（《拾遗》）
【集解】藏器曰∶生池畔，方茎，叶有丫，子作钗脚，着人衣如针。北人谓之鬼针，南
人谓之鬼钗。
【气味】苦，平，无毒。
【主治】蜘蛛、蛇咬，杵汁服，并敷（藏器）。涂蝎虿伤（时珍）。
【附方】新一。
割甲伤肉不愈∶鬼针草苗、鼠粘子根捣汁，和腊猪脂涂。（《千金》）
（《唐本草》）
【集解】恭曰∶生林野中，节节穿叶心生苗，其叶似楠，不时采根、叶用。
【气味】辛，无毒。
【主治】毒肿乳痈，解毒，破恶血（恭）。
【附方】新一。
下痢噤口∶独将军草根，有珠如豆者，取珠捣汁三匙，以白酒半杯和服。（《简便方》）
【附录】留军待 恭曰∶生剑州山谷，叶似楠而细长，采无时。味辛，温，无毒。主肢
节风痛，筋脉不遂，折伤瘀血，五缓挛痛。
（宋《图经》）
【集解】颂曰∶生筠州。春生苗叶，茎紫色，高一、二尺，叶似桑而光，面青紫赤色，
采无时。
【气味】酸、涩，有微毒。
【主治】消痈肿及狗咬，捣叶贴之（苏颂）。
【附方】新一。
一切肿毒及伤寒遗毒，发于耳之前后，及项下肿硬∶用见肿消草、生白芨、生白蔹、土
大黄、生大蓟根、野苎麻根捣成饼，入芒硝一钱，和贴留头，干即易之。若加金线重楼及山
慈菇尤妙。（《伤寒蕴要》）
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【集解】陈藏器说：生长在池塘边，茎呈方形，叶子有分叉，种子形状像发钗的脚，粘在人的衣服上就像针一样。北方人叫它鬼针，南方人叫它鬼钗。
【气味】味苦，性平，无毒。
【主治】治疗蜘蛛咬伤、蛇咬伤，捣取汁液内服，并外敷（陈藏器）。涂抹蝎子螫伤（李时珍）。
【附方】新增一方。
剪指甲伤及肌肉久不愈合：将鬼针草的幼苗和鼠粘子（牛蒡）的根捣成汁，与腊月猪脂混合涂抹。（出自《千金方》）
（出自《唐本草》）
【集解】苏恭说：生长在树林荒野中，茎节处穿过叶子生出苗，它的叶子像楠木叶，随时可以采集根和叶使用。
【气味】味辛，无毒。
【主治】治疗毒肿、乳痈，具有解毒、破除瘀血的功效（苏恭）。
【附方】新增一方。
治疗痢疾且无法进食（噤口痢）：选取独将军草（见肿消）根部，那些有珠状物如豆粒大小的，取珠捣汁三匙，用半杯白酒调和服用。（出自《简便方》）
【附录】留军待
苏恭说：生长在剑州的山谷中，叶子像楠木叶但细长，随时可采。味辛，性温，无毒。主治肢体关节风痛，筋脉拘挛不利，跌打损伤瘀血，以及五缓症引起的挛痛。
（出自宋代《图经本草》）
【集解】苏颂说：生长在筠州。春天生出苗叶，茎呈紫色，高一二尺，叶子像桑叶但表面光滑，正面呈青紫赤色，随时可采。
【气味】味酸、涩，有小毒。
【主治】消除痈肿及狗咬伤，捣碎叶子贴敷患处（苏颂）。
【附方】新增一方。
治疗各种肿毒以及伤寒遗留的毒素，发作于耳朵前后及颈部下方肿胀坚硬：使用见肿消草、生白芨、生白蔹、土大黄、生大蓟根、野苎麻根捣成饼状，加入一钱芒硝，混合后贴敷，留出头部伤口，干了就更换。如果加入金线重楼和山慈菇效果更佳。（出自《伤寒蕴要》）
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica])
[Collected Explanations] Chen Cangqi stated: It grows by the ponds, with square stems and forked leaves. The seeds resemble the tines of a hairpin and stick to people's clothing like needles. People in the North call it Guizhen (Ghost Needle), while those in the South call it Guichai (Ghost Hairpin).
[Aroma and Flavor] Bitter, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Treats spider bites and snakebites; crush the plant to extract juice for oral administration and topical application (Chen Cangqi). Apply to scorpion stings (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions] One new prescription.
Nail injury penetrating flesh that fails to heal: Crush the seedlings of Guizhen Cao (Achyranthes bidentata or related species, here referring to Bidens pilosa contextually) and the roots of Niuzaozi (Arctii Fructus / Burdock Fruit) to extract juice, mix with lard from the twelfth lunar month, and apply topically. (From *Qianjin Fang* [Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold]).
(From *Tang Bencao* [Tang Materia Medica])
[Collected Explanations] Su Gong stated: It grows in forests and wild areas. Leaves emerge through the nodes of the stem. The leaves resemble those of Nanmu (Phoebe zhennan). Roots and leaves can be harvested at any time.
[Aroma and Flavor] Pungent, non-toxic.
[Indications] Treats toxic swellings and mastitis; resolves toxicity and breaks up stagnant blood (Su Gong).
[Attached Prescriptions] One new prescription.
Dysentery with inability to eat (Jinkou Li): Take the root of Dujunjiang Cao (Bidens pilosa), specifically selecting those with bead-like structures resembling beans. Crush three spoonsful of these beads to extract juice, and take mixed with half a cup of white wine. (From *Jianbian Fang* [Simple and Convenient Prescriptions]).
[Appendix] Liu Jun Dai
Su Gong stated: It grows in the valleys of Jianzhou. The leaves resemble Nanmu leaves but are slender. Harvesting is not time-restricted. Flavor is pungent, nature is warm, non-toxic. Indicated for wind-pain in limbs and joints, flaccidity and paralysis of sinews and vessels, traumatic injuries with blood stasis, and spasmodic pain associated with the "Five Laxness" syndromes.
(From Song Dynasty *Tu Jing Bencao* [Illustrated Classic of Materia Medica])
[Collected Explanations] Su Song stated: It grows in Yinzhou. Seedlings and leaves emerge in spring. The stem is purple, one to two chi tall. The leaves resemble mulberry leaves but are smooth, appearing green-purple-red on the surface. Harvesting is not time-restricted.
[Aroma and Flavor] Sour, astringent, slightly toxic.
[Indications] Reduces carbuncles and swellings and treats dog bites; crush the leaves and apply topically (Su Song).
[Attached Prescriptions] One new prescription.
All types of swelling toxins and residual toxins from Shanghan (Cold Damage) manifesting as swelling and hardness before and behind the ears and below the neck: Use Jianzhongxiao Cao (Bidens pilosa), raw Baiji (Bletillae Rhizoma), raw Bailian (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Tu Dahuang (Rumex japonicus or similar), raw Daji (Cirsii Japonici Radix), and Ye Zhuma Gen (Boehmeriae Niveae Radix). Crush into a cake, add one qian of Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas), mix, and apply leaving the head of the wound exposed. Replace when dry. Adding Jinxian Chonglou (Paris polyphylla) and Shancigu (Gastrodiae Rhizoma or Fritillaria cirrhosa depending on era interpretation, often Gastrodia in this context) is especially effective. (From *Shanghan Yunyao* [Essentials for Cold Damage]).