行动迟钝。它的耳朵聋，看见人才跑。脚短尾短，嘴尖毛褐，能在地下挖洞吃虫蚁瓜果。它的肉带有土腥味，皮毛不如狗獾。苏颂所注的是狗獾，不是猪獾。
肉
【气味】味甘、酸，性平，无毒。
【主治】水肿胀满长久不愈、濒临死亡者，做成羹汤食用，利水效果显著（苏恭。《圣惠方》用粳米、葱、豆豉煮粥食用）。服用丹石类药物导致体内燥热，下痢赤白久治不愈，将肉煮熟后露天放置一夜，空腹蘸酱吃，一顿即可痊愈。消瘦之人煮肉加五味调料食用，可以长肌肉（孟诜。苏颂说：野兽中只有 的肉最甘美，有益于消瘦之人）。治疗上气虚乏、咳嗽逆气、劳热，加五味调料煮食（吴瑞）。
膏
【主治】蜣螂蛊毒，胸中哽噎不适如虫行感，咳血，用酒调和服用，可致下泻或呕吐或自行消散（崔行功）。
胞
【主治】蛊毒，选用腊月制作的，用热水磨成鸡蛋大小，空腹服用（《唐本草》）。
骨
【主治】上气咳嗽，炙烤后研末，用酒送服三合，每日两次，直至痊愈（孟诜）。
(Hé, pronounced "he". From *Yanyi*.)
[Correction] Originally classified incorrectly.
[Names] Li Shizhen states: According to common belief, the hedgehog (He) and the badger (Huan) share a burrow but occupy separate spaces; hence the character for He contains the radical "ge" (each/separate). *Shuowen Jiezi* writes it as "He", also written as "Mo". *Erya* records: The male is called Mo (pronounced "mo"), and the female is called [character missing/obscured] (pronounced "nao"). Originally, Mo...
[Collected Explanations] Su Song states: The He resembles a small fox, with yellowish-brown fur.
Li Shizhen states: The He inhabits mountains and wild areas. Its shape is like that of a civet cat, with a pointed head and nose, and spotted coloration. Its fur is deep, dense, warm, and smooth, suitable for making pelts. It shares a burrow with the badger but occupies different sections within it. It is nocturnal, emerging at night to catch insects and other creatures, often followed by the badger when it exits. It has a natural tendency to sleep. If kept by humans, it can be awakened by striking bamboo, but soon falls back asleep. Thus, people who love sleep are said to have "He sleep." The vulgar writing "ke sleep" (thirsty sleep) is erroneous. Some rustic folk claim it does not love sleep but is deaf, only moving upon seeing people. *Kaogong Ji* states: The He dies if it crosses north of the Wen River; this is due to climatic conditions. Wang Xunchuan stated that foxes in the north are called Hu, while those in the south are called He; *Xingqin Shu* claimed that the Di Earth He is transformed from a thousand-year-old solitary fox. These claims are incorrect.
Meat
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Deficiency and exhaustion of the primordial Qi (Yuan Qi), and deficiency and debility in women (Su Song).
(Tuan, pronounced "tuan". From *Tang Bencao*.)
[Names] [Character obscured] (Zang Jing), Zhu Huan (Pig Badger).
Li Shizhen states: [Character obscured], meaning round or plump, referring to its fat and rounded shape. *Erya* says: The male is called [Character obscured]. Its feet are broad-palmed, and its tracks are KT-shaped. Fan refers to the footpad. KT refers to toe prints.
[Collected Explanations] Su Song states: [Character obscured], resembling a dog but shorter, with a pointed snout and black feet, brownish fur. It is generally similar to the badger and the He, but differs slightly in the head and feet. Guo Pu's annotation on *Erya* states: [Character obscured], also known as Huan, considering them one species; however, medical texts describe differences in their shapes.
Su Song states: [Character obscured] is fat and short, with slightly gray fur, a black stripe running from the head along the spine, a short tail, and a pointed mouth...
Li Shizhen states: [Character obscured] is the current Pig Badger (Arctonyx collaris). It is found in mountainous and wild areas everywhere, living in burrows. It resembles a piglet, with a fat body but dull movement. It is deaf and runs only when it sees people. It has short legs and a short tail, a pointed snout, and brown fur. It digs holes underground to eat insects, ants, melons, and fruits. Its meat has an earthy taste, and its pelt is inferior to that of the Dog Badger. Su Song’s description refers to the Dog Badger, not the Pig Badger.
Meat
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, sour, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] For chronic edema and distension that has not healed for a long time, and for patients near death, consume as soup; it has a significant effect in promoting urination (Su Gong. *Shenghui Fang* uses glutinous rice, green onion, and fermented soybeans to make porridge). For heat agitation caused by taking mineral pills (Danshi), and chronic dysentery with red and white discharge that does not heal, boil the meat and leave it exposed overnight; eat it empty-stomached with sauce, and it will cure after one meal. For emaciated individuals, boiling the meat with five flavors promotes muscle growth (Meng Shen. Su Song states: Among wild beasts, the meat of [Pig Badger] is the most delicious and beneficial for emaciated persons.). Treats upper Qi deficiency and fatigue, coughing, rebellious Qi, and consumptive fever; cook with five flavors and eat (Wu Rui).
Fat/Grease
[Indications] For toxicity from dung beetle gu, chest tightness and choking sensation as if insects are crawling, and hemoptysis; mix with wine and take orally. It may induce diarrhea, vomiting, or resolve spontaneously (Cui Xinggong).
Bladder/Uterus
[Indications] For gu toxicity; use those prepared in the twelfth lunar month, grind with hot water to the size of a chicken egg, and take on an empty stomach (*Tang Bencao*).
Bone
[Indications] For upper Qi and coughing; roast, powder, and take three he with wine, twice daily, until cured (Meng Shen).