（宋《开宝》）
【释名】靛花（《纲目》）、青蛤粉。
时珍曰∶黛，眉色也。刘熙《释名》云∶灭去眉毛，以此代之，故谓之黛。
【集解】志曰∶青黛从波斯国来。今以太原并庐陵、南康等处，染淀瓮上沫紫碧色者用
之，与青黛同功。
时珍曰∶波斯青黛，亦是外国蓝靛花，既不可得，则中国靛花亦可用。或不得已，用青
布浸汁代之。货者复以干淀充之，然有锻石，入服饵药中当详之。
【气味】咸，寒，无毒。权曰∶甘，平。
【主治】解诸药毒，小儿诸热，惊痫发热，天行头痛寒热，并水研服之。亦磨敷热疮恶
肿，金疮下血，蛇犬等毒（《开宝》）。解小儿疳热，杀虫（甄权）。
小儿丹热，和水服之。同鸡子白、大黄末，敷疮痈、蛇虺螫毒（藏器）。泻肝，散五脏
郁火，
【发明】宗 曰∶青黛乃蓝为之者。有一妇人患脐下腹上，下连二阴，遍生湿疮，状如
马爪疮，他处并无，热痒而痛，大小便涩，出黄汁，食亦减，身面微肿。医作恶疮治，用鳗
鲡鱼、松脂、黄丹之药涂之，热痛甚。问其人嗜酒食，喜鱼蟹发风等物。急令洗其膏药。以
马齿苋四两，杵烂，入青黛一两，再研匀涂之。即时热减，痛痒皆去。仍以八正散，日三服
之，分败客热。药干即上。如此二日，减三分之一，五日减三分之二，二十日愈。此盖中下
焦蓄风热毒瓦斯也。若不出，当作肠痈内痔。仍须禁酒色发风物。然不能禁，后果患内痔。
【附方】旧三，新十。
心口热痛∶姜汁调青黛一钱服之。（《医学正传》）
内热吐血∶青黛二钱，新汲水下。（《圣惠方》）
肺热咯血∶青饼子∶用青黛一两，杏仁（以牡蛎粉炒过）一两。研匀，黄蜡化和，作三
十饼子。
每服一饼，以干柿半个夹定，湿纸裹，煨香嚼食，粥饮送下，日三服。（华佗《中藏经》）
小儿惊痫∶青黛量大小，水研服之。（《生生编》）
小儿夜啼∶方同上。
小儿疳痢∶宫气方歌云∶孩儿杂病变成疳，不问强羸女与男。
烦热毛焦鼻口燥，皮肤枯槁四肢瘫。腹中时时更下痢，青黄赤白一般般。眼涩面黄鼻孔
赤，谷道开张不可看。此方便是青黛散，孩儿百病服之安。
耳疳出汁∶青黛、黄柏末，干搽。（《谈野翁方》）
烂弦风眼∶青黛、黄连泡汤，日洗。（《明目方》）
产后发狂∶四物汤加青黛，水煎服。（《摘玄》）
伤寒赤斑∶青黛二钱。水研服。（《活人书》）
豌豆疮毒，未成脓者∶波斯青黛一枣许。水研服。（《梅师方》）
瘰 未穿∶靛花、马齿苋同捣。日日涂敷，取效。（《简便方》）
诸毒虫伤∶青黛、雄黄等分，研末，新汲水服二钱。（《古今录验》）
【附录】雀翘 《别录》有名未用曰∶味咸。益气明目。生蓝中。叶
四月实，锐黄中黑。五月采，阴干。一名去母，一名更生。
【宋《开宝本草》】
【释名】靛花（《本草纲目》）、青蛤粉。
李时珍说：黛，是画眉用的颜色。刘熙在《释名》中说：刮去眉毛，用这种颜料代替，所以称为黛。
【集解】苏颂说：青黛是从波斯国传来的。现在太原以及庐陵、南康等地，染布缸上漂浮的紫碧色泡沫，拿来使用，功效与青黛相同。
李时珍说：波斯的青黛，也是外国的蓝靛花，如果得不到，那么中国的靛花也可以使用。或者不得已时，用青布浸泡的汁液来替代。贩卖的人又用干淀粉来冒充，但其中含有锻石（一种碱性矿物），服用内服药物时应当仔细辨别。
【气味】味咸，性寒，无毒。王权说：味甘，性平。
【主治】解除各种药物中毒，小儿的各种热证，惊风癫痫发热，流行性感冒引起的头痛寒热，都用水研磨后服用。也可以磨碎敷于热疮恶肿，金创出血，蛇犬等毒伤（《开宝本草》）。解除小儿疳积发热，杀虫（甄权）。
小儿丹毒发热，加水冲服。同鸡蛋清、大黄末一起，敷治疮痈、毒蛇咬伤毒（藏器）。泻肝火，疏散五脏郁结之火。
【发明】寇宗奭说：青黛是由蓝草制成的。曾有一位妇女患脐下腹部，向下连及二阴部，遍生湿疮，形状像马爪疮，其他部位没有，感觉热痒且疼痛，大小便涩滞，流出黄色汁液，食欲减退，身体面部轻微浮肿。医生当作恶疮治疗，用鳗鲡鱼、松脂、黄丹的药物涂抹，导致热痛加剧。询问此人嗜好饮酒吃食，喜欢鱼蟹等发风之物。急忙令其洗去膏药。用马齿苋四两，捣烂，加入青黛一两，再次研匀涂抹。顿时热感减轻，疼痛瘙痒全部去除。仍然服用八正散，每天三次，以分消客热。药干即重新涂抹。如此两天，症状减轻三分之一，五天减轻三分之二，二十天痊愈。这大概是中下焦蓄积了风热毒气。如果不排出，可能会发展成肠痈或内痔。仍然需要禁酒色及发风之物。然而不能禁止，后果果然患上了内痔。
【附方】旧方三个，新方十个。
心口热痛：用姜汁调服青黛一钱。（《医学正传》）
内热吐血：青黛二钱，用新汲取的冷水送服。（《圣惠方》）
肺热咯血：青饼子：用青黛一两，杏仁（用牡蛎粉炒过）一两。研匀，用黄蜡调和，制成三十个饼子。
每次服用一个饼，用半个干柿子夹住，用湿纸包裹，煨熟后嚼食，粥饮送下，每天三次。（华佗《中藏经》）
小儿惊痫：根据年龄大小，用水研磨后服用。（《生生编》）
小儿夜啼：方子同上。
小儿疳痢：宫气方歌云：孩子的杂病变成疳积，不论强壮瘦弱男女。烦热毛发焦枯鼻口干燥，皮肤枯槁四肢瘫痪。腹中时常腹泻，大便青黄赤白一般般。眼睛涩脸部黄鼻孔红，肛门开张不可看。这个方子就是青黛散，孩子百病服用可安。
耳疳出汁：青黛、黄柏末，干粉搽涂。（《谈野翁方》）
烂弦风眼：青黛、黄连泡汤，每天清洗。（《明目方》）
产后发狂：四物汤加青黛，水煎服。（《摘玄》）
伤寒赤斑：青黛二钱。用水研磨后服用。（《活人书》）
豌豆疮毒，未成脓者：波斯青黛如枣核大。用水研磨后服用。（《梅师方》）
瘰疬未穿破：靛花、马齿苋共同捣烂。每天涂抹，取效。（《简便方》）
诸毒虫伤：青黛、雄黄各等分，研末，新汲取的冷水送服二钱。（《古今录验》）
【附录】雀翘 《名医别录》有名未用曰：味咸。益气明目。生长在蓝草中。叶子四月结实，尖黄中黑。五月采集，阴干。一名去母，一名更生。
[Song Dynasty *Kaibao Bencao*]
[Names] Dianhua (Indigo Flower, *Bencao Gangmu*), Qinggefen (Green Clam Powder).
Li Shizhen stated: Dai refers to the color used for eyebrows. Liu Xi in *Shiming* said: "Eyebrows are removed and replaced with this substance, hence it is called Dai."
[Collection and Explanation] Su Song stated: Qingdai comes from Persia. Currently, in Taiyuan as well as Luling and Nankang areas, the purple-green foam floating on the surface of indigo dye vats is collected and used; its efficacy is the same as Qingdai.
Li Shizhen stated: Persian Qingdai is also foreign Indigo Flower. If unavailable, Chinese Dianhua can be used. Alternatively, if necessary, juice soaked from blue cloth can be used as a substitute. Vendors may pass off dry Dian powder as genuine, but it contains Duan Shi (calcined mineral alkali), which must be carefully distinguished when used in internal medicines.
[Flavor and Properties] Salty, cold, non-toxic. Wang Quan stated: Sweet, neutral.
[Principal Indications] Resolves toxicity of various drugs; treats various heat syndromes in children, febrile convulsions and epilepsy, headache and chills/fever due to epidemic pathogens. All are treated by grinding with water and ingesting. It can also be ground and applied topically to hot sores, malignant swellings, traumatic bleeding from metal wounds, and venom from snake or dog bites (*Kaibao Bencao*). Resolves childhood accumulation-heat, kills parasites (Zhen Quan).
Treats infant erysipelas with heat, administered with water mixed. Combined with egg white and powdered Rhubarb, applied to carbuncles and snake/insect bite venom (Zang Qi). Purges Liver fire, disperses stagnant fire in the Five Zang organs.
[Elucidation] Kou Zongshi stated: Qingdai is made from Isatis leaves. There was a woman suffering from wet sores extending from below the navel across the abdomen down to both yin organs. The sores resembled horse-claw sores, appearing nowhere else, accompanied by heat, itching, and pain. Urination and defecation were obstructed, yellow fluid exuded, appetite decreased, and the body and face were slightly swollen. Physicians treated it as a malignant sore, applying ointments containing Moray Eel, Pine Resin, and Red Lead, which intensified the heat and pain. Upon inquiry, it was found that she indulged in alcohol and favored fish and crab, which trigger wind-pathogens. She was urgently instructed to wash off the plaster. Four liang of Purslane was pounded into a paste, one liang of Qingdai was added, and the mixture was ground evenly and applied. Heat subsided immediately, and pain and itching ceased. She continued taking Bazheng San three times daily to dissipate pathogenic heat. The application was renewed when the medicine dried. After two days, symptoms reduced by one-third; after five days, by two-thirds; cured in twenty days. This was likely accumulation of wind-heat toxic qi in the middle and lower jiao. If not expelled, it might develop into intestinal abscess or internal hemorrhoids. Alcohol, sexual activity, and wind-triggering foods must be avoided. However, since she could not abstain, she subsequently developed internal hemorrhoids.
[Attached Prescriptions] Three old prescriptions, ten new ones.
Heat-pain in the heart region: Mix one qian of Qingdai with Ginger Juice and ingest (*Yixue Zhengzhuan*).
Internal heat causing hematemesis: Ingest two qian of Qingdai with fresh cold water (*Shenghui Fang*).
Lung heat causing hemoptysis: Qingbingzi (Qingdai Pills): Use one liang of Qingdai and one liang of Almond seeds (stir-fried with Oyster Shell powder). Grind evenly, mix with yellow beeswax, and form thirty pills.
Take one pill per dose. Sandwich it between half a dried persimmon, wrap in wet paper, bake until fragrant, chew, and swallow with gruel broth, three times daily. (Attributed to Hua Tuo, *Zhongzang Jing*)
Pediatric convulsions and epilepsy: Grind appropriate amount of Qingdai with water and ingest according to age (*Shengsheng Bian*).
Pediatric night crying: Same prescription as above.
Pediatric malnutrition dysentery: Gongqi Formula Verse states: Miscellaneous diseases in children turn into malnutrition (Gan syndrome), regardless of strength or gender. Restless heat, scorched hair, dry nose and mouth, withered skin, paralyzed limbs. Frequent abdominal diarrhea, stools varying in green, yellow, red, and white colors. Gritty eyes, sallow complexion, red nostrils, gaping anus unviewable. This formula is Qingdai San; administering it brings peace to hundred pediatric ailments.
Ear Gan discharging fluid: Apply dry powder of Qingdai and Phellodendron Bark (*Tan Yeweng Fang*).
Ulcerative blepharitis: Soak Qingdai and Coptis Rhizome in water, wash daily (*Mingmu Fang*).
Postpartum mania: Add Qingdai to Siwu Tang, decoct in water and ingest (*Zhai Xuan*).
Cold damage with red macules: Ingest two qian of Qingdai, ground in water (*Huren Shu*).
Smallpox toxin, before suppuration: Ingest Persian Qingdai equivalent to a date pit, ground in water (*Meishi Fang*).
Scrofula not yet ulcerated: Pound Indigo Flower and Purslane together. Apply daily until effective (*Jianbian Fang*).
Injuries from various poisonous insects: Equal parts Qingdai and Realgar, grind into powder, ingest two qian with fresh cold water (*Gujin Luyian*).
[Appendix] Queqiao (Bird Tail Feathers) *Bielu* lists it as "named but unused": Salty flavor. Benefits Qi, brightens eyes. Grows among Isatis plants. Leaves bear fruit in April, sharp, yellow with black center. Harvested in May, dried in shade. Also known as Qumu or Gengsheng.